INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 293
PREVENTION OF SPEECH DISORDERS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND ITS
IMPORTANCE
Akramov Dostonbek Ikromjon ugli
teacher of the Department of Preschool Education, Fergana State University
E-mail:
Telephone number :
+998956432898
Abstract:
The peculiarities of the preschool age and the speech defects that occur during this
period are highlighted. The work that parents and speech therapists need to do to ensure that the
child passes this period well is indicated. The impact of speech defects on the child's
development is indicated.
Keywords:
Speech impairment, preschool age, dyslalia, brain, fine motor skills, verbal
communication.
Annotation:
The peculiarities of the preschool age period and the speech defects that occur
during this period are highlighted. The work that should be done by parents and speech
therapists to ensure that the child passes this period well is indicated. The impact of speech
defects on the development of the child is indicated.
Keywords:
Speech defect, preschool age, dyslalia, brain, fine motor skills, verbal
communication.
Introduction. Each age period is of great importance in human development. Especially the
preschool age. This period plays a key role in the development of a child. Physical and mental
development is growing. One of the most common speech defects in this age period is dyslalia.
Dyslalia is a violation of the pronunciation of sounds with preserved innervation and normal
hearing. According to M. Ayupova, dyslalia is 41.5% among 5-year-old children and 22.9%
among 6-year-old children. Disorders in the pronunciation of sounds are mainly found in the
pronunciation of R, L, S, Z, SH, CH, K, G, Q, G', X , J, Y and other sounds. Disorders in the
pronunciation of these sounds cannot but have a negative impact on the speech development of
preschool children.
The presence of a speech defect requires a comprehensive approach to the child from
parents and educators. This is because the future of the child is important, first of all, for him
and his parents. In order to prevent violations of the pronunciation of sounds, it is important for
parents to have more verbal communication with the child and to satisfy emotional needs.
Speech is formed on the basis of imitation. Therefore, the fluent and correct speech of the
parents is also useful in preventing or correcting a speech defect in a child. The work carried
out by the speech therapist and the homework assigned to the child also have a positive effect
on the normal speech development of the child.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 294
In preschool children, dyslalia is not the only speech defect. More serious speech defects
can also occur. This is mainly related to the brain. Even a minor injury to the brain in the
perinatal or early postnatal period can disrupt speech development in a child. When the brain is
injured, the innervation of the articulatory apparatus can also be disrupted and serious
anomalies in the pronunciation of sounds can occur. In addition, there are cases such as a
slowdown in speech development, a delay in the emergence of the first speech units. In such
cases, it is advisable for parents to pay close attention to the child, protect him from brain
injuries, and if a brain injury occurs, consult a doctor in a timely manner.
The child's brain continues to develop and mature even after birth. These processes
mainly occur up to the age of 5. After the age of 5, functional asymmetry occurs in the brain.
That is, nerve cells begin to occupy the necessary hemispheres according to their function and
location. Therefore, during this period, the compensatory potential of nerve cells is high.
Prevention of speech disorders in preschool children is important. An integrated
approach to this process is important. The presence of a speech disorder causes secondary
disorders in the child's psyche. The main symptoms are shyness, nervousness, inability to fully
express one's thoughts when communicating. If the child's physical and mental development is
normal and, as a result, his speech development is normal, the above negative situations will not
occur. The child's communication with other people becomes easier and his mental
development is also formed in a normal way.
Main literature:
1. Ayupova M.Yu. Logopedics. – T.: Publishing House of the National Society of Philosophers
of Uzbekistan, 2007
2. Umarbekova.YA Muminova.LR Cooperation between specialists and parents in providing
comprehensive services to children with special needs 2016.
3. MRPo'latkhojayeva Clinical Fundamentals of Defectology. Tashkent 2013
4. U. Fayziyeva. D. Nazarova. F. Kadirova Surdopedagogy 2012
5. D.A. Nurkeldiyeva, MUKHAMIDOVA Diagnostics of children with developmental
disabilities, Tashkent 2016
