EJJPS ISSN: 2751-1715
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
8
COMPARISON OF UZBEK AND TURKISH FOLK PROVERBS
Kayumova M.M.
Phd, Associate professor, TSDHU, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Zulayho Shukhrat kizi Karimova
Master's student of TSDHU, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
P
roverbs, orаl folklore, turkish folk
proverbs, uzbek folk proverbs, compаrison,
contrаst, trаnslаtion of turkish folk proverbs аnd
uzbek folk proverbs. Turkology.
Received:
01.12.2024
Accepted
: 05.12.2024
Published
: 10.12.2024
Abstract:
This аrticle discusses the history of the
origin, similаrities аnd proximity of uzbek аnd
turkish folk proverbs. The description of proverbs
in turkology, the аnаlysis of common sources of
uzbek аnd turkish proverbs, аnd reseаrch аimed аt
studying the prov
erbs of the two peoples аre
highlighted. The prаcticаl significаnce of the
results of the аrticle, the explаnаtory dictionаry of
uzbek аnd turkish folk proverbs, аnd their use аs а
source for books аnd scientific аrticles relаted to
the topic аre shown in this аrticle
.
INTRODUCTION
Proverbs are a product of oral folk art, conveying a people's ancient culture,
experiences, worldview, and traditions from generation to generation. Each nation that has left its mark
on history has developed its own proverbs, shaped by its unique way of life and thought. O.A.Aksoy
characterizes proverbs as “a fixed form, expressed in certain words within a specific framework” .
N. Albayrak describes proverbs as “anonymous, concise, and wise sayings that express one's thoughts
in the form of advice or judgment, based on the centuries of experience and observations of our
ancestors”
.
An analysis of proverbs reveals a wealth of information about different cultures. While these are general
characteristics of proverbs, various definitions have been proposed. Research conducted by the turkish
language research organization has also described proverbs. M.G.Oguz notes that proverbs are rooted
in folk experience, and the judgments and rules they express are observed in practice and accepted by
society .
I.P.Parlatir defines proverbs as “established aphorisms that are
based on long-term experience and
observations, contain specific judgments, provide reasonable guidance and advice, have been nurtured
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijps-04-12-02
Pages: 8-10
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ISSN: 2751-1715
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
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in oral tradition for centuries, and have been accepted by the people, emdiving the common values
and opinions of the people . In the process of collecting and publishing uzbek proverbs, various
definitions have been given to them. Additionally, the characteristics of proverbs, such as their oral
nature, traditionality, anonymity, and grounding in experience, have been explained. T.Mirzaev,
B.Sarimsakov, and A.Musakulov, while collecting and publishing proverbs, have also paid special
attention to their thematic groups, emphasizing their coverage of all aspects of social life . K.Sadikov has
focused on proverbs reflected in turkish written monuments, explaining the characteristics of the most
ancient proverbs . The opinions of turkish researchers about uzbek folk proverbs are recorded in
sources. Uzbek and turkish proverbs are similar in terms of their creation, formation, history, content,
and reflection of reality, processes, and people's lives. These peoples have common written monuments
and sources that reflect the oldest proverbs. Examples of the earliest uzbek and turkish proverbs can
be found in the Orkhon inscriptions,
Mahmud Kashgari's “Divan Lughat al
-
Turk”, Yusuf Has Hajib's
“Qutadgu bilig”, and Ahmad Yugnaki's “Hibat ul
-
haqaiq”.
A comparative study of uzbek and turkish folk proverbs will be conducted to explore the similarities
and differences in their meanings.
1. Folk proverbs in turkish and uzbek languages that have the same meaning and form:
A)
Turkchasi: “Yavru kuş yuvada gördüğünü yapar”
O‘zbekchasi: “Qush inida ko‘rganini qiladi”
In English: “As the twig is bent, so grows the tree”
B)
Turkchasi: “İyi dost kara günde belli olur”
O‘zbekchasi: “Yaxshi do‘st qora kunda bilinadi”
In English: “A friend in need is a friend indeed”
C)
Turkchasi: “Ayağini yorganina göre uzat”
O‘zbekchasi: “Ko‘rpangga qarab oyoq uzat”
In English: “Cut your coat according to your cloth”
These proverbs have been passed down through generations in both languages without any alterations,
highlighting the shared cultural heritage of the turkish and uzbek peoples.
2. Proverbs in turkish and uzbek languages that, despite slight variations in form, express
identical cultural concepts:
A)
Turkchasi: “Üzüm üzüme baka baka kararir”
O‘zbekchasi: “Qovun qovundan rang oladi”
In English: “Bad company corrupts good character”
B)
Turkchasi: “Düşmez, kalkmaz bir allah”
O‘zbekchasi: “Beayb parvardigor”
In English: “God is the only one who doesn't make mistakes”
C)
Turkchasi: “Armut dibine düşer”
O‘zbekchasi: “Olmani tagiga olma tushadi”
In English: “Like father, like son”
In the first proverb, the word 'melon' has been used instead of 'grape'. In the second proverb, the word
'not falling' incorrectly conveys the meaning of 'not making mistakes'. In the third proverb, the word
'apple' has been used instead of 'pear'.
3. Folk proverbs that have the same meaning but different forms in Turkish and Uzbek:
A)
Turkchasi: “Tencere yuvarlanmiş kapağini bulmuş”
O‘zbekchasi: “Ot aylanib qozig‘ini topadi”
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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In English: “Birds of a feather flock together”
B)
Turkchasi: “İki cambaz bir ipte oynamaz”
O‘zbekchasi: “Ikki kalla bir qozonda qaynamaydi”
In English: “Two captains sink the ship”
C)
Turkchasi: “Ateş olmayan yerden duman çikmaz”
O‘zbekchasi: “Shamol bo‘lmasa, daraxtning uchi qimirlamaydi”
In English: “There's no smoke without fire”
It's interesting to observe how the meanings of these proverbs are preserved across languages while
their literal translations differ significantly. For instance, the turkish proverb 'tencere yuvarlanmiş
kapağini bulmuş' translates literally into uzbek as 'qozon qopqog‘i aylanib qozonini topa
di', which
directly means 'the pot lid has rolled and found its pot'. However, the equivalent proverb in uzbek is 'ot
aylanib qozig‘ini topadi', meaning 'the horse will eventually find its stake'. Similarly, the turkish proverb
'iki cambaz bir ipte oynamaz' translates to 'ikki dorboz bir ipda yurmaydi' in uzbek, meaning 'two
acrobats cannot walk on one rope', but the corresponding uzbek proverb is 'ikki kalla bir qozonda
qaynamaydi', meaning 'two heads cannot boil in one pot'. Finally, the turkish proverb '
ateş olmayan
yerden duman çikmaz' translates to 'yong‘in bo‘lmagan joydan tutun chiqmaydi' in uzbek, meaning
'there is no smoke without a fire', while the uzbek equivalent is 'shamol bo‘lmasa, daraxtning uchi
qimirlamaydi', meaning 'if there is no wind, the tip of the tree will not move'.
Generalizing the definitions and descriptions of proverbs found in scholarly works on Uzbek and
Turkish linguistics, we can conclude the following: Proverbs are considered to be the most unique
products of folk oral creativity and folk thought. They are anonymous, stable units that have been
passed down from generation to generation in an unchanging mold, encapsulating comprehensive
information about a people's way of life, worldview, living conditions, religious beliefs, and cultural and
social relations.
REFERENCES
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Aksoy A. Ö. Atasözleri ve deyimler sözlüğü
-
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-16.
2.
Albayrak N. Türkiye türkçesinde atasözleri.
–İstanbul: kapi yayinlari, 2009. –
s. 13-14.
3.
Oğuz O. M. Türk halk edebiyati el kitabi. ‒ Ankara: gra
fiker yayinlari, 2010.
–
s. 203.
4.
Parlatir İ. Atasözleri. ‒ Ankara: Yargi, 2008. –
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