INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1596
HISTORICAL-ETYMOLOGY CLASSIFICATION OF THE LEXICAL BOOK OF THE
WORK “HISTORY OF FOUR NUTS”
Rajabov Yunus Ganievich
Master of Karshi State University
Annotation:
This article studies the historical-etymological classification of toponyms,
anthroponyms, hydronyms, and ethnonyms used in Mirzo Ulugbek’s “History of Four Nations”,
identifies lexical-semantic groups of onomastic units used in the work “History of Four
Nations”, sheds light on the semantics of onomastic units used in the work: anthroponym,
toponym, ethnonym, hydronym, and other units, analyzes the level of use of Arabic, Persian-
Tajik onomastic units used in the work. The article shows that the semantic field of toponyms is
significant due to the study of their semantic field.
Keywords:
toponym, anthroponym, hydronym, ethnonym, Arabic, Persian-Tajik, semantics,
place names
Абстрактный:
В статье представлена историко-этимологическая классификация
топонимов, антропонимов, гидронимов и этнонимов, использованных в произведении
Мирзо Улугбека «История четырех улусов».
В ходе исследования были выявлены лексико-семантические группы ономастических
единиц, использованных в произведении «История четырех народов», освещена
семантика ономастических единиц, использованных в произведении: антропоним,
топоним, этноним, гидроним и другие единицы, а также проанализирован уровень
использования
арабских,
персидско-таджикских
ономастических
единиц,
использованных в произведении. В статье показана важность изучения семантического
поля топонимов.
Ключевые слова:
топоним, антропоним, гидроним, этноним, арабский, персидско-
таджикский, семантика, топонимы
There is no language in the world that does not have words that have come from other
languages. Most of the words of Arabic origin in the Uzbek language did not come directly
from Arabic, but through other intermediate languages. This process mainly occurred during the
period when Islam spread to Central Asia, when Arabic was taught in madrasas as the language
of religious knowledge. Also, at that time, Arabic was accepted as the language of science
throughout the Eastern world. Therefore, words borrowed from Arabic often correspond to
religious and scientific terms. The role of Persian in the introduction of Arabic words into the
Uzbek language is also important. Many Arabic words were first absorbed into Persian, and
then passed into the Uzbek language. Words borrowed in this way usually denote objects and
phenomena used in everyday life. It is also worth noting that Arabic words were often not
directly borrowed into the Uzbek language, but were adapted to the phonetic rules of the Uzbek
language.
In the works of Mirzo Ulugbek, the assimilation layer consists of two groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1597
1. Layer of Arabic names
2. Layer of Persian-Tajik names
Layer of Arabic names
Bani Fatima - descendants of Fatima (Ali and Fatima), the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad.
Zol - the famous wrestler Zoli Zori from Sistan. One of the heroes of Firdausi's "Shahnamah".
Imam Shafii - the founder and first imam of the Shafii school of Sunni Islam, the famous jurist
Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi'i (767-820).
Imtiyozkhan, Shaykhan, Fdekhlokhan - relatives of Khorezmshah Muhammad, in
Rashiduddin's book Alp Erkhan, Suyunchkhan; Boloakhan.
Islam Maliki Jamoliddin - Here we are talking about Jamoliddin Dastjirdani, the minister of
Boydukhan.
Ismi A’zam — The Greatest Name; The name of Allah Almighty.
Mevlana Jalaluddin Rumi — The great Central Asian poet, astrologer, philosopher-scientist
(1207—1273).
Malkuni — The fifth (from another wife) son of Yasuguy Bakhodir. Rashiduddin calls him
Bilgutai.
Mas’udbek — The son of the famous Mahmud Yalovach; After his father was appointed
viceroy to China (after 1239), he ruled the Chigatay ulus (died in 1289).
Mursal (Arabic) — An ambassador, a sent envoy or a prophet.
Murtaz Ali — The fourth caliph of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, Ali ibn Abu Talib (656—661).
Every language has words that have come from other languages. The Uzbek language
is no exception to this process, and words of Arabic origin occupy an important place in its
lexicon. Most of the Arabic words in the Uzbek language did not come directly from Arabic,
but through other intermediate languages. This process is mainly associated with the
introduction of Islam into Central Asia and the spread of Arabic as a language of scientific and
religious knowledge. Since Arabic, in turn, is accepted as a language of science in the Eastern
world, Arabic words are often associated with religious and scientific terms.
Toponyms
Astrobod — Jurjon (Gurgon)ning kattaligi jihatdan ikkinchi shahri; Kaspiy dengizining
sharqiy-janubiy tarafida, Mozandaron chegarasida joylashgan.
Ash Nos — Sirdaryoning quyi oqimida, Signok bilan Jand o'rtasida joylashgan o'rta asr shahari,
xarobalari saqlanmagan.
Valiyon — Balx Toxaristonida joylashgan mashhur qishloqlardan biri.
Vositiya (Al-Vosit) — Mesopotamiyaning o‘rta hududlarida joylashgan mashhur shahar.
Dorul-Islom — Islom uyi. Bag‘dodga berilgan nisbat.
Dorussalom — Salom uyi. Xalifalik poytaxti. Bag‘dodga berilgan nisbat.
Lur (Luriston) — Eronning g‘arbiy viloyati; Arabiston bilan chegaradosh. Ikki qismdan iborat:
kichik Lur va katta Lur (sharqiy-janubiy Lur).
Mavsul — Shom (Suriya)ning Musul shahri.
Marv — Urta Osiyoning qadimiy shaharlaridan biri. Ko‘proq Marvi shoxi jaxonni biladi.
Xarobalari Turkmanistonning Bayramali temir yo‘l bekati yaqinida joylashgan.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1598
Persian-Tajik names layer
Poli Gui Ibn Poydor — Chig’atoylardan. Rashiduddinning kitobida keltirilishicha, Olru ibn
Boydor.
Dayyor — Mayxona axdi, uzlikdan ketgan kishi.
Isfandiyor — Kadimgi Eronning Kayyoniylar sulolasidan bo‘lgan podshoh Gishtosipning o‘g‘li.
Taxamtan (Fors) — Rustamga berilgan lakab, Firdavsiy «Shaxnoma»sida kuylangan qahramon.
Kakkashon (fors.) — Osmonda uzun bo‘lib ko‘rinadigan oq yo‘l; Somon yo‘li.
Mextar (fors.) — Ulug‘, katta; xon va podshohga tegishli kichik muassasa yoki korxona
boshlig‘i; maye. Mextari kutubxona, mextari tushakxona.
Garchiston — MypFo6 daryosining yuqori oqimida joylashgan va Fyp bilan chegaradosh
tog‘lik viloyat.
Gilon — Kaspiy dengizining janubiy sohilida joylashgan viloyat. Sharq tarafdan Mozandaron
bilan chegaradosh bo‘lgan.
Dar Band — Istehkom; bu yerda Surxondaryoning Boysun tumoni chegarasida joylashgan
qadimiy darvoza ustida ran boradi. U Darbandi Oxanin yoki Buzgola nomi bilan ham mashhur
bo‘lgan.
Darband (bob al-abvob) — Darvozalar darvozasi; Shirvonning (k.) shimoliy tarafida joylashgan
yirik shahar va bandar (Kaspiy dengizining bandarlaridan). Hozir ham mavjud va Ozarbayjon
Respublikasining Kaspiy bo‘yidagi yirik shahri.
In addition, the Persian language also played an important role in the introduction of
Arabic words into the Uzbek language. Arabic words that were absorbed into the Persian
language later passed into the Uzbek language, and the words assimilated in this way are widely
used to express objects and phenomena used in everyday life. It should be noted that Arabic
words were often not directly introduced into the Uzbek language, but were adopted in
adaptation to the phonetic laws of the Uzbek language.
In the work of Mirzo Ulugbek, the names of the adopted layer are divided into two
main groups: the layer of Arabic names and the names of the Persian-Tajik layer. These two
layers had a significant impact on the richness and lexical structure of the language.
References:
1. Абдурахмонов А. Некоторые вопросы топонимики Казахстана: Автореф. дисc. канд.
фил. наук, 1954;
2. Абдимуратов К. Топонимика Каракалпакии: Автореф. дисc. канд. фил. наук. – Нукус,
1966;
3. Атаниязов С. Топонимика Юго-восточного Туркменистана: Автореф. дисc. канд. фил.
наук. – Ашхабад, 1966;
4. Begmatov E.A. O‘zbek tili antroponimikasi. – T.: Fan, 1998. – 261 b.
5. Begmatov E.A. Hozirgi o‘zbek adabiy tilining leksik qatlamlari. – T.: Fan, 1965. – B.17.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1599
6. Mo‘minova N. Temuriylar davri antroponimiyasining leksik-semantik xususiyatlari: Fil.
fan. … falsafa d-ri (PhD) avtoref. – Qarshi, 2021. – B.10
