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THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF OFFICIAL-FUNCTIONAL SPEECH
IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
KOKAND UNIVERSITY, ANDIJAN BRANCH
FACULTY of Social and Humanitarian Sciences
Department of Philology and Uzbek Language Teaching
Student:
Ahmadjonova Muhlisaxon Mirzaqosim qizi
Email: Tilloltillol580@gmail.com
Phone: +998 93 063 23 33
ANNOTATION:
This article provides a detailed analysis of the distinctive features of the
official-functional style, one of the stylistic branches of the Uzbek literary language. The paper
examines its lexical, syntactic, and morphological structure, as well as the system of stylistic
units and its socio-communicative function. The study highlights stylistic norms and their
operational mechanisms based on texts belonging to official style—documents, laws, decrees,
and formal speeches. The research integrates both theoretical and practical approaches to
linguistics, providing applied analyses and comparisons of stylistic units and inter-style
differences.
Keywords:
Official style, stylistic unit, lexical unit, speech types, official-document texts,
norm, syntactic structure, stylistic features
INTRODUCTION
Language styles are specific ways of using linguistic means that correspond to a particular
communicative purpose and function in social communication. Each style type has its own
function, expressive tools, and lexical-syntactic features. One of the main functional styles of
the Uzbek literary language is the official-functional style, which is used in spheres such as
state administration, legislation, law, diplomacy, military, and official communications. The
main function of this style is to express legal, political, administrative, and organizational ideas
in a clear, concise, and formal manner. Through this style, various genres of official
documents—decrees, decisions, laws, regulations, letters, orders, applications, memos, and
reports—are created. The development of the official style in the Uzbek language is historically
linked to the structure of the state, the legal system, and written culture. Since the second half of
the 20th century, especially after Uzbekistan gained independence, this style has seen
significant development as the language of official documents and legal discourse. Today,
adherence to the normative, legal, social, and stylistic criteria of official speech is a vital aspect
of language policy Therefore, this article explores the unique features of the official-functional
style in Uzbek, its lexical construction, stylistic norms, and communicative significance.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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The following scientific methods were used in the preparation of the article:
Descriptive Method – General features and characteristics of official-functional speech were
described;
Structural Analysis – Speech structures were analyzed at the lexical, morphological, and
syntactic levels;
Stylistic Analysis – Based on official texts, stylistic units and their functions were examined;
Comparative Method – The official-functional style was compared with other types of styles;
Practical Observation – Real official documents and texts were analyzed for stylistic units.
Research materials included legal documents of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential
decrees, ministerial statements, documents of state institutions, and scholarly articles and
monographs on Uzbek linguistics.
MAIN PART
1. Concept and general characteristics of official-functional style
The official style is a branch of the literary language used in formal communication. It
predominantly appears in written form. In Uzbek, the official-functional speech is mainly
expressed in document language, official state statements, administrative orders, and legislative
acts.
Its main functions include: Providing information
Regulating legal relations
Issuing orders and instructions
Documenting ideas formally
Serving as a means of formal-organizational communication
2. Lexical features of official style
Words used in official-functional speech are mostly clear in meaning, neutral, and maintain the
required degree of formality. They are free from emotional content and enriched with scientific
or administrative terminology.
Examples: ―Considered‖, ―adopted‖, ―approved‖, ―sent‖, ―based on the report‖, ―employee‖,
―order‖, ―must be fulfilled‖, ―if necessary.‖ Also, international words (e.g., protocol, regulation,
memorandum, delegation) are frequently used in official texts.
3. Syntactic structure
The syntax of official speech is distinguished by complex sentence constructions, plural formal
forms, passive expressions, and purpose-oriented word order.
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
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Examples: ―This decision shall be ensured by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of
Uzbekistan.‖ ―Control over implementation shall be established in coordination with relevant
organizations.‖ These syntactic structures elevate the formality, underscore the document‘s
importance, and instill confidence
4. Morphological features
The infinitive and passive forms are widely used in official style. This creates a formal tone for
commands or instructions. Also common are modal and connective units such as ―based on‖,
―in accordance with‖, ―through‖, ―in case of necessity‖, and ―in agreement with.‖
5. Stylistic units used in official speech
Official documents frequently include:
Introductory phrases: ―Based on this document…‖, ―Taking the following into account…‖
Directive verbs: ―shall be ensured‖, ―shall be reviewed‖, ―is ordered‖
Clarifying expressions: ―in accordance with established procedures‖, ―as per current
regulations‖
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
The analysis of official-functional speech in the Uzbek language revealed the following main
features:
1. Functionally targeted and purposeful style
Official speech is primarily aimed at delivering practical instructions, conveying information,
or documenting legal-formal relations. Expression is typically clear, concise, and emotionless.
2. Strict use of normative language tools
Clarity, conciseness, and widely accepted phrases dominate official documents. Words are
precisely chosen, and sentences are typically complex and in the passive voice.
3. Legal authority through language
Official-functional speech is not only a means of conveying information—it also holds legal
power. Instructions or directives conveyed in this style carry legal weight.
4. Clear distinctions from other styles
The official style differs significantly from literary, scientific, or journalistic styles in its
vocabulary, syntax, and function. It lacks emotional expression, avoids direct personal appeals,
and maintains strict neutrality.
5. Standardized document structures in Uzbek
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Official documents follow established templates developed over years of practice, including
typical expressions, document types, and sentence structures—ensuring stability in the official
written style.
6. Expanding legal and administrative terminology
With the development of governance systems, new terms, borrowings, and international words
are being increasingly incorporated into official Uzbek speech.
7. Influence of modern information technologies
Electronic documents, online statements, and digital platforms are simplifying and shortening
official texts. However, this simplification should not compromise the formal tone.
CONCLUSION
The official-functional style is one of the most traditional and stable directions in the Uzbek
literary language. Its primary function is to facilitate formal, political, legal, and administrative
communication and information dissemination.
The research findings show: Uzbek official speech is characterized by clarity, conciseness, and
formality;
Syntactically, it features formal expressions, passive verbs, and complex sentence structures;
It predominantly serves to convey instructions, orders, or factual information;
Official texts follow a standard structure with defined headings, introductions, main content,
and conclusions;
Developing this style properly is a key area of state language policy.
Thus, studying official style with a focused linguistic approach, improving document language
culture, and maintaining a national approach to the adoption of new terminology remain
essential tasks in modern Uzbek linguistics.
REFERENCES
1. Yo‗ldoshev A. ―Styles of the Uzbek Literary Language‖ – Tashkent: Fan, 2005.
2. To‗xtaboyev D. ―Document Style and Speech Culture‖ – Tashkent: O‗qituvchi, 2017.
3. Jo‗rayev G‗. ―Speech Styles and Their Lexical-Semantic Features‖ – Tashkent: Ilm Ziyo,
2020.
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
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4. Tursunov A. ―Linguistic Features of Official Style‖ // ―Issues of Philology‖ Academic
Collection, No. 3, 2021.
5. Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan. ―Methodological Guide on Document
Management‖ – Tashkent, 2022.
