Arts and Humanities Other Topics

In this article, a study of one type of rhymes from the “ilmi segona” (the  trio of sciences) of poetics is thoroughly explained. There are a lot of research works about the science of rhyme and its uniqueness, and “Risolai qofia” (“Essay about rhyme”) by A.Jami is one of the major ones among them. This work of Jami‟s was influenced by “Al-Mujam” which was written by Shamsiddin Qais Rozi. The essence of Abdurahman Jami‟s “Risolai qofia” in learning the science of rhyme is discussed in the article.

В данной статье анализируется, произведение Достоевского, «Записки из Мертвого дома» определяются особенности раскрытия темы жизнеописание русских каторжан. Также в данной статье обобщаются мнения, изучения и взгляды разных писателей.

Подлинно новую поэзию Гюго создал в сборнике «Восточные мотивы» (1829). Этот сборник знаменовал полное освобождение от канонов классицизма и утверждал свободу творчества. Гюго сознавал эту свободу не только как свободу выбора, создания некой формы или темы произведения, но и как свободу их трактовки. В «восточных» темах Гюго притягивала не только экзотика с жарким восточным солнцем, и синим небом, с суровыми нравами и жизнью не испорченного цивилизацией «естественного» человека, сохранившего свою первозданную душу, но и возможность создания личного мира, не совпадающего с миром реальным, повседневной прозаической действительности.

Subjects of research: the Hanafi madhab trends; views of Hanafi madhab representatives; Abu-l-Mu’ayyad al-Makki al-Khorazmi’s life, his scientific heritage and his «Manaqib Abi Hanifa».
Purpose of work: study of Abu-l-Mu’ayyad al-Makki al-Khorazmi’s «Manaqib Abi Hanifa» as a source in the field of Hanafi madhab.
Methods of research: historical, comparatively-analytical.
The results obtained and their novelty: An extensive investigation is carried out on the “Maniqib Abi Hanifa” by Abu-l-Mu’ayyad al-Makki al-Khorazmi for the first time on the basis of the manuscript kept at the library of Sulaymania under number 1631; the significance of the work is defined as an important source on the history of Hanafi madhab in the Muslim world and in Mavcraunnahr, in particular. Owing to the comparatively-contrastive analysis of the copy, the unpublished part of the work, including parts 32-40 dedicated to the disciples of Abu Hanifa, was introduced into the scientific usage.
Practical value: Mavcraunnahr has, since the ancient times, been a soil for religious tolerance, a huge contribution in the formation of Hanafi madhab, which is considered as compromising in terms of the representatives of various religions and sects, is due to the local scientists, their scientific legacy is currently regarded as reliable source in the fight against religious fanaticism.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: seven scientific articles have been published on the theme of the thesis, two scientific reports and special courses have also been carried out at Tashkent Islamic University.
Field of application: the materials of the thesis can be widely used in the preparation of materials for the special courses at the Faculty of Qualification for imams (Muslim religious servants), in composing texts of lectures and manuals for the bachelors and masters of Religious Studies, Islamic Studies, also in the organization of social events within the republic in the places dealing with spiritually-cducational themes.

In this book under the heading "Nazm Boston" Zakirjon Khalmuhammad, the great poet and writer, literary critic and philologist of his time, a skilled calligrapher, a judge who is recognized as "Zubdat ul-Khukamo" ("Sarah of the Judge") li Furkata (1859–1909) contains samples his works in various lyrical genres. In the poet's poems included in this collection, the philosophy of love and life, the artist's attitude to social and political reality, the themes of science and education are comprehended in a combination of deep content and beautiful artistic form. We believe that this poetic bouquet will appeal to lovers of poetry.

Maqolada Yangi O'zbckistonda yoshlar ma’naviyati va milliy qadriyatlar uyg'unligi haqida so‘z boradi. Maqola mazmunini yoritib berish maqsadida qonunchilik hujjatlari va meyoriy hujjatlar olib borilgan islohotlar materiallardab foydalanildi.

Házirgi kunde Ózbekstanda hám Qaraqalpaqstanda jaslarǵa bolǵan itibar mámleketlik siyasat dárejesine jetti. Prezidentimiz Sh.M.Mirziyoyev tárepinen qabıl etilgen 2021 jılı 13 iyuldaǵı PF-6260-sanli pármanı jariyalandı (https://lex.uz/docs/5512119. 14.04.2023). Bunda tiykarinan 5 bap jaslarǵa arnalıp, sonıń 3 babı ―jaslardıń bos waqtı haqqında jazılǵan.

Ushbu maqolada bugungi kunda adabiy tafakkur jarayonida o‘zining alohida o‘rniga ega bo‘lgan yozuvchi Xurshid Do‘stmuhammad hikoyalari tahlilga olingan. Bunda yozuvchining badiiy mahorati, estetik tafakkur jihatlari, obrazlarning psixologik tahlillari ko‘rib chiqildi.

World perception - a larval condition, which defines readiness to realization worldoutlook to activity, and which is expressed by mutual contact with external ambience on the base of the beliefs about the world and about itself, social rates and valuables. The Model world perception consists of motivation, profound and operation component. World understanding is built on the base world sensation and world perception. The Particularity world understanding on measure of the shaping the science all more open through got by her knowledges. The Sense world understanding consists of that that he is a foundation of the development of need and outlook of the person, his(its) judgements about rate and value, and naturally and argument to activity. Shaping and improvement world sensation, world perception and world understanding leads to growing of efficiency to essence of the worldoutlook and increasing of power of the influence him(it) on active life.

This article provides an in-depth study of the content and essence of the President's resolutions and decrees related to the livestock sector, and presents the most important figures and indicators in the resolutions and decrees.

Subjects of the research: the courtyard belonging to the residential houses, public buildings and architectural ensembles in the traditional architecture of Central Asia, their architectural and planning solutions, the forms of yard traditions in modern architecture.
Aim of the research: To study the formation and development of yard traditions in architecture in Uzbekistan, and development issues in the implementation of modern architecture.
Methods of research: Historical and architectural resources devoted to building yard traditions in architecture in Central Asia, the scientific review and summarize the measure and plan drawings of buildings and structures.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time in the architectural research had been developed the processes of courts, their ways of formation and development, classification yards, their place and role in creating the microclimate in the social sphere, as well as recommendations for use and application of methods and traditions of the creation of households in the modern architecture. For the first time are specifically studied and summarized the collected scientific data on the formation and development of yard traditions in architecture in Central Asia, and made new scientific findings.
Practical value: The results enrich and deepen the knowledge of the history and theory of architecture in Central Asia , are of great practical importance in modern architecture for design of houses, taking into account the traditions and climate conditions. The scientific advice and guidance can be made to SNIP and regulations for the design.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: According to the results of research, lectures are read at universities, national and international conferences held in Sam GASI, TASI and Russia (Penza), results published in scientific journals, put into practice. The effectiveness of the significant social, architectural design and education system.
Field of application: The scientific results can be used as a guide for architects designing low-rise buildings, public buildings and architectural ensembles, and also during training students of Architecture and Construction Institute on “The history of architecture" and "Architectural Design".

After the transition to the anthropocentric paradigm, several
scientific studies are being conducted in cognitive linguistics; in
particular, attention is paid to the concept since it is one of the main
concepts of this field of linguistics. This article is devoted to a
comparative analysis of the verbalization of the concept of “heart” in
English, Russian, and Uzbek languages. The author of the article
gives the meanings and features of the term “concept” from the
perspective of foreign and national linguists and also identifies the
features of the concept structure. The study of the verbalization of the
concept was carried out based on lexicographic data given in
explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of the English, Russian,
and Uzbek languages. The cognitive map of the concept of “heart”
was made based on the structure of the concept given by cognitive
scientists. The relevance of the topic of the work is that the work was
carried out within the framework of a new anthropocentric linguistic
direction - cognitive linguistics and the importance of the comparative
study of languages to identify their national and cultural specifics.
The novelty of this article is the fact that it was the first to make a
cognitive analysis of the verbalization of the concept of “heart” in
English, Russian, and Uzbek languages. The results of the study
showed that despite the universal representation of the concept
“heart” in any language, the concept in question has certain features
of verbalization in each of the languages being compared.

O’zbekiston tarixdagi rivojlanish bosqichlarining eng yuksak pog’onasida ekanligi yoshlarimiz ta’lim olishi uchun barcha shart- sharoitlarni yaratib bermoqda va bu borada yuqori darajada ishlar olib borilmoqda. Bugungi mustaqilligimizgacha bo’lgan davrda yurtimiz ko’plab dovonlarni bosib o’tgan. Bu vaqtlar davomida yurtimiz bir necha bor yuksak pog’onalarga ko’tarildi va bir necha inqiroz holatlarini ham boshidan o’tkazdi. Bu davrlar orasida Amir Temur va temurriiylar davlatchiligi davri o’zining muhim o’rniga ega. Bu davrdagi davlatchilik siyosati xatto hozirgi davr davlatchiligida ham yuksak baholanadi. Shuning uchun ham bu davr davlatchiligi asoslarini o’rganish barcha yoshlarimiz uchun muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.

Статья затрагивает актуальную тему изучения языка русских пословиц и поговорок в контексте занятий по русскому языку, а также рассматривает использование этих языковых единиц при обучении студентов групп с нерусским языковым составом.

The article is devoted to the possibilities of using historical experience in the development of modern anti-corruption strategies. Corruption is considered as a civilizational phenomenon inherent in states of any historical type. In preparing the publication, the practice of states of various historical types was analyzed, which made it possible to identify the essential characteristics inherent in corruption as a social phenomenon, and specific historical characteristics inherent in corrupt behavior that has developed in various countries.

The paper examines information and communication technologies. Interactive computer technology can accelerate learning and improve the quality of education, through a deeper and visual study material.

Engaging Opening Urban areas are the heart of human civilization, serving as centers of economy, culture, and innovation. However, rapid urbanization and decades of wear and tear pose significant challenges to the sustainable development of cities. In order to address these issues and create livable, resilient urban spaces, the importance of urban reconstruction and renovation cannot be understated. Background and Challenges Urban development faces numerous challenges, including aging infrastructure, population growth, climate change, and limited land availability. These issues necessitate the exploration of innovative solutions and approaches, such as the use of geoengineering systems, to transform urban landscapes and ensure their adaptability to future needs.

The article contains material on the use of techniques to stimulate student activity in Russian language classes in connection with the study of constructions with semantics of condition. The author shows how, using examples from literary texts, one can not only develop skills in operating conditional constructions, but also awaken in students the desire to produce their own speech and reveal their creative potential.

When humor deployed through satire, it often sheds its playfulness and becomes a disruptive weapon that exposes societal, political, and moral issues. English literature is rich with examples where humor is not simply used for entertainment but functions as a sarcastic reflection. This paper highlights the relationship between humor and satire in English literature, particularly George Orwell's Animal Farm, arguing that satire uses humor to both mask and amplify its critique. The goal of this paper is to understand how humor functions in a literary satirical work Animal Farm written by a British profound writer George Orwell.

This article discusses the specifics of the design solutions of the madrasah of the XVIII-XX centuries in the architectural context. The typology and variations of madrasas, which have been preserved and are also used in the construction of modern madrasahs, Islamic educational centers, the differences and features of the Bukhara, Khiva and Kokand architectural schools have been studied. Regularities of formation and development of local architectural schools are revealed. In particular, the article touches upon the issue of the influence of the historical, economic and political development of the region on the formation of local religious architecture in Uzbekistan.

The article contains a classification of proverbs and sayings according to their meaning, usage and lexical composition, touches on the
reasons causing difficulties in translation. It shows the factors that affect the translation of proverbs and sayings, the problems encountered in this process and their solutions. The article emphasizes the importance and the role of the paremic layer of the language, as well as definitions of proverbs and sayings. It is worth noting that the recommendations that are given in the article are both theoretical and practical. The article discusses proverbs and sayings in accordance with the topic

The aim of the research work. The aim of the study is to describe the centuries-old musical and creative traditions and to determine their place and significance in the Uzbek contemporary music culture.
The scientific novelty of the research work:
identified religious, mythological, folk-ritual and other cultural layers of historical background of art yallachi;
revealed semantics, and trichord the basis of intonational dictionary of women's musical creativity;
installed create typical artistic images in art yllachi on the basis of receipt of modal cells and different rhythmic formulas;
on the basis of examples and actual materials the reflection of the Uzbek woman's rich spiritual world, peculiarities of her creative thinking and sensitive attitude in the art of yallachi is proved;
the significance of the yalla genre in the formation and development of the Uzbek pop song.

Subjects of research: Traditional embroidery and Oq-cnli carpets of the Southern regions of Uzbekistan - Surkhandarya and Kashkadarya districts.
Purpose of work: To identify local specifics of the traditional embroidery in Surkhandarya and Kashkadarya in 20th -21st centuries, to describe the process of preservation and revival of the traditional hand made embroidery in the region.
Methods of research: Comparative Art analysis is made in order to identify the local features of the Regional Embroidery on the basis of studying and classification of the embroidery items using the materials from the Scientific Expeditions and Museum Collections.
The results obtained and their novelty: Main centres of the Embroidery were allocated as well as masters and graphic artists of the region concerned. The role and the significance of the Traditional Embroidery nowadays and the local traditions of the regions concerned were closely examined. There were technological art peculiarities studied on the basis of analysis of the embroidery in each centre of the village, typical for the local traditions. The important emphasis was paid to the studying of Compositional techniques and the type of decorations used in the centres of traditional embroidery on the basis of comparative analysis of the traditional embroidery of Surkhandarya and Kashkadarya districts and their significance within the Embroidery Schools throughout Uzbekistan.
Practical value: Results of the present studies could be used as the Guidance Book for the Graphic and Embroidery Artists. This research carries a very important practical meaning for reserving and reviving traditions of embroidery in Southern Regions of Uzbekistan.
Degree of embed and Economic affectivity: Main clauses of the dissertation arc similar to the ones used in 12 scientific publications and magazine editions.
Field of application: Materials from this Research work might be used for the lectures on the History of Applied Arts of Uzbekistan and also in publishing textbooks or manuals on the subjects concerned. These materials would be beneficial for the State Grants in Scientific Art Researches.

Paxta tozalash korxonasida ishlab chiqarilgan paxta tolasi tarkibida nuqson va iflos aralashmalar mavjud bo'lib, ular ip-kalava ishlab chiqarish jarayoniga salbiy ta’sir ko'rsatadi. Maqolada jinlash jarayonida tola namligining ishlab chiqarilayotgan tola tarkibidagi nuqson va iflos aralashmalar miqdoriga ta’siri o'rganilgan.

Subjects of the research : the rock drawings revealed by the author, and also occurring in the publications, devoted to discovered in the mountain gorges of the Central Asia petroglyphs.
Such statement of an issue has been put forward in the seventies of XX century. Therefore the author addresses to petroglyphs of the Central - Asian region (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tadjikistan, Kyrghyzstan), and in searches of analogues - Caucasus, Mongolia, Altai and other areas that enables to establish the general tendencies of development of rock paintings, as well as its thematic direstion.
Aim of the research: studying of compositional, reconstructive and art -technological regularities of rock drawings of the Central Asia, revealing their contents, the form, means of expressiveness, and also a place and value in culture of an antiquity. According to the purpose of the dissertation tasks have been assigned.
Method of research: is based on the analysis and generalization of literary sources and results of natural works; complex interpretation of each scientific valued phenomenon; classifications of drawings, graphic reconstruction of all details in modern graphic style.
The results achieved and their novelty: For the first time on the basis of complex research of petroglyphs of the Central Asia classification of rock drawings taking into account general composition, research area, a degree of richness of stages characters and their arrangement on a natural background of one or another form arc conducted. For the first time graphic reconstruction of rock drawings with their contents revealing and preservation of the general composition in space is carried out.
Practical value: Practical value of work is in the opportunity of using of the analytical materials, conclusions and graphic reconstruction as translation into modern plastic language for: a) creation of scientific studies on a history of Uzbekistan, and also methodical manuals for students of High Schools on preparation of experts in the field of the fine arts, architecture and design; 6) restoration of the ethnographic data, including ancient household ceremonies, rituals; в) formation of inhabited complexes.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: Basis of work and researched issues arc revealed in a number of publications in scientific magazines, in proceedings and other editions.
Field of application: a history of art, ethnography, cultural science, art criticism, museum and archival science.