INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
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page 2124
SOCIAL CAPITAL BASED ON TRUST AND THE WORTH OF THE TEACHING
PROFESSION IS A FINNISH STRATEGY FOR COMBATING CORRUPTION
Temirov Humoyunmirzo Najmiddinovich
Researcher at Andijan State University
E-mail:
humoyunmirzo.temirov.82@mail.ru
Annotation:
According to this article, one of the most reliable real-world applications of the
ideas of social capital and social trust in contemporary social philosophy is the Finnish model.
It becomes clear how pertinent it is to analyse this paradigm within the context of social
philosophy, particularly in light of the evolution of contemporary postcolonial cultures.
Key words:
education, system, corruption, legal, moral, socio-philosophical, crime.
In contemporary social philosophy, the Finnish model is regarded as one of the most
reliable real-world examples of the ideas of social capital and social trust. Without the use of
special institutions, the "social contract" that developed between the state and society is unique
in that it is based on a shared anthropological trust rather than a national identity. To put it
another way, education in Finland serves as a moral and political institution that promotes
social regeneration in addition to being a vehicle for information transfer.
Trust as a core element of social capital – in Finland, it exists not only at the legal or
economic level, but also at the ontological level, and all social relations in society are built on
the basis of loyal conventions, not structural ones. According to P. Fukuyama, “a high level of
social trust strengthens trust in state institutions, but it is formed not through compulsory
control from above, but on the basis of moral norms formed in society” (Fukuyama, 1995, p.
27). Finland is the most striking example of this: here the teacher is considered not only as a
professional, but also as a patron of social morality, an agent reproducing the cultural and
spiritual foundations of society. This turns the education system into a tool for educating
contextual consciousness, based not on modern technocratic knowledge, but on socio-cultural
compromise. The recognition of the teaching profession in a high social status in Finland is
directly related to the value system of society, not the state. This aspect is expressed by N.
Luhmann as “the legitimization of the political system through moral systems” (Luhmann, 1990,
p. 73). Luhmann’s model has a positive connotation in the case of Finland, where society
legitimizes itself through educational institutions, not the state. Critically, the non-universal
nature of this model is evident in the context of many Western countries, especially the USA or
Southern Europe. Most sociological studies show that trust as social capital works effectively
only in conditions of economic stability and equality, which are characteristic of social
democratic cultures (Putnam, 2000, p. 137). Therefore, an attempt to automatically apply the
Finnish experience to Uzbekistan or other post-Soviet countries conflicts with the historical
layers of “formality” and “order through fear” that exist in the social consciousness..
However, the main lesson from the Finnish experience is that corruption in education can
be prevented not only by punishment, but also by fundamentally changing social consciousness
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 2125
and professional culture. Educating a teacher not as a civil servant, but as a moral leader, forms
social capital based on trust. That is why in Finland there is no separate institution of “fighting
corruption” - this task is solved by society through moral, cultural and social norms (Zufarov et
al., 2011, pp. 50-51). Thus, shaping the education system not only through legislation or
bureaucratic control, but also through ontological loyalty, professional values
recognized by society is the most profound and sustainable way to combat corruption.
This is the essence of the Finnish model: justice is guaranteed not by law, but by morality.
Corruption, as it exists in the independent Republic of Uzbekistan, has a negative impact
on the implementation of democratic reforms, the functioning of the property class on the basis
of established laws, the rapid development of the economy, the consistent improvement of the
living standards of the population, that is, the positive establishment of order and rules, leading
to deplorable situations. Many types of corruption and crime have a negative impact on our
transition to independence and the full implementation of market relations, or rather, on the
rapid development of our state. As in all countries, corruption and crime have deeply and firmly
entrenched in the internal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan is not exempt from
such types of organized crime as the "secret" economy, mafia, gangsterism (banditry), drug
business, gambling, the use of terrorist methods, and prostitution.
Corruption is currently a very urgent problem in many countries of the world. This vice
has taken deep roots in many countries and has put the internal apparatus of the state under its
pressure. For example, such countries include; "Italy, Russia, Venezuela, Nigeria, Pakistan,
Kenya, Angola, Madagascar, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Indonesia and other countries".
Although the Republic of Uzbekistan is not among the above-mentioned countries, the
fact that corruption has existed and has been noticeable in recent years is one of the real
problems facing our state. Igor Kudryavtsev, a teacher at the Tashkent State Law Institute,
expressed the opinion that “there are mainly two types of criminal organizations in our regions,
the first: groups that trade in drugs and the second; criminal organizations that aim to organize
conspiracies in order to seize power, that is, to overthrow the constitutional system.” We can
clearly and clearly show that organized crime in Uzbekistan has not two, but three forms. (We
found it appropriate to consider our case in connection with organized crime. Because the third
form of organized crime in Uzbekistan is corruption). The first: groups that trade in drugs. (This
includes the simple, medium, high levels of organized crime, mafias and so on.) They are not
only involved in drugs, but also in other businesses prohibited by the state (non-ferrous metals,
cotton business, contraband products, prostitution, weapons, etc.). Drug trafficking is a major
source of income for criminal groups.
Therefore, the drug trade is increasing every year. It is obvious that the criminal element
"Drug Business" is present in the republic and that many residents, as well as all members of
criminal groups, are engaged in this business. The fact that the Republic of Uzbekistan is
located at the crossroads of the drug trade route, creates great conditions for dealing in drugs in
our country. The proximity of Afghanistan, which is a hotbed of drugs, and Tajikistan, which
has been taking advantage of this in recent years, further deepens this trade. Not only citizens of
Uzbekistan, but also citizens of neighboring countries are trying to smuggle drugs through the
territory of Uzbekistan. Even women and children are engaged in this work. It is also revealed
that officials at border posts are smuggling drugs by taking bribes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
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page 2126
Certain criminal groups try to earn money through prostitution. They open special secret
brothels in the districts and cities of the republic, take them under their patronage and provide
them with prostitutes. From time to time, prostitutes are exchanged (from one city to another,
from the second to the third). The income from brothels is delivered to criminal groups (patrons)
through special people. The patrons protect the brothels and protect them from special
inspection bodies. (They win them over by paying bribes). A lot of information about the
prostitution trade is given in the work of the writer Salih Kahhor entitled “Daidi Qizning
Daftari”. From the first years of independence to the present, the use of smuggling activities has
been growing steadily. Unfit products have accumulated in all parts of the territory of
Uzbekistan. These products cause negative conditions for the population.
Criminal groups' dealing in products prohibited by the state is a business that brings in
more income after the drug business. A large amount of non-ferrous metals, oil and gas
products, food products, and raw cotton are smuggled into neighboring states from Uzbekistan.
This is then carried out not only by criminal groups, but also by ordinary citizens. Secret arms
sales. "This business also brings great profits to those who exploit regional conflicts and local
wars. It is probably not necessary to emphasize once again that for such businessmen, weapons
are a good opportunity to continue armed confrontation and maintain tension. Secret arms sales
go hand in hand with the criminal phenomenon of so-called international terrorism, and
sometimes even cause it. It seems that the time has come when those who want to make a
fortune at the expense of other people's blood will completely disappear. "It goes without
saying that this category of "businessmen" is the most convenient means of encouraging majors,
who can recruit and test international killers in different parts of the world, with money mixed
with blood and dirty politics"
. "The enormous wealth-making opportunities that this criminal
business creates compel its participants to do anything, regardless of the national legal system,
especially the disastrous consequences of the "white death penalty"
According to legal theory, corruption is a social phenomenon that manifests itself when
officials misuse the authority they have been given for their own personal or private gain, as
well as when they act against the wishes of the legal or physical people who gave them that
power. Political scientists define corruption as the illegal and anti-state use of the authority that
the state has given to its officials, or civil workers. The distinctive rights and abilities conferred
to civil personnel also determine the unique threat of corruption crime. Therefore, society and
the state are in grave danger if the system that was meant to uphold the law and fight crime
itself turns out to be corrupted and used as a tool of crime. One could characterise such a
circumstance as a serious and profound danger to national security.
1
Каримов И.А, «Ўзбекистон XXI аср бўсағасида, хавфсизликка таҳдид, барқарорлик шартлари ва тараққиёт
кафолатлари» Тошкент. «Ўзбекистон» нашриёти - 1997 й 95-96 бетлар.
2
Каримов И.А, «Ўзбекистон XXI аср бўсағасида, хавфсизликка таҳдид, барқарорлик шартлари ва тараққиёт
кафолатлари» Тошкент. «Ўзбекистон» нашриёти - 1997 й 95- бет
