INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume05, issue03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1245
ON THE ISSUES OF THE THEORY OF PSYCHOLOGISM IN LITERARY STUDIES
Mokhira Sadullaeva
Associate professor, Karakalpak State University, Nukus
Annotation:
This article discusses the issue of artistic psychologism in literary studies, the
author's skill in creating a psychological image, the complex and incomprehensible aspects of the
human psyche, the endless spiritual storms through words and their impact on human life, using
the theoretical views of literary scholars as an example
Keywords:
plot, psychological image, style, state of mind, artistic psychologism, interpretation,
analysis, story, genre, art, character.
In fiction, the character of a person, his entire world, his aesthetic world are described. The
creator's purpose in giving an image of the state of mind in the work is also to make the reader
attractive by making an aesthetic assessment of the logical problem posed. The presence of the
issue of the psyche in fiction, from one roof, reflects the creative individual potential of the
writer, on the other hand, covers various ideological-social and philosophical problems in itself.
That being said, when we look at the activities of World creators, it becomes clear that they,
especially Romanesque creators, bring to the fore not social problems, but the human psyche.
Because the perception of the human spiritual world leads to the realization of the social state as
well. A scientist who made an outstanding contribution to the development of psychologism in
world literature Z.Freud's services are particularly admired. His views expanded into fields such
as medicine, psychology, but also art, fiction. Z.In his research, Freud advances the idea that the
inner world is a multilevel phenomenon, that it is a difficult process to exert conscious and
unconscious mental influence on it. Adib N.Eshonqul: "it is important that hidden sensations,
experiences lying under the mind, Z.Told Freud everything about the man. In fact, these senses
were symbols of the study of Man " [1; 38]. Z.Freud's views of this kind formed the basis for the
discovery of Man and his botinian universe at that time.
M.M.As girshman points out, each of the psychological image forms has a different cognitive,
visual and expressive ability[2;159]. For example, stories about the inner life of the hero are
carried out by both the first and third person. It should be said that the story of the first person
brings the illusion of probability of a psychological image, since the hero often talks about
himself in this. This psychological first story increases the character of trust. This method is
usually used when there is one protagonist of the story. For example, a number of stories of the
writer Ulugbek Hamdam are told from the language of the author himself. ("Journey",
"Tourist",....)
In the third person narrative, however, there are no restrictions. That is, the author is able to draw
from the heroic language his entire spiritual world completely and vividly. In other words, for
the author, there is no mystery in the heart of the hero, he knows all the information about
himself, experiments. Impressions realize the connection between problems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume05, issue03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1246
In the late 20th century, interest in the study of psychologism increased and began to be studied
as an object of Special Studies. The 70s of the 20th century and beyond began to open the edges
of psychologism in research.
The main object of fiction is man. So in all periods. Because a person is a being that changes
every time and evolves into a turf Achilles. No matter what period lives in time, it does not lose
its relevance. The question of understanding and researching the human spiritual world dates
back to ancient times. At the same time, the term psyche is formed from the word “spirit”, which
scientists interpret differently. I have not yet come to a single stop in this regard. In particular,
the”Koran karim “says of the soul: "(o Muhammad), you are asked about the Soul-Soul. Say, "
the spirit is one of the things My Lord alone knows." You have been given little knowledge.
Note: This verse states that Allah has works that he did not even inform his prophets, and states
that there is very little knowledge and enlightenment that all mankind can know”[3;323]. This
verse in spirit-soul is also reflected in the worldly world. The human spiritual world is
interpreted and analyzed on the basis of this verse.
In literary studies, too, a number of studies have been carried out on the human psyche, a number
of opinions are shared. In particular, the Russian psychologist scientist L.S.In his work
“psychology of Art”, vigotovsky writes: “it will be necessary to mention the bolask – psychology,
which names the border that divides all currents of modern aesthetics into two major directions.
It will be necessary to mention the Iko area of modern aesthetics – psychology. Two areas of
modern aesthetics are psychological and non – psychological-covering all important aspects of
this science. Fexner very clearly delimits one of these two directions as “aesthetics coming from
above”. Uzbek scientists also brought scientific and theoretical conclusions to the science of
literary studies as a result of serious research and research. In particular, literary studies
compelling Eshonkulov expresses feelings and feelings in the human psyche as follows: “the
human psyche is a very wide universe, emotions and feelings in it manifest themselves in two
different forms: the first is understood, has a certain logic, has its own strict conclusion and
direction in relation to the outside world feelings. This feeling represents the attitude of a person
to society, people, the environment, and the views that have a certain understanding of this; all
this is synthesized by consciousness, that is, consciousness is directly involved”[4;43].
Summarizing the presented scientific and theoretical views, we can draw from it a summary with
the same meaning. That is, the examination of the laws of the expression of a person and his
psyche is an urgent scientific and aesthetic problem of today.
Literature used:
1. Назар Эшонкул. Ижод фалсафаси. – Т.: “Akademnashr”. 2018. B.38.
2. Гиршман.М.М. Литературное произведение: Теория и практика анализа. М.: Высшая
школа. 1991. – С.159.
3. Qur’oni karim. O’zbekcha izohli tarjima. Alouddin Mansur tajimasi. – Toshkent. 2004.
B.323.
4. Эшонкулов Ж. Рухий тахлил методи хусусида. Узбек тили ва адабиёти. – Тошкент.
1997.№ 2. Б.43.
