ISSN: 3030-3931, Impact factor: 7,241
Volume 7, issue 1, Aprel 2025
https://worldlyjournals.com/index.php/Yangiizlanuvchi
worldly knowledge
OAK Index bazalari :
research gate, research bib.
Qo’shimcha index bazalari:
zenodo, open aire. google scholar.
Original article
101
MIRZO ULUGBEK AS ONE OF THE OUTSTANDING PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE
ASIA
Sulaymonova Sevara Elyor qizi
3st year student of the Faculty of Foreign Languages
ABSTRACT:
Every young generation studying Ulugʻbek's work not only learns his work, but
the food qualities of Ulugbek are transferred to him.He created very effectively.Ulugʻbek is an
artist who left a deep mark in our history.His works are used by scientists all over the world.His
works are used by scientists all over the world.I think that everyone should get to know
Ulugʻbek's descendants, are his descendants and it is impossible not to know his works.A person
who reads his works gets strange feeling that cannot be expressed in words.
KEY WORDS:
Knowledge, observatory, reached, diameter, meridian, measuring, invention,
telescope, horizon, astronomical equipped,along, astronomical , described, mathematician,
enlightenment,historian, constellations, Formidable.
"Religion is scattering like fog, kingdoms are being
destroyed, but the works of scientists remain forever"
On one of the hills of Samarkand, there is an unusual structure. It was built over five centuries
ago and this is the Ulugbek Observatory, a building that allowed making a breakthrough in
medieval astronomy.Muhammad Taragay ibn Shahrukh ibn Temur Ulugbek Guragan was born
in 1394 in the family of Shahrukh, the eldest son ofTamerlane. At the age of 10, he became the
ruler of the vast territory of Mawarannahr with the capital in Samarkand. However, in history he
became not a formidable ruler, but a great scientist. Mirzo Ulugbek was one of the most
educated people in the world and was even a person who was ahead of his time. Perhaps, his
contemporaries did not understand everything that Ulugbek did.When Ulugbek was 8 years old,
he accompanied his famous grandfather Amir Temur during the military campaign to Asia Minor
and Syria. Once, in the city of Merag, young Ulugbek saw the famous Maragin Observatory,
which existed until the middle of the XIV century and was the largest astronomical observatory
of its time. About 400 thousand manuscripts were stored there and more than 100 scientists-
astronomers worked in this observatory. It is said that since that time Ulugbek had been
passionately keen on astronomy.Thanks to the vast knowledge and power of the ruler, Mirzo
Ulugbek was able to create the most equipped astronomical centre of that time. The observatory
was round in shape, its diameter reached 46 meters, and the height was at the level of a ten-story
building. Although the structure was three-story, each floor was ten meters higher. Inside, along
the line of the meridian, Ulugbek built a quadrant – a large 64 meters long instrument, located at
an angle of 90 degrees. Before the invention of the telescope, such a quadrant served as a tool for
measuring the height of the stars above the horizon and for determining the coordinate of the
point from which the measurement was carried out. Ulugbek’s quadrant was the largest in the
world at that time, and therefore the most accurate. The observatory consisted of two parts, and
the one that was underground had been preservedMirzo Ulugbek spent days and nights at his
observatory. The result of the work was the “Gurgan Zij”, a star catalog, in which the astronomer
described 1018 stars and divided them into 38 constellations.Mirzo Ulugbek was able to
calculate the stellar year length with unprecedented accuracy – 365 days, 6 hours, 10 minutes, 8
seconds, and the error was less than a minute. He determined the inclination of the Earth’s axis.
ISSN: 3030-3931, Impact factor: 7,241
Volume 7, issue 1, Aprel 2025
https://worldlyjournals.com/index.php/Yangiizlanuvchi
worldly knowledge
OAK Index bazalari :
research gate, research bib.
Qo’shimcha index bazalari:
zenodo, open aire. google scholar.
Original article
102
During his lifetime, the scientific works of Ulugbek were known all over the world. Chinese
wrote and talked about him and used the astronomical calculations of Ulugbek. After 200 years,
the British scientists were engaged in the discoveries of Ulugbek. His scientific works were
translated into Latin.Ulugbek is not only an astronomer, but also a mathematician, enlightener,
poet, historian. In the XV century, he urged the people to education: “the Muslim men and
women must possess knowledge”. Ulugbek was very strong in his endeavor to enlighten the
people. He built madrassas in Bukhara and Samarkand for this purpose. One of the most famous
is included in the ensemble on the Registan Square in Samarkand.Passion for science at that
distant time turned out to be a dangerous affair. Mirzo Ulugbek set religious leaders against
himself, and the lack of military victories shook his authority. As a result, an uprising, led by the
eldest son of Ulugbek, Abdulatif, was organized.The decisive battle between father and son took
place near Samarkand. Ulugbek’s troops were defeated and he had to surrender. With the
consent of Abdulatif, Mirzo Ulugbek went to Mecca, but along the way, the traitors seized
Ulugbek and beheaded the ruler. This happened on October 27, 1449After the death of Mirzo
Ulugbek, the observatory worked for another 20 years, but it was soon closed and the building
was gradually destroyed. The opening of the observatory occurred in 1908. Archaeologist
Vyatkin, using the documents, was able to find Ulugbek’s observatory in Samarkand.
References:
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Mirzo Ulugbek, Outstanding people of the Middle Asia (tourstouzbekistan.com)
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11 facts about a scientist or Mirzo Ulugbek who taught students even though he was a
