INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
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SEMICONDUCTING PROPERTIES OF QUASICRYSTALS WITH UNIQUE
SYMMETRY AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN PHOTONIC DEVICES
Navbahor Qurbanbayeva Shermat qizi
Berdaq Karakalpak State University,
Faculty of Physics, Department of Physics
Abstract
: Quasicrystals, distinguished by their non-periodic but ordered atomic structures and
unique rotational symmetries, have attracted increasing attention in the field of advanced
materials. Unlike conventional crystals, quasicrystals exhibit forbidden symmetries—such as
fivefold or tenfold rotation—that result in novel electronic and optical behaviors. This paper
explores the semiconducting characteristics of quasicrystalline materials and evaluates their
potential use in photonic devices. By investigating the electronic band structures and optical
properties arising from quasiperiodicity, we demonstrate how these materials can be engineered
for enhanced light-matter interactions, photon localization, and spectral filtering. The
integration of quasicrystalline semiconductors into photonic circuits, sensors, and solar cells
reveals promising pathways for next-generation optoelectronic technologies.
Keywords:
Quasicrystals, semiconducting materials, photonic devices, aperiodic symmetry,
band structure, light localization, optical filters, photon confinement, advanced materials, non-
periodic lattices
The discovery of quasicrystals in the early 1980s challenged the long-standing paradigm
that crystals must possess periodic atomic arrangements. Characterized by their aperiodic yet
highly ordered structures, quasicrystals exhibit symmetries that are forbidden in traditional
crystallography, including fivefold, eightfold, and tenfold rotational axes. This unusual
symmetry gives rise to novel electronic, mechanical, and optical properties that are not
observed in conventional periodic lattices.
In recent years, attention has shifted toward the semiconducting and optoelectronic
applications of quasicrystals, particularly their ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves at
the nanoscale. The quasiperiodicity in atomic arrangement leads to complex band structures,
which in turn affect charge transport, energy gap behavior, and light-matter interaction.
Moreover, the photonic analogs of quasicrystals—known as photonic quasicrystals—exhibit
properties such as omnidirectional photonic bandgaps, enhanced light localization, and defect-
tolerant waveguiding.
This paper aims to explore the semiconducting behavior of quasicrystals with unique
symmetries and assess their relevance in the design of innovative photonic devices. We discuss
both theoretical and experimental findings regarding their electronic structure, optical
conductivity, and fabrication challenges. Particular focus is placed on the role of symmetry in
controlling electronic states and guiding photons through quasiperiodic lattices. Applications
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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including photonic filters, light-trapping layers in solar cells, and highly selective optical
sensors are highlighted as areas where quasicrystals offer distinct performance advantages.
This study combines theoretical modeling, materials analysis, and literature-based
comparative evaluation to explore the semiconducting behavior of quasicrystals and their use in
photonic applications.
1.
Theoretical Modeling
We used
density functional theory (DFT)
and
tight-binding simulations
to analyze
the electronic band structures of quasicrystalline approximants—structures that mimic
quasicrystals with periodic boundaries. Symmetries considered included icosahedral,
decagonal, and dodecagonal configurations.
2.
Optical Property Simulation
The optical response—such as dielectric functions, refractive indices, and absorption
spectra—was simulated using
finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)
methods. These
simulations focused on photonic bandgap formation, light localization, and defect mode
behavior.
3.
Material Review and Fabrication Techniques
A comparative analysis was conducted across experimentally studied quasicrystalline
materials such as
Al–Cu–Fe
,
Al–Pd–Mn
, and
Zn–Mg–Y
alloys. Fabrication methods
reviewed include
molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)
,
pulsed laser deposition (PLD)
,
and
nanoimprinting lithography
for photonic quasicrystal arrays.
4.
Photonic Device Prototypes
Case studies from existing literature were used to evaluate photonic devices
incorporating quasicrystalline lattices, such as
broadband filters
,
LEDs
,
solar
absorbers
, and
biosensors
.
Results
Band Structure Characteristics
Quasicrystals exhibited pseudogaps and energy-localized states, arising from their aperiodic
order. Simulations revealed that these materials have
suppressed electronic conductivity in
certain directions
but exhibit
anisotropic semiconducting behavior
, useful for directional
charge transport.
Photonic Bandgap Behavior
Photonic quasicrystal structures with 10-fold and 12-fold symmetries displayed
complete
photonic bandgaps
over broad angular ranges. Unlike periodic photonic crystals, these
bandgaps were less sensitive to defects and maintained
omnidirectional reflectivity
.
Enhanced Light-Matter Interaction
Quasicrystalline arrangements were shown to support
slow-light modes
and
strong field
localization
, enabling improved absorption in thin photovoltaic films and enhanced sensitivity
in optical biosensors.
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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Fabrication Feasibility
Successful fabrication of decagonal and Penrose-tiling photonic structures at micro- and
nanoscale resolution was demonstrated, with reproducibility and optical performance
comparable to periodic analogs.
The results validate the potential of quasicrystals as semiconducting and photonic materials
with distinct advantages over conventional crystalline systems. Their quasiperiodic symmetry
gives rise to
unique electronic density of states
and
non-Bravais lattice behavior
, which
enable the formation of
tunable bandgaps
and
defect-immune light pathways
.
This opens up opportunities in:
Photonic integrated circuits
: where light can be routed with minimal scattering losses.
Optoelectronic sensors
: that benefit from high-Q localized modes.
Solar energy
: where quasicrystals can improve light trapping without periodicity
constraints.
However, challenges remain in material synthesis, especially in achieving
uniform long-
range quasiperiodicity
at industrial scale. Moreover,
charge carrier mobility
in metallic
quasicrystals remains lower than in conventional semiconductors, though this can be mitigated
by alloying or hybrid structures.
Quasicrystals with unique symmetries offer a promising new platform for
semiconducting and photonic device engineering. Their distinctive aperiodic order enables
novel quantum and optical phenomena—such as omnidirectional photonic bandgaps, field
localization, and anisotropic conductivity—which are not achievable with conventional periodic
materials.
As fabrication methods evolve and computational modeling becomes more sophisticated,
quasicrystal-based materials are expected to play an increasingly important role in
next-
generation photonic devices
, including
filters
,
waveguides
,
solar cells
, and
bio-integrated
sensors
.
Future work should explore hybrid architectures combining quasicrystals with 2D
materials, and the use of machine learning to optimize lattice design for specific optoelectronic
applications.
References:
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translational symmetry." Physical Review Letters, 53(20), 1951–1953.
2. Steurer, W., & Deloudi, S. (2009). Crystallography of Quasicrystals: Concepts, Methods
and Structures. Springer.
3. Zoorob, M. E., et al. (2000). "Complete photonic bandgaps in 12-fold symmetric
quasicrystals." Nature, 404(6779), 740–743.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 07,2025
Journal:
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4. Lifshitz, R. (2003). "Quasicrystals: A matter of definition." Foundations of Physics, 33(12),
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5. Dal Negro, L., et al. (2003). "Light transport through the band-edge states of Fibonacci
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