INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 95
LINGUISTIC ISSUES IN ALISHER NAVOI'S “MUHOKAMAT AL-LUGHATAYN”
Ravzatulloyeva Soniya
Student of the Faculty of Philology,
Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov
Abstract :
This article explores the linguistic theories and scientific analysis of language in
Alisher Navoi's work "Muhakamat al-Lughatayn” Navoi provides a comparative study of the
Turkic and Persian languages, highlighting the unique characteristics, lexical richness, and
grammatical depth of the Turkic language. The article delves into the linguistic methods
employed in " Muhakamat al-Lughatayn," the scientifically grounded aspects of the Turkic
language, phonetic and morphological analyses, and Navoi's recommendations for the
language’s development. Additionally, the paper evaluates the work's impact on Uzbek
linguistics and its contributions to general linguistic theory.
Key words:
Alisher Navoi, Muhokamat ul-lug'atayn, linguistic theories, Turkic language,
Persian language, comparative linguistics, phonetic analysis, morphological analysis, language
development, Uzbek linguistics.
Introduction.
Considered one of the most important works of Alisher Navoi's creative legacy, "Muhakamat
al-Lughatayn" (comparison of two languages) was appreciated as a valuable resource in the
field of linguistics both in his time and in subsequent centuries. The work was written by Navoi
in order to compare the Turkic language with Persian and demonstrate the richness, possibilities
and uniqueness of the Turkic language.
It is considered one of the most important works of Alisher Navoi's creative heritage.
"Muhakamat al-Lughatayn" (comparison of two languages) was appreciated as a valuable
resource in the field of linguistics both at one time and in subsequent centuries. The work was
written by Navoi in order to compare the Turkic language with Persian and demonstrate the
richness, possibilities and uniqueness of the Turkic language. Although at that time the Persian
language prevailed in literary and scientific works, Navoi sought to prove that the Turkic
language was also equal to Persian.
In his work " Muhakamat al-Lughatayn " Navoi revealed the scientifically grounded theoretical
aspects of the Turkic language. In his work, he highly appreciated the lexical richness of the
Turkic language, grammatical features, phonetic and morphological aspects, possibilities of
expression and showed that it is possible to create excellent works in this language. The
introduction provides general information about the reasons for writing the work, its linguistic
scientific significance and the relevance of the research.
The main purpose of this article is to analyze the theories related to language in the work of
Muşokamat ul–luqatein and to study its contribution to linguistics. At the same time, through
this research, Navoi seeks to better understand the impact of his work on Uzbek linguistics and
the general theory of linguistics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 96
Muhakamat al-Lughatayn occupies a special place in Alisher Navoi's work, as it presents a
comparative analysis and linguistically sound features of two languages – Turkic and Persian.
In this part, linguistic theories, methods of work analysis and the scientific value of the Turkic
language are more widely covered. The main areas of work and its contribution to linguistics
will be discussed in detail below.
1. Muhakamat al-Lughatayn occupies a special place in Alisher Navoi's work, since it contains
a comparative analysis and linguistically sound features of two languages – Turkic and Persian.
In this part, linguistic theories, methods of work analysis and the scientific value of the Turkic
language are more widely covered. The main areas of work and its contribution to linguistics
will be discussed in detail below.
1. Lexical and grammatical richness of the Turkic language
In his work Muhakamat al-Lughatayn, Navoi sought to prove that the Turkic language has equal
opportunities with Persian and in some respects surpasses it.
The paper provides examples about the lexical richness of the Turkic language, that is, about
vocabulary and grammatical structure. Navoi presented various words and their spiritual aspects
to prove that the Turkic language can be widely used in creative and scientific work.
2. In his work Muhakamat al-Lughatayn, Navoi sought to prove that the Turkic language has
equal opportunities with Persian and in some respects surpasses it.
The paper provides examples about the lexical richness of the Turkic language, that is, about
vocabulary and grammatical structure. Navoi presented various words and their spiritual aspects
to prove that the Turkic language can be widely used in creative and scientific work.
2. The method of comparative linguistics
Navoi followed the approach of comparative linguistics, conducting a comparative analysis of
the vocabulary, morphology and phonetics of the Turkic and Persian languages. It compares the
spelling, pronunciation, and expressiveness of both languages. Navoi demonstrates the richness
of the Turkic language in a comparative approach to the Persian language, which was widely
used at that time, showing its expressive capabilities.
3. Phonetic analysis
Phonetic features of the Turkic language also occupy a special place in " Muhakamat al-
Lughatayn". Navoi, having deeply analyzed the sound structure of the Turkic language, its
sound system, shows that it has its own complex of sounds. The paper provides examples of the
uniqueness of the sounds of the Turkic language in pronunciation and their meaning in the
expression of meaning.
4. Morphological features
The paper highlights the morphological aspects of the Turkic language – word formation, the
formation of verbs and nouns, ways of forming new meanings through suffixes and affixes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 97
Navoi emphasized the possibilities of the Turkic language to convey through the morphological
system a wide range of meanings of words and their differences from Persian.
5. Recommendations for language development
In his work, Navoi gave his recommendations on the development and improvement of the
Turkic language. He promoted the use of the Turkic language in public affairs, scientific works
and literature. It was important for Navoi to enrich the language and give it a high scientific
status due to its widespread use. He also emphasized the value of the written heritage of the
Turkic language for future generations, emphasizing its preservation and development.
6. In his work, Navoi gave his recommendations on the development and improvement of the
Turkic language. He promoted the use of the Turkic language in public affairs, scientific works
and literature. It was important for Navoi to enrich the language and give it a high scientific
status due to its widespread use. He also emphasized the value of the written heritage of the
Turkic language for future generations, emphasizing its preservation and development.
6. Influence on Uzbek linguistics and general linguistics
" Muhakamat al-Lughatayn " had a great influence on the development of linguistics and the
Uzbek language not only in the era of Navoi, but also in subsequent centuries. This work is
particularly appreciated for its contribution to the Uzbek language and general linguistics.
Through linguistic theories and comparative analysis presented in the work, Navoi emphasized
the richness of the Turkic language on a scientific basis, creating a unique direction and
scientific evidence for future linguists.
In this main part, the scientific aspects of the work of " Muhakamat al-Lughatayn ", the theory
of linguistics and the comparative analysis of the language conducted by Navoi were analyzed
in detail. These scientific data serve to reveal the richness and originality of the Turkic language.
Conclusion.
Alisher Navoi's work " Muhakamat al-Lughatayn " was of great scientific and practical
importance in the field of linguistics at one time, as well as in subsequent centuries, and served
as a scientifically sound proof of the possibilities of the Turkic language. Comparing the Turkic
and Persian languages, Navoi was able to show the richness of the Turkic language, its lexical
and grammatical features, and the deep possibilities of the phonetic and morphological system.
Navoi proved with scientific evidence that the Turkic language can be widely used not only in
poetry and literary works, but also in the scientific field, increasing the value of works written
in this language. With his recommendations, he encouraged the development of the Turkic
language and promoted its widespread use in public affairs, scientific and cultural spheres.
The scientific theories and analyses presented in this article reveal the invaluable contribution of
Navoi's creativity to linguistics. The work " Muhakamat al-Lughatayn " proves that the Turkic
language is a rich and expressive language and occupies an important place in Uzbek linguistics
and general linguistics. This work became important for the development of the Uzbek
language and culture and still remains a valuable source for linguistic research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 98
REFERENCES:
1. Norqobilov S. Alisher Navoiyning tilshunoslikka qoʻshgan hissasi // Oʻzbek tili va
adabiyoti jurnali. – 2017. – №4. – B. 33–40.
2. Qayumov H. Navoiyning ijodiy merosi va oʻzbek tilining taraqqiyoti. – Toshkent: Sharq,
2000. – 203 b.
3. Saidov S. Tilshunoslik nazariyalari: Oʻrganishlar va tahlillar. – Toshkent: Muallif, 2004. –
176 b.
4. Joʻrayev U. "Muhokamat ul-lugʻatayn" asarining leksik-fonetik tahlili // Milliy til va
adabiyot masalalari. – Toshkent: Fan, 2005. – B. 56–62.
5. Norboeva D. Alisher Navoiy va turkiy til: Qiyosiy tahlil // Turkiston ilm jurnali. –
6. 2019. – №2. – B. 12–19.
