INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1600
METHODOLOGY FOR TEACHING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS TO
SOLVE LOGICAL PROBLEMS
Bahtiyorova Asila O‘ktam kizi
National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan named after Nizami
Student of the 3rd stage of the Faculty of primary education
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarini mantiqiy masalalarni yechishga
o‘rgatishning samarali metodikasi ko‘rib chiqilgan. Mantiqiy fikrlashni rivojlantirish uchun
qo‘llaniladigan usullar, masalalar turlari va ularni dars jarayoniga integratsiyalash yo‘llari
batafsil tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, mantiqiy masalalar o‘quvchilarda tanqidiy fikrlash va
ijodiy yondashuvni shakllantirishdagi ahamiyati yoritilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
boshlang‘ich ta’lim, mantiqiy masalalar, metodika, mantiqiy fikrlash, o‘qitish
usullari, boshlang‘ich sinf, didaktika.
Абстрактный:
В статье рассматривается эффективная методика обучения учащихся
начальной школы решению логических задач. Подробно анализируются методы развития
логического мышления, типы задач и способы их интеграции в процесс урока. В нем
также подчеркивается важность логических задач для развития критического мышления
и творческих подходов у учащихся.
Ключевые слова
: начальное образование, логические задачи, методика, логическое
мышление, методы обучения, начальная школа, дидактика.
Abstract:
This article examines an effective methodology for teaching primary school students
to solve logical problems. The methods used to develop logical thinking, types of problems, and
ways to integrate them into the lesson process are analyzed in detail. The importance of logical
problems in the formation of critical thinking and creative approaches in students is also
highlighted.
Keywords
: primary education, logical problems, methodology, logical thinking, teaching
methods, primary school, didactics.
Elementary education is considered one of the most important stages in school, because it is
during this period that the child begins to form his thinking skills. And the development of
logical thinking acts as a foundation in achieving success not only from mathematics, but also
from all disciplines. Solving logical problems is not only a computational ability, but also a
process of analyzing a problem, understanding dependencies, developing the skill of thinking in
new situations. Therefore, it is an important pedagogical task to teach students in elementary
grades to solve logical problems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1601
The concept of logical issues and their significance
A logical issue is understood as tasks that require complex thinking, which, in addition to
simple calculation, make it necessary to perform a series of steps in the process of thinking.
They serve to concentrate students ' attention, to systematically formulate thought, as well as to
increase the ability to reason and compare.
When solving logical problems, students develop the following skills:
Analytical thinking-dividing the issue into small pieces and analyzing each part;
Synthetic thinking-finding a solution by combining individual data;
Creative approach-finding new methods, ways;
Observation and attention-a close look at each detail;
Causation and justification — to explain and defend one's own opinion.
Types of logical issues:
In elementary grades, it is recommended to use more of the following types of logical problems:
1. Simple counting issues: for example, “if Murad has 3 apples, and he gets 2 more apples, how
many apples will he have in total?"These issues, while enhancing students' arithmetic abilities,
prepare them for logical thinking.
2. Pictorial issues: issues given on the basis of a picture or diagram develop the visual thinking
of the reader. For example, in the picture there are several birds, calculating how much they
flew.
3. Sequence issues: continuing a sequence of numbers or forms increases their ability to
perceive relationships in students. These types of issues deepen logical thinking.
4. Problem issues: in this type of issue, the reader can come up with different solutions that
serve to develop creative thinking.
Methodology for teaching logical issues
It is advisable to use the following methodological approaches to effectively teach logical
issues:
Teaching through explanations and examples: the teacher explains the issue step by step and,
together with the students, finds a solution. In the process, it is important to answer and
encourage students ' questions.
Application of visual materials: explanation of issues through painting, diagram, image, which
is especially effective for younger readers.
Exercises in the form of a game: solving logical issues in the form of a game increases interest
in students and encourages them to work actively.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1602
Working in a group: Students divide into small groups and solve issues together. This method
develops communication and collective thinking skills.
Encouraging independent thinking: it is necessary to encourage students to formulate new
issues themselves, to explain to friends.
Enrich classes with logical issues
In the lessons, it is very important to devote special time to logical issues and relate them to
everyday life situations. For example, through examples such as Hours, money, distribution of
toys, shopping in stores, it is possible to show students that mathematics is closely related to life.
This will increase the interest of students and help them better master the topic.
Problems and ways to eliminate them
Some difficulties may arise when teaching logical issues in elementary grades:
Lack of attention: younger students are unable to maintain their attention for long periods of
time. This can be overcome with games and short exercises.
Fear of difficulty: some readers are afraid of not being able to cope with complex issues. In this
situation, the teacher should help step by step and make positive incentives.
Student differential approach: each child thinks at a specific speed, so an individual approach is
necessary.
Conclusion: teaching to solve logical issues in elementary grades not only creates a solid
foundation of mathematics, but also develops the general thinking of students. By methodically
taking the right approach, teachers can arouse students ' interest through the use of various
techniques, improve their thinking skills, and prepare them to master complex subjects in the
future. Therefore, the process of teaching to solve logical issues in primary education should
always be a priority.
Literature:
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Pedagogika va psixologiya jurnali, 2(10), 45-51.
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