INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 428
FACTORS DETERMINING INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF THE REGION
Alimova Sh.A.
Asia international university, Bukhara
Annotation:
This article discusses the factors that determine the investment activity of the region,
interacting system of leverage that impacts to investing activities at all levels in order to enhance
existing production facilities or advancing newly established enterprises as well as socio-
economic development and competitiveness of these regions.
Keywords:
investment activity, agriculture, investment, profit, investments, assets, property, land,
buildings, precious metals, types of payment and financial obligations, instruments, regulation
methods, investment mechanism, levers, resources, organizational, financing, borrowed funds.
Investment activity is a multifaceted and multi-level concept. As a result of the scientific
and technological revolution and the growth of labor productivity, the ratio between the branches
of material production and the service sector has changed dramatically. In industrially developed
countries, the share of people employed in the service sector is almost twice as high as the share
of people employed in the branches of material production, accounting for more than two-thirds
of the total number of people employed. The mass of social labor employed in agriculture is
decreasing absolutely and relatively.
Investments are distinguished: 1) in fixed assets (capital) - capital investments or real
investments; 2) in securities - portfolio investments; 3) public, private and foreign. An important
step towards an adequate assessment of investments is the concept set out in the Fundamentals of
the Legislation on Investment Activities of Uzbekistan, where investments are understood as all
types of property and intellectual values invested in objects of types of activity, as a result
of which profit (income) is generated or a social effect is achieved.
In our opinion, we can agree with the above definition, since, firstly, the relationship
between the processes of converting investment resources into investments is disclosed, and
secondly, an extremely broad classification of investments and objects of investment activity is
given. Objects of investment can be financial or tangible assets. Investments in tangible form are
divided into movable and immovable property, land, buildings, precious metals, and durable
goods. Investments in financial form include all types of payment and financial obligations
created by the main economic agents in the course of economic activity.
Investment of various types is carried out through investment activity. Investment activity
is a set of practical actions of legal entities, citizens and the state to implement investments.
At different stages of the country's development, various instruments and methods for
regulating the investment process are used, the set and combination of which form the
investment mechanism.
The investment mechanism is a purposefully created, interacting system of levers of
influence on investment activity at all its levels in the interests of expanding existing industries
or advancing newly created industries. The investment mechanism consists of the following
structural elements: resource, organizational, legal, motivational.
Resource provision for investment financing functions in three forms: internal financing
(capital investments), external real investments and external debt financing (loans and credits).
Sources of internal investments are: own authorized capital, deductions from profits,
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 429
depreciation, insurance compensation fixed assets, financial resources of higher-level holding
and joint-stock companies, etc. External investments also have different sources: financial
resources from republican and local budgets, entrepreneurship development funds; foreign
investments in the form of financial resources, material resources, intangible assets; direct
investments of international financial institutions and organizations; various forms of borrowed
funds (loans from the state, funds, banks, other enterprises, bond loans and bills). The
organizational block of the investment mechanism involves the creation of structures and
conditions that facilitate the initiation of the investment process, planning and implementation of
various projects, assessment and implementation of measures to improve the efficiency of
investment activities. [1]
Stable functioning and development of the economy is an effective investment activity.
The results of economic activity at different levels of the economic system are largely
determined by the scale, mechanism for attracting investments, structure and efficiency of their
use.
The agro-industrial complex and agriculture of the region, in particular, have specific
features that determine the features of investment activity in this area.
The main approaches to investment activity in the agriculture of the region are
implemented with the help of an economic mechanism. Some scientists define the economic
mechanism of the agro-industrial complex as a set of methods and forms of influence on the
economic interests of commodity producers in the sphere of agro-industrial production in order
to motivate their production and investment activities and saturate the food market. In practice,
this is expressed in the interaction of such economic levers for regulating production as prices,
taxes, credit, and finance. Their interaction determines, on the one hand, the functioning of the
economic mechanism of the agro-industrial complex as an integral system, and on the other hand,
as an integral part of the entire national economic mechanism.
The economic mechanism of the investment process in agriculture re We consider the
mechanism as a set of price, financial and credit relations aimed at achieving the set goals. It
includes the main part of economic relations arising in connection with the reproduction of the
social product and income. The theoretical basis for the formation and functioning of this
mechanism is the content of the law of value, supply and demand, money circulation, the
relationship and proportion of production, distribution, exchange and consumption. The renewal
of fixed capital as a material basis for the reproduction cycle and overcoming the crisis situation
is the basis of investment activity, which is based on innovation and other areas of scientific and
technological progress. [2]
The functions of the economic mechanism of investment activity in the region's
agriculture are predetermined by the action of general and specific factors (i.e. driving forces) of
its development. In a single reproduction process, all factors of production are closely related
and in a complex system of their actions complement each other. At the same time, due to
various functional features and the real force of influence on the level and efficiency, specific
factors have different "specific weights". Since all factors of production are closely related and
interdependent, it is often impossible in practice to ideally distinguish the impact of individual
factors on its level and efficiency.
The functional features of various factors of development and increase of efficiency of
agricultural production, their capital intensity, activity of impact on economic indicators of
enterprises and organizations allow distinguishing their separate groups. It is proposed, in
particular, to distinguish five groups of factors influencing the aggregate economic result in
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 430
agricultural production: technical and technological, organizational and economic, general
economic, social, natural. Some economists consider it necessary to subdivide technical and
technological factors into technical and technological, although in the process of production
equipment and technologies develop within the framework of functional unity with their inherent
organizational and economic support.
In the complex of factors in the conditions of limited resources, an effective economic
mechanism is of decisive importance in increasing the level of production efficiency, the
improvement of which does not require large additional resources. Moreover, a well-established
mechanism of management allows saving and economizing them. To increase the effectiveness
of this mechanism, a flexible system of material incentives for production is necessary,
mastering the tools and the entire mechanism of market competition, the mechanisms of land and
rent relations, ensuring the economic independence and economic initiative of producers in the
production of products and their marketing.
When studying the factors of agricultural production, the features and place of the
economic mechanism in them, it is usually overlooked that in the general group of economic
factors, not only the elements and subsystems of this mechanism operate. These factors also
include those that affect the level and efficiency of production through state regulation in the
form of direct budget support and measures of agricultural protectionism. The economic nature
of both levers and instruments determines the legitimacy and necessity of their comprehensive
analysis, however, with the corresponding isolation, due to the different functional role. In the
first case, we are talking about instruments of self-regulation or indirect economic regulation,
and in the second, about the direct regulatory impact on the reproduction process in the region's
agriculture by the state.
In a market economy, the factors or levers (instruments) of the economic mechanism of
investment activity, the action of which is based on internal self-regulation, competition rules,
economic freedom and the right to choose direct producers within the framework of the current
agricultural and general legislation, are of dominant importance. The entire market economic
mechanism is focused on the implementation of the principle of self-financing, which is the
fundamental principle of the entire system of commodity-money relations. Low-profit and
unprofitable enterprises are forced out of the market by stronger competitors.
Depending on the value of such an assessment, adjustments should be made you in the
standards of profitability when regulating prices, based on the principle of their economic
equilibrium. Accordingly, clarifications are needed when determining the share of agriculture in
the creation of gross and net income, as well as the share of the industry in the distribution of
budget support funds. These clarifications will be very significant, given that, according to a
preliminary assessment of land, its total price in agriculture is approximately twice the actual
cost of the main production assets of agriculture.
The existing taxation system in agriculture as a segment of the economic mechanism does
not ensure the performance of its functions to regulate and stimulate production. In modern
conditions, it works mainly to replenish state revenues, and that is clearly unsatisfactory.
In general, the current real financial situation in the agricultural sector makes it necessary
to develop fundamentally new, clear approaches to financial and credit policy in the sphere of
state support, more consistent with the laws of the market, facilitating the restoration of the
production potential of the agricultural sector.
An analysis of the development of the agricultural credit system in the transition period
allows us to draw the following conclusion. The normal process of lending for the formation of
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 431
material working capital of agricultural enterprises and for investment purposes is currently
disrupted and cannot be restored by itself, without active intervention of the state. At the same
time, the experience of using various forms of lending to rural producers shows that the most
successful results can be achieved with a combination of state support and state control using
banking structures and mechanisms.
References:
1. Abalkin L. I. The role of the state in the formation and regulation of the market economy //
Questions of Economics, 1997, N 6. P. 14-13.
2.
Abidovna, A. S. (2025). INVESTMENT PROJECTS: ADVANCED MANAGEMENT AND
EVALUATION. SHOKH LIBRARY.
3.
Бахтиёров, Д., & Алимова, Ш. А. (2025). КОНКУРЕНЦИЯ НА РЫНКЕ: КАК БОРЬБА
КОМПАНИЙ ВЛИЯЕТ НА ЦЕНЫ, КАЧЕСТВО И ИННОВАЦИИ. Modern Science and
Research, 4(2), 463-471.
4.
EI, I. (2025). MINTAQALAR VA MA’MURIY HUDUDLAR TADBIRKORLIK
FAOLIYATINI INVESTITSIYA BILAN TA’MINLOVCHI IQTISODIY TIZIM
SIFATIDA. MODERN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND INNOVATIVE TEACHING
SOLUTIONS, 1(6), 58-69.
5.
Қизи Рахмонқулова, Н. О. (2023). КИЧИК САНОАТ ЗОНАЛАРИНИНГ ҲУДУДЛАР
ИҚТИСОДИЁТИНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШДАГИ ЎРНИ.“. Экономика и туризм"
международный научно-инновационной журнал, 6, 14.
6.
Shadiyev, A. X. (2025). METHODS OF TEACHING THE “ECONOMIC
THEORY”. SHOKH LIBRARY.
7.
Алимова, Ш. А., & Шадиев, А. Х. (2025). РОЛЬ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ В
РАЗВИТИИ УЗБЕКИСТАНА: АНАЛИЗ ЗА 2021–2024 ГОДЫ. THEORY OF
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES OF WHOLE WORLDT, 1(3), 245-252.
8.
Akbarovna, N. N. (2025). PROBLEMS OF INCREASING INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN
THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION. SHOKH LIBRARY.
9.
Akbarovna, N. N. (2024). DAVLAT BOSHQARUV ORGANLARI–MA’MURIY HUQUQ
OBYEKTI SIFATIDA. Gospodarka i Innowacje, 47, 371-377.
10.
Supiyevna, B. M. (2025). G’AZNACHILIK-DAVLAT MOLIYASINING ENG MUHIM
BO’LAGI. THEORY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES OF WHOLE WORLDT, 1(5), 117-
123.
11.
Supiyevna, B. M. (2025). BUDGETING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR. ANALYSIS OF
MODERN SCIENCE AND INNOVATION, 1(6), 90-95.
12.
Supiyevna, B. M. (2025). PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION. MODERN PROBLEMS IN
13.
Bostonovna, D. Z. (2023). CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF IMPROVEMENT OF BANK
AUDIT IN COMMERCIAL BANKS. IMRAS, 6(6), 118-124.
14.
Bustonovna, J. Z. (2023). INVESTMENTS IN HUMAN CAPITAL AND PECULIARITIES
OF THIS PROCESS IN UZBEKISTAN. (No Title).
15.
Bobojonova, M. J., & Toshev, M. H. (2025). YASHIL IQTISODIYOTI RIVOJLANISH
TARIXI VA SHAKLLANISHI. ANALYSIS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND
INNOVATION, 1(5), 154-159.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 432
16.
Жумаева, З. К. (2024). РАЗВИТИЕ ТВОРЧЕСКИХ ИНДУСТРИЙ КАК ФАКТОР
РОСТА НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ: ОБЗОР ЗАРУБЕЖНОГО ОПЫТА И
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ДЛЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ УЗБЕКИСТАН.
17.
Ibragimov, A. (2025). PROSPECTIVE WAYS OF ATTRACTING FOREIGN
INVESTMENT TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY. International Journal of Artificial
Intelligence, 1(1), 137-143.
18.
To’rayevich, I. A., & AD, S. (2025). O ‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA MOLIYA
TIZIMI VA UNING IQTISODIYOTIDA TUTGAN O ‘RNI. MODERN PROBLEMS IN
EDUCATION AND THEIR SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, 1(5), 64-75.
19.
Алимова, Ш. А., & Джураева, М. С. (2025). ИННОВАЦИИ И ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ В
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ. MODERN
PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION AND THEIR SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, 1(4), 120-126.
20.
Алимова, Ш. А., & Джураева, М. С. (2025). СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ В
ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯХ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА. ANALYSIS OF
MODERN SCIENCE AND INNOVATION, 1(4), 82-89.
21.
Алимова, Ш. А., & Джураева, М. С. (2025). ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫЕ ПРОЕКТЫ:
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ. STUDYING THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE
AND ITS SHORTCOMINGS, 1(4), 81-87.
22.
Игамова, Ш. З. (2024). МЕТOДИЧЕCКИЕ РЕКOМЕНДАЦИИ ПO ФOРМИРOВАНИЮ
OРГАНИЗАЦИOННO-ЭКOНOМИЧЕCКOГO
МЕХАНИЗМА
OБЕCПЕЧЕНИЯ
ЭФФЕКТИВНOCТИ
ИННOВАЦИOННOГO
развития
ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
CТРOИТЕЛЬНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛOВ. Gospodarka i Innowacje., 43, 335-340.
23.
Игамова, Ш. З. (2021). Особенности инноватики на предприятиях промышленности
строительных материалов. Архитектура. Қурилиш. Дизайн Илмий-амалий журнал.
ТАҚИ, 263-267.
24.
Igamova, S. (2022). Ways To Organize Innovative Activity In Economic Sectors And
Increase Its Effectiveness. Центр научных публикаций (buxdu. uz), 24(24).
25.
Baxtiyorova, J., & Djurayeva, M. S. (2025). BOZOR IQTISODIYOTI SHAROITIDA
RAQOBATNING ROLI. Modern Science and Research, 4(2), 477-485.
26.
Ochilov, S. B., Tursunova, Z. N., & Begmurodovna, Q. X. (2023). Study of changes in
economic indicators depending on time using continuous functions. Journal of Modern
Educational Achievements, 10(1), 143-149.
27.
Хasanova, G., & Qurbonova, X. (2020). WAYS TO PROMOTE INTEGRATED
COLLABORATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL COLLEGES IN
ECONOMIC MODERNIZATION. Интернаука, (7-1), 66-69.
