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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PREVENTIVE CARE IN PEDIATRICS
Nishonova Dilafruz Valijonovna
Andijan State Medical Institute
Abstract:
The article highlights the priority areas of preventive pediatrics related to the
formation of the health of the younger generation, the organization of medical care for children,
and the reduction of morbidity, disability and mortality. The importance of vaccination in the
control of the most widespread infections was noted, and the need to create a system for
providing comprehensive rehabilitation care to disabled children was substantiated.
Kеywоrds:
prevention, morbidity, mortality, disability, orphan diseases, vaccination,
rehabilitation, health care for children and adolescents.
INTRОDUСTIОN
Prevention has always been a priority in domestic medicine. The words of the scientist and
surgeon N. I. Pirogov, “the future belongs to preventive medicine”, perhaps, like in no other
section of clinical medicine, have received a real embodiment in pediatrics, in the system of
protecting the health of mother and child.
MАTЕRIАLS АND MЕTHОDS
In the first decade of the XXI century. The most significant from the point of view of further
development of preventive pediatrics were: a) implementation of the priority national project
“Health”; b) the allocation of significant funds for the modernization of health care; c) a decision
to allocate at least 25% of the health care budget for children's health care; d) creation of
children's health centers; e) creation of a research institute for preventive pediatrics and
rehabilitation treatment as part of the Scientific Center for Children's Health.
RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN
Let us briefly name the most priority, modern challenges for preventive and social pediatrics,
subdividing them into external (social) and intrasystemic (health care).
External (social) challenges [2]:
• poverty of a significant part of the population, which affects the health of children from
families of this contingent and the availability of medical care;
• up to 20% of the total child population is a contingent of children in difficult life situations
(true and social orphans, homeless children, the disabled, children subjected to violence, etc.);
• a change in moral paradigms and, as a result, an increase in the use of psychoactive substances,
the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections, etc.;
• low level of somatic and reproductive health of parents and related problems (increase in the
number of children with extremely low birth weight, with congenital malformations and
hereditary diseases);
• reproductive attitude towards a small family (currently, the total birth rate
8 the weight of
deaths in the first month of life began to dominate quota does not exceed 1.6), increase in age in
the structure of infant mortality. However, the introduction of organizational, diagnostic and
therapeutic technologies aimed at saving the lives of the fetus and newborn was unacceptably
late. Only at the end of the 1980s, when Academician E.I. Chazov headed the Ministry of Health
of the USSR, and one of the authors of this article headed the maternal and child health service,
did a vigorous organization of perinatal and neonatal services begin, and the implementation of
regional programs to reduce infant mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
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page 241
These efforts have produced remarkable results. At the end of the 20th century, against the
backdrop of a drastic deterioration in most indicators of the health of the population, infant
mortality not only maintained the status quo, but also showed a downward trend. This was the
only indicator in the health care system that had a consistently positive trend, of course, due to
the preventive focus of maternal and child health care.
In the crisis of the 90s. The most important events in the field of preventive pediatrics were the
presidential program “Children of Russia”, which provides for the implementation of 12 federal
programs in the most relevant areas of maternal and child care [3]:
“Orphans”, “Children with disabilities”, “Prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency”, "Safe
Motherhood", "Healthy Child", etc., as well as accession to the International Convention on the
Rights of the Child.
In the first decade of the XXI century. The most significant from the point of view of further
development of preventive pediatrics were: a) implementation of the priority national project
“Health”; b) the allocation of significant funds for the modernization of health care; c) a decision
to allocate at least 25% of the health care budget for children's health care; d) creation of
children's health centers; e) creation of a research institute for preventive pediatrics and
rehabilitation treatment as part of the Scientific Center for Children's Health.
Over the past two decades, our country has experienced a period of fundamental changes in the
socio-political entry into marriage, postponing the birth of a child to an older age;
• decrease in the number of children, especially in adolescence (more than 30%);
• active migration processes.
СОNСLUSIОN
From our point of view, the most acute problems of preventive pediatrics are:
• insufficient legal support for the protection of children's health in Uzbekistan;
• lack of a National Strategy for Formation of a Healthy Lifestyle of the Younger Generation;
• the need to change the priority (paradigm) of preventive activities from the prevention of the
disease and its exacerbation to the formation of a healthy lifestyle, the preservation and
strengthening of the child's health;
• the need to optimize (improve, improve) departments of medical and social care in children's
polyclinics;
• insufficient development of the system of rehabilitation treatment and provision of
comprehensive rehabilitation assistance, etc.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 242
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ВЫДЕЛЕНИЕ
И
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