Authors

  • Barchinoy Togaeva
    Samarkand State Medical University
  • Mohigul Bekkulova
    Samarkand State Medical University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.ijai.108177

Abstract

COVID-19 diagnosis in the setting of ICU presents certain difficulties, as circulatory failure often masks the clinical manifestations of the underlying disease and complicates its timely diagnosis. It can be caused by typical manifestations of circulatory failure, including shortness of breath (at rest, during exercise), fatigue, tachycardia, tachypnea, wheezing during auscultation, and fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity. The course of ICU in the setting of COVID-19 has its own characteristics. Coronary artery thrombosis in the setting of COVID-19 can develop according to two main mechanisms: first, it manifests itself as a coagulopathy specific to the disease, and second, it manifests itself as a result of systemic inflammation and destabilization of coronary artery atherosclerosis in response to viral infection. The cause of the development of IHD in the context of COVID-19 is an imbalance between myocardial oxygen demand and oxygen delivery against the background of severe respiratory and hemodynamic disorders, as well as spontaneous dissection of the coronary arteries. According to data, IHD is one of the main causes of death among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

 

 

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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RATE OF DEPRESSION IN SARS-CoV-2 PNEUMONIA AND HYPERTENSION CASE

IN THE MIDDLE ISCHEMIC DISEASE FOUNDATION

Togaeva Barchinoy Musogulovna

Samarkand State Medical University

Assistant of the Department of Internal Diseases № 2 and Cardiology

Bekkulova Mohigul Abdurasulovna

Ferghana Public Health Medical Institute

Assistant of the department of propaedeutics of internal medicine

Abstract:

COVID-19 diagnosis in the setting of ICU presents certain difficulties, as circulatory

failure often masks the clinical manifestations of the underlying disease and complicates its

timely diagnosis. It can be caused by typical manifestations of circulatory failure, including

shortness of breath (at rest, during exercise), fatigue, tachycardia, tachypnea, wheezing during

auscultation, and fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity. The course of ICU in the setting of

COVID-19 has its own characteristics. Coronary artery thrombosis in the setting of COVID-19

can develop according to two main mechanisms: first, it manifests itself as a coagulopathy

specific to the disease, and second, it manifests itself as a result of systemic inflammation and

destabilization of coronary artery atherosclerosis in response to viral infection. The cause of the

development of IHD in the context of COVID-19 is an imbalance between myocardial oxygen

demand and oxygen delivery against the background of severe respiratory and hemodynamic

disorders, as well as spontaneous dissection of the coronary arteries. According to data, IHD is

one of the main causes of death among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Keywords:

COVID-19, coronary heart disease, hypertension, cardiovascular system.

Introduction:

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every year 17.7

million people die from coronary heart disease (CHD), which accounts for 31.1% of total

mortality. This figure has increased further during the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) pandemic.

This is because the main risk group for COVID-19 infection is people with cardiovascular

diseases, in particular, a population group with arterial hypertension (AH), CHD and diabetes

mellitus (DM), who are at high risk of contracting coronavirus infection, and the main risk

group is directly these patients. When studying the frequency of comorbidities against the

background of COVID-19, the following data were found: hypertension (HD) (53.8%), DM

(42.3%), CHD (19.2%), cerebral infarction (15.4%), chronic bronchitis (19.2%) and Parkinson's

disease (7.7%).

In addition, acute cardiac complications from SARS-CoV2 infection increase the

difficulty and complexity of treating patients. Thus, the development of cardiovascular

complications in patients with pre-existing heart disease or during COVID-19 disease is a very

important issue and may be a significant comorbid factor leading to death in COVID-19


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patients. COVID-19 is more severe in patients with cardiovascular disease, causing ACS

complications and in some cases, death.

Scientists are closely studying the pathophysiological mechanisms of the COVID-19

virus and its interaction with the human lung and heart. According to several sources, the AAF2

inhibitor located in alveolar epithelial cells serves as a carrier of SARS-CoV2 to human lung

cells. The first descriptions of patients with coronavirus infection, as well as previous

experience in treating patients with MERS-CoV, have led to a discussion about whether the

presence of comorbidities, including IBD, is associated with an increased risk of adverse

outcomes.

Research methods.

The studies were conducted from 2020 to 2023 in the Samarkand branch of the

Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care (RSCHEMC) and the Samarkand

regional branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific Medical Center for Cardiology. The

studies were conducted on 95 patients aged 35 to 75 years with HF and hypertension against the

background of COVID-19. 38 of the patients were women, which made up 40.0%, and 57 were

men, which made up 60.0%.

Patients with HF and hypertension against the background of COVID-19 had a large

number of and various neurotic complaints. While most of them were symptoms of the disease,

most were associated with dyscirculatory encephalopathy, a condition after cerebral circulation

disorders. Attention was paid to determining the degree of depression in the disease according

to the Beck scale. The scale has 21 category questions. Each question has 4 answers. Depending

on the manifestation of symptoms, the answers are assigned a score of 0 to 3. 0 points - no

symptoms. 3 points - maximum. The questionnaire is filled out by the patient. The sum of the

scores ranges from 0 to 63 points. In the assessment, 0-9 points are considered to be no

depression and nervous disorders, 10-15 points - mild depression (subdepression); 16-19 points

- moderate depression, 20-29 points - severe depression (moderately severe) and 30-63 points -

severe depression.

In our observations, the calculation of the points accumulated in 20 (21.0%) patients led

to the conclusion that “no depression and nervous disorders” were observed. 75 (79.0%)

patients had depression of varying degrees. Of all patients, 26 (27.4%) had mild (10-15 points)

depression (subdepression), 26 (27.4%) had moderate (16-19 points) depression, and 23 (24.2%)

had severe (20-29 points) depression.

When analyzing the level of depression by gender, mild and moderate depression was

more common among women, and severe depression was more common among men. In our

studies, there were no patients with severe depression (IV).


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Although the degree of depression did not have a clear relationship with the age of the

patients, the age of the patients with severe depression was the oldest, at 59.7 years. It was also

found that the duration of the disease was the longest in severe depression.

The dependence of the degree of depression on the stages of the disease on the

background of COVID-19 and the degree of IHD and arterial hypertension was analyzed, and

severe depression was detected in the third stage of the disease with the third degree of IHD and

arterial hypertension against the background of COVID-19

Table 1. Correlation of depression severity with clinical indicators of the disease

Description

Total

Degree of depression
0

I

II

III

Total

95

20

(21%)

26

(27,4%)

26

(27,4%)

23

(24,2%)

Women Table 1.

Relationship

of

depression level to

clinical indicators

of the disease

38

3

(15%)

14

(53,8%)

14

(53,8%)

7

(30,4%)

Men

57

17

(85%)

12

(46%)

12

(46%)

16

(69,5%)

Mean age

53,8

41,8

59,2

53,5

59,7

Duration

7,4

3,3

8,5

7,7

9,4

Stage

I

hypertension

3

3

(15%)

-

-

-

Stage

II 67

17

25

19

6


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hypertension

(85%)

(96,1%)

(73%)

(26%)

Stage

III

hypertension

25

-

1

(3,8%)

7

(26,9%)

17

(73,9%)

Stage

I

hypertension

3

-

3

(11,5%)

-

-

Stage

II

hypertension

51

8

(40%)

16

(61,5%)

19

(73%)

8

(34,7%)

Stage

III

hypertension

41

12

(60%)

7

(26,9%)

7

(26,9%)

15

(65,2%)

Angina

37

6

(30%)

9

(34,6%)

12

(60%)

10

(43,5%)

PICS

12

-

-

1

(3,8%)

11

(47,8%)

Heart failure

23

-

-

4

(15,3%)

18

(78,3%)

Arrhythmia

19

-

-

5

(19,2%)

14

(60,8%)

DVT

26

13

(65%)

7

(26,9%)

3

(11,5%)

3

(13%)

Stroke

5

-

-

1

(3,8%)

4

(17,4%)

The presence of comorbidities and complications of the disease led to an increase in the

level of depression and the number of patients with depression. In moderate and severe

depression, angina pectoris occurred in 60.0 and 43.5% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion

When determining the level of depression according to the Beck scale in patients with

coronary artery disease and hypertension against the background of COVID-19, 79.0% of

patients had depression of varying degrees, 27.4% had mild depression (subdepression), 27.4%

had moderate depression, and 24.2% had severe depression. Mild and moderate depression was

more common among women, and severe depression was more common among men.

The presence of comorbidities and complications of the disease led to an increase in the

level of depression and the number of patients with depression.

Also, heart failure, post-infarction cardiosclerosis, and arrhythmias were detected only

in moderate and severe depression.

LITERATURE:

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Тогаева Б. и др. COVID-19 YURAK QON TOMIR KASALLIKLARI BOR

BEMORLARDA KECHISHI //Журнал кардиореспираторных исследований. – 2021. –

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2.

Khasanjanova F. O., Khaydarova D. D., Togayeva B. M. To study the frequency of the risk

factors of smoking in pstients with acute coronary syndrome in young age //Science,

Research, Development. – Т. 33. – С. 29-30.


background image

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23

American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025

Journal:

https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai

page 2639

3.

Togaeva B. et al. OCCURRENCE OF SARS–COV-2 DISEASE (COVID-19) AND IN

PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES //InterConf. – 2021.

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Ташкенбаева Э. Н. и др. Связь тяжести хронической сердечной недостаточности от

локализации острого инфаркта миокарда //Наука и современное общество:

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ТОМИР АСОРАТЛАРИ РИВОЖЛАНИШИ ХАВФИ БИЛАН АРТЕРИАЛ

ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЯНИНГ РИВОЖЛАНИШИ ВА КЛИНИК КЕЧИШИНИНГ УЗИГА

ХОС ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ //ЖУРНАЛ БИОМЕДИЦИНЫ И ПРАКТИКИ. – 2022. – Т. 7.

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ГИПЕРТОНИЯ

КАСАЛЛИГИ

ЎПКАНИНГ

СУРУНКАЛИ

ОБСТРУКТИВ

КАСАЛЛИГИНИНГ КОМОРБИДЛИГИДА КЛИНИК КЕЧИШИНИНГ ЎЗИГА

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др. РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ

МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО

СИНДРОМА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ СЕРДЦА //Журнал

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