COGNITIVE ASPECT OF TRANSLATION FROM ENGLISH INTO UZBEK ( AS A EXAMPLE OF PROVERBS)

Mohiniso  Gulomova

doi:10.71337/inlibrary.uz.ijai.75377

Authors

Mohiniso Gulomova
Karshi International University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.ijai.75377

Abstract

Proverbs expand the expressive capabilities of the language and reveal its richness, elegance and beauty. Each proverb, with its lyrical and poetic aspects, reveals the subtleties of the language.

Thus, proverbs are of great importance not only in preserving the moral and cultural traditions of the people, but also in providing useful advice in modern life, preserving the richness of the language. This article presents the translation or variant of some English proverbs into Uzbek.

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COGNITIVE ASPECT OF TRANSLATION FROM ENGLISH INTO UZBEK ( AS A

EXAMPLE OF PROVERBS)

Gulomova Mohiniso Karamat kizi

Master's student in Linguistics, Karshi International University

Annotation:

Proverbs expand the expressive capabilities of the language and reveal its richness,

elegance and beauty. Each proverb, with its lyrical and poetic aspects, reveals the subtleties of

the language.
Thus, proverbs are of great importance not only in preserving the moral and cultural traditions of

the people, but also in providing useful advice in modern life, preserving the richness of the

language. This article presents the translation or variant of some English proverbs into Uzbek.

Key words:

Proverbs, qavlun, adage, proverbium, Erasmus, culture, rhythm, meaning, context,

grammatical structure.

Proverbs are a very important folk work that has transmitted the rich culture, ancient wisdom and

life experience of each nation from generation to generation. They play a major role in shaping

the worldview, moral values, traditional knowledge and spirituality of the people. Proverbs are

extremely rich and diverse in terms of topics. Colorful proverbs have been created on topics such

as homeland, labor, science and craft, friendship, harmony, wisdom, vigilance, language and

speech culture, love and affection, as well as negative qualities.

1

The term "Proverb" in the Uzbek language is derived from the Arabic word "

qavlun

" - to speak,

to say.

2

In English, a

proverb

(from Latin: proverbium) or an

adage

is a simple,

traditional saying that expresses a perceived truth based on common sense or experience.

Proverbs are often metaphorical and are an example of formulaic language.

3

Examples of

proverbs of the Turkic peoples were first cited in Kashgari's "Devonu lugotit turk", while the

first proverbs in Western culture, the Bible (including, but not limited to the Book of Proverbs)

and medieval Latin (aided by the work of Erasmus) have played a considerable role in

distributing proverbs.

4

1

Shomaksudov Sh., Shorahmedov Sh., Dictionary of Meanings, T., 2001.

2

Hamrayeva S.B., Maqollar mohiyati va xususiyatlari, Academic Research in Educational

Sciences, Volume 3 | Issue 4 | 2022, P 1.

3

Upadhyay, Manish k (2023-02-12).

General English

. Rama publication. p. 196.

4

Agrawal, Dr K. P. (2023-02-12).

Tresure Of Book: On Poetries, Ghazals, Proverbs, Riddles, Idioms,

Jokes and Quotes

. Shashwat Publication. p. 12.

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There are many proverbs in the Uzbek and English languages. Both English and Uzbek proverbs

have been passed down from generation to generation for centuries, reflecting the values

and spirituality of society.
We all know that the grammar of the English language is fundamentally different from the

Uzbek language. When translating English proverbs into Uzbek or finding an Uzbek version of

English proverbs, it is important to pay attention to grammatical structure and meaning transfer.

Below we will analyze some English folk proverbs and their corresponding proverbs in the

Uzbek language.
English proverbs have some of the following characteristics.
Life Proverbs. English proverbs often contain examples and experiences from life. They help

people choose the right path in different situations. For example:
"Time is money." (Vaqt — pul.) This proverb compares time to money. There is no difficulty in

translating this proverb, because it expresses the function of the verb to be (is).
"Actions speak louder than words." (Harakatlar so'zlardan kuchliroq.) This proverb is translated

exactly as it is above, so there is no need to add any more words.
Brevity and clarity of expression. Proverbs are often short and concise, and their meaning is very

clear and easy to understand. They convey important information in a short amount of time.
"A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush." (Qo'lda bir qush, butada ikkita qushdan qadrli.)
"Don't bite the hand that feeds you." (Seni boqayotgan qo'lni tishlama.)
Good advice. English proverbs contain a lot of useful advice that is suitable for various situations

in life. For example:
"Look before you leap." (Qadam qo'ymasdan oldin yaxshi o'ylab ko'r.) This proverb is a literal

translation of the Uzbek proverb "Think seven times, then act."
"Better safe than sorry." (Ehtiyotkorlik zarur, afsuslanishdan ko'ra yaxshiroq.)
Universal significance. English proverbs often emphasize common life values, moral principles,

and are widely used across cultures. Examples:
"Honesty is the best policy." (Samimiyat — eng yaxshi siyosat.)
"What goes around comes around." (Qanday amal qilsang, shunday javob olasan.)
Proverbs are often based on rhyme or rhythm, so they are easy to memorize and reuse. This

makes them memorable and spread quickly.
"Practice makes perfect." (Mashq qilish mukammallikka olib keladi.)
"The early bird catches the worm." (Erta turgan qush, qurti topadi.)

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English proverbs emdiv not only moral and practical advice, but also the historical and cultural

experiences of the people. They reflect their time and the worldview of the nation.
When translating Uzbek folk proverbs into English, it is important to preserve their original

meaning and take into account the uniqueness of the language.
"Before seeing others' flaws, see your own." (Boshqalarning nuqsonlarini ko'rishdan avval,

o'zingning nuqsonlaringni ko'r)
"One person has pain, but know the pain of a thousand." (Bir kasalning dardi bor, ming

kasalning dardini bil)
"The value of learned knowledge is in teaching it." (O'rgangan bilimning qiymati — o'rgatishda)
"A good friend is expensive, but a bad friend brings harm." (Yaxshi do'st qimmatga tushadi,

lekin yomon do'st zarar keltiradi)
"Patience pays off in the end." (Sabrni vaqti kelganda to'kma)
"Open your eyes with good intentions, but be cautious with your words." (Ko'zni yaxshi niyat

bilan och, lekin tildan ehtiyot bo'l)
"Everything has its time." (Hamma narsaning o'z vaqti bor)
"Hard work is the key to success." (Mehnat - omadning kaliti)
The above proverbs are either the original, or equivalent, in Uzbek. The translation of each

proverb may vary depending on culture and context, but they help convey the life experiences

and wisdom of the Uzbek people in English.
The translation of English proverbs into Uzbek is often based on preserving their meaning.

Below are some Uzbek expressions of English proverbs.
1. "Actions speak louder than words."
"Harakatlar so'zlardan kuchliroq."
(In other words, a person's actions speak louder than their words.)
2. "Don't count your chickens before they hatch."
"Tuxumdan tovuq chiqqanini kutmasdan, ular haqida o'ylama."
(Don't rush into your plans before they're implemented.)
3. "A picture is worth a thousand words."
"Bir rasm ming so'zni aytadi."
(A picture often conveys more information than words.)
4. "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."

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"Rimda bo'lsang, rimliklar singari harakat qil."
(In every place, one must follow the customs of that place.)
5. "The early bird catches the worm."
"Erta turgan qush, qurti topadi."
(The person who starts early will succeed.)
6. "You can't judge a book by its cover."
"Kitobni muqovasiga qarab baholama."
(You shouldn't judge a person by one’s appearance.)
7. "Better late than never."
"Hech bo'lmaganda kech bo'lsa ham, hech qachon bo'lmasligidan yaxshiroq."
(It's better to do something late than not do it at all.)
8. "Two heads are better than one."
"Ikki bosh bir boshdan yaxshiroq."
(More success is achieved when working together.)
9. "What goes around comes around."
"Qanday amal qilsang, shunday javob olasan."
(The result of good or bad actions comes back.)
10. "Don't put all your eggs in one basket."
"Barcha tuxumlarni bitta savatchaga qo'ymang."
(It is dangerous to rely on one thing, diversification is needed.)
When translating these proverbs into Uzbek, their content and meaning are largely preserved.