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THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION ON CHILDREN'S EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING
Elmira Amanbayeva
Kazakh National Agrarian Research University of the Republic of Kazakhstan,
PhD, Associate Professor
Ibragimova Shahloxon Oyturaxonovna
Fergana state university of the Republic of Uzbekistan, PhD,teacher
Abstract:
This article examines the impact of migration processes on the upbringing and
education of children. Special attention is given to the socio-psychological aspects of migrant
children's adaptation to a new educational environment, as well as changes in family attitudes
and parenting strategies under migration conditions. The study analyzes the challenges faced by
migrant children in the learning process, including language barriers, cultural differences, and
social isolation. Recommendations are provided for creating an inclusive educational
environment and supporting migrant families to ensure the full development and successful
socialization of children.
Introduction
In recent years, the scale of international and domestic migration has increased significantly,
influenced by factors such as globalization, economic inequality, changes in socio-economic
conditions. Migration has a huge impact not only on the adult way of life, but also on the fate
and future of children. Especially when parents move to another area or state in search of work,
their children are forced to adapt to the new social and cultural environment. This leads to a
number of difficulties in their upbringing, psychological state and educational process.
Children often have to study in a new language, which causes problems such as not
understanding the teacher, insufficient mastery of knowledge, feeling foreign. Also,
intercultural disparity, cases of discrimination, social isolation lead to stress, anxiety and loss of
self-confidence in children. Parents have a lack of time and attention, and changes in living
conditions can derail the educational process.
This article analyzes the positive and negative effects of migration on the upbringing and
education of Children, provides recommendations on the solution of existing problems, and
considers the tasks of educational institutions and society.
Literature analysis and methods
Migration has a significant impact on family structure and internal relationships. In most cases,
the father or mother (sometimes both) goes to another territory or state in search of work, and
the children remain in the hands of relatives, grandparents. This condition can negatively affect
the emotional state of the child, social adaptation and the process of forming moral values. For
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 2473
a child, the direct participation, affection and control of the parents are an important educational
factor. His absence creates feelings of emptiness, neglect, loneliness in the child's psyche.
In addition, migrant parents are forced to work harder in the new environment and cannot
devote enough time to their children. Educational control is weakened, emotional
communication between parents and children is slowed down. This situation is reflected in the
social behavior of children-avoidance of responsibility, indifference to classes, problems with
peers, even deviant behavior may appear.
Family divorces or prolonged divorces caused by migration exacerbate negative conditions
such as mental instability, insecurity, anger, and depression in the child. Therefore, in the
migration process, special attention should be paid to the upbringing of children.
Migration also has a direct and indirect effect on the educational process of children. First of all,
migrant children are forced to adapt to a new school, new classmates and teachers. The process
of getting used to the new environment, on the other hand, is difficult in many cases, especially
when the child moves to another territory or foreign country. In this case, the language barrier,
cultural differences, lifestyle differences become a source of psychological stress for the child.
In the process of learning to the new educational system, migrant children are not able to fully
demonstrate their knowledge, which leads to a decrease in self-confidence, loss of interest in
reading and a decrease in the level of knowledge. Sometimes they face the neglect or degrading
attitude of their classmates, which negatively affects their socialization.
Teachers, on the other hand, in many cases are not ready to take into account the special needs
of such children, since their language, culture and psychological characteristics differ. In the
educational process, an individual approach to migrant children, psychological support and an
inclusive environment are important.
In addition, some migrant families consider the education of their children secondary because
their primary focus is on earning income. This causes early child labor, school absences, or
temporary suspensions. As a result, the child is deprived of the opportunity to receive a full-
fledged education.
When conducting research on this topic, various sources were analyzed-scientific articles,
monographs, Statistics, reports of international organizations and Applied Research. The issue
of the impact of migration on the upbringing and education of children is studied at the
intersection of many areas — pedagogy, sociology, psychology and Legal Studies.
Among the analyzed literature, the UN children's fund (UNICEF), the International
Organization for Migration (IOM), as well as the reports published by UNESCO, served as the
main source. At the same time, domestic and foreign studies were also analyzed, covering the
problems associated with the children of migrant families in Uzbekistan and other countries.
As research methods, methods of thematic analysis of literary sources, comparison of statistical
data, as well as qualitative analysis (contextual analysis) were used. Also, the results of
previous empirical studies were studied, the main conclusions of which were subjected to
analysis within the framework of this article.
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
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This approach provided a deeper understanding of the complex and multi-layered effects of the
migration process on the upbringing and education of children.
Result and discussion
Studies show that migration has a significant impact on the upbringing and education of
children. Children living in migration conditions face many psychological, social and
educational problems. Since their parents are often employed or are in a completely different
state, the emotional state of the children, social adaptation and the process of supervised
upbringing are left out of the way.
In education, however, migrant children may lag behind in learning due to factors such as
language problems, difficulties in adapting to the new environment, inadequate teacher training,
discrimination cases. This reduces their self-confidence, promotes social alienation, and risks
moving away from society.
In the process of discussion, it is determined that for the full-fledged development of migrant
children, it is important to form an inclusive environment that supports them in every possible
way. Educational institutions, local authorities and non-governmental organizations together
need to develop a system for providing psychological, social and pedagogical assistance to
migrant families.
Based on the above analyzes, it can be noted that the migration process has a complex effect on
the upbringing and education of children. Due to migration, gaps in the upbringing of children
appear as a result of the remoteness of parents, the weakening of family ties and a decrease in
social control. This condition leads to the occurrence of negative conditions in children, such as
emotional instability, loneliness, aggressiveness or apathy.
In education, however, migrant children often find it difficult to acquire knowledge without
being able to adapt to the new language and cultural environment. Many of them feel aloof in
the new school environment, which leads to passivity in the educational process, a decrease in
participation and a decrease in the level of appropriation. Also, teachers ' inadequate
understanding of the needs of migrant children or inability to apply appropriate methodology
negatively affects the quality of Education.
According to the results of the discussion, specific strategies should be developed at the state
level to eliminate these problems, an inclusive environment should be created in educational
institutions and mechanisms should be established that work effectively with migrant families.
Especially relevant are psychological support, additional language training, systematic
communication with parents and the establishment of social adaptation programs.
Conclusion
Migration has a complex and multifaceted effect on the upbringing and education of children.
As a result of parental migration, certain problems arise in the emotional, social and spiritual
development of children. Barriers, cultural differences, language problems, and social
detachment that are encountered in adapting to the new educational environment have a
negative impact on children's learning.
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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To overcome these problems, the following proposals will be put forward:
1.
Development of an inclusive education system-it is necessary to establish adapted
programs for migrant children, additional language training and psychological assistance
services.
2.
Systematic interaction with parents is the organization of advice and trainings aimed at
increasing responsibility for parents in controlling child education and education.
3.
Strengthening cooperation between the school and the community is the introduction of
social projects, activities and integration programs that support migrant children in local
communities.
4.
The research and monitoring system is the creation of a statistical and empirical data
collection system to systematically study the impact of migration on education and make
informed decisions.
In conclusion, in order to eliminate the social and educational problems of children in the
migration process, a comprehensive approach, a combination of Public Policy, public activism
and scientific approaches are necessary.
Main scientific literature:
Uzbek and Russian sources:
1.Akhmedova, N. (2020). Problems of raising children in the context of social migration.
Tashkent: publishing house of the Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan.
2.Khasanov, B. (2019). The effect of migration on family social psychological states. In the
Journal of Social Sciences.
3.Abdullaeva, M. (2021). Deti migrantov: problemi adaptasii I sosializasii. Journal "pedagogy I
psychology".
4.Akhmedov, U. (2022). External migration and its impact on the educational system. Scientific
journal” Social Sciences and education".
International sources (in English):
5.UNICEF (2018). The impact of migration on children's education and well-being. [UNICEF
Policy Brief].
6.OECD (2020). Immigrant Students at School – Easing the Journey towards Integration.
OECD Publishing.
7.Dryden-Peterson, S. (2015). Refugee education: the crossroads of globalization. Educational
Researcher, 44 (9), 476-484.
8.Save the Children (2019). Invisible Wounds: the impact of migration on children's mental
health and learning.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 2476
Legislative and political documents:
9.Decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan — "on measures to
regulate labor migration and social problems associated with it" (last edition, 2022).
10.The Education Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the “concept for the development of
school education in 2021-2025”-sections on ensuring the adaptation and protection of children
to the social environment.
