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A STUDY OF THE ISSUE OF ADEQUACY IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF UZBEK
NOVELS (USING THE EXAMPLE OF O'TKIR HOSHIMOV'S WORKS)
Nargiza Fuzaylova
Lecturer, Tashkent state university of oriental studies
Abstract:
This article analyzes the problems of adequacy in the translation of Uzbek novels into
English. In particular, the linguistic and cultural aspects of translations are studied using the
example of the works of Utkir Hoshimov. The equivalence of the translation, its relevance to the
context, and the adequate reflection of national and cultural characteristics are considered
important factors. The article discusses the difficulties encountered in the translation process,
methods for overcoming them, and strategies for conveying the literary text as close to the
original as possible. Scientific conclusions are drawn on the problems of preserving the Uzbek
national spirit, traditional values, and artistic style through translations of the works of Utkir
Hoshimov.
Keywords:
Adequacy of translation, equivalence, cultural relevance, linguistic characteristics,
Utkir Hoshimov, Uzbek novels, translation into English, literary translation, national spirit,
artistic style.
Introduction:
Uzbek literature is an invaluable wealth that reflects the history, culture,
and national spirit of the people. The works created by Uzbek writers reflect not only the artistic
perception of their time, but also the spiritual world of the people to a high degree. The inclusion
of such works in the world literary process and their international study is mainly carried out
through the art of translation. Translation is not only a process of language change, but also a
process of harmonizing cultural differences and conveying the national spirit. Therefore, the
translation of Uzbek literature into English is one of the important and complex processes. The
concept of adequacy plays an important role in translation theory. The extent to which the
translation of a work corresponds to the original text and the preservation of its artistic and
semantic features is one of the main indicators of the quality of translation. From this point of
view, the works of Utkir Hoshimov are of urgent importance as an object of analysis. The
writer's novels "The Such is Life”, "Spring Does Not Return", "Between Two Doors" are
distinguished by their ability to deeply illuminate the life of the people, human relationships, and
national mentality. The study of issues of adequacy in the translations of these works into
English serves as an important basis for analyzing the artistic, linguistic, and cultural aspects of
translation.
This article analyzes the level of adequacy in translations of Otkir Hoshimov's novels.
The linguistic and cultural barriers encountered in the translation process, the transmission of the
national spirit, the use of alternative translation methods and their effectiveness are discussed. In
addition, how the translations adapt to the structural differences between the Uzbek and English
languages is also studied.
Main part:
The concept of adequacy plays an important role in the translation process.
Adequate translation means the translation into another language while preserving the content,
form and spirit of the work as completely as possible. Achieving the level of equivalence in the
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1562
translation process depends on the level of knowledge of the translator, his deep understanding
of the language and culture. Linguistic adequacy - the correspondence of grammatical, lexical
and syntactic features. Artistic adequacy - maintaining the aesthetic and figurative level of the
work. Cultural adequacy - conveying national and cultural characteristics in the translation.
Pragmatic adequacy - preserving the main idea and impact of the work. These criteria are
important in determining the quality of the translation.
The works of Utkir Khashimov are mainly characterized by the depiction of folk life,
traditions, and national values. The following important aspects may be lost in translation:
Local dialect and idioms - Proverbs, idioms, and folk sayings that are characteristic of the
Uzbek language may lose their impact when translated directly;
Cultural features - Uzbek national customs, religious, and ethnographic details should be
expressed through alternative concepts that are suitable for English;
National spirit and images - The main idea of the works, human values, and the
conveyance of mentality are important. For example, in the work "The Works of the World",
there are many scenes related to national traditions, and adapting them to English poses great
difficulties for the translator. The loss of such elements can change the essence of the work.
Problems encountered in the translation of the works of Uzbek writer Hoshimov can be
divided into the following groups:
Synonymous layers in the Uzbek language may be lost in translation. Words and phrases
that do not have equivalents in English can cause misunderstandings in the translation process.
Grammatically incompatible phrases introduce ambiguity into the translation. Uzbek terms,
wedding ceremonies, and religious concepts may not be fully reflected in the translation.
Additional explanations are required to correctly convey national connotations. It may be
difficult to maintain the tone of the work. Simplification of images in translation or adaptation to
a Western reader leads to a change in the content of the text.
The following approaches are recommended to overcome these problems: Functional
equivalence method - not a literal translation of phrases, but rather finding expressions that
correspond to their content. Annotated translation - explaining national culture by introducing
short annotations to the translation. Contextual adaptation - preserving the main spirit of the
work, taking into account cultural differences in the translation process.
As a result of the study, it was revealed that there are linguistic, cultural and artistic
problems in the translation process. Although it is difficult to completely preserve national
characteristics in translation, they can be minimized using various methods. Adequate translation
of the work serves to increase the status of Uzbek literature in the international arena. Therefore,
translators should pay special attention to preserving the national spirit and artistic expression.
In order to deeply analyze the issues of adequacy in the translation of Uzbek novels into
English, it is necessary to pay attention to the linguistic, cultural, artistic and stylistic aspects of
the translation. In particular, in the translations of the works of Utkr Hoshimov, it is important to
preserve the national spirit, the artistic effect of the images, and ensure the naturalness of the text.
Below are analyses of these problems and their elimination.
The fact that some lexemes in the Uzbek language do not have direct equivalents in
English creates problems in the translation process. For example, words such as
"mehmondo'ostlik", "qadrdon", "taqdir" used in the works of Utkir Hoshimov can simply be
translated with words such as "hospitality", "close friend", "fate". However, these translations
cannot fully reflect the original meaning. Because behind these words in the Uzbek language
there is a broader social and cultural context.
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
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Uzbek literature, including Hoshimov's works, is rich in many folk proverbs, idioms, and
figurative expressions. For example, the proverb "Ko‘pni ko‘rgan ko‘pni biladi" can be directly
translated into English as "The one who has seen a lot, knows a lot." However, this may seem
strange and incomprehensible to an English-speaking reader. Therefore, the translator should
replace this phrase with a more general, closer to English culture phrase, such as "Experience
brings wisdom." The uniqueness of Uzbek literature is manifested in the reflection of national
values, traditions, and social relations. Nationality plays a very important role in Hoshimov's
works. For example, scenes such as "Conversation at the Teapot", "Memories from the Heat of
the Tandoor" or "Description of Navruz Bayram" may lose their meaning when translated
directly into English. Because such events are not understandable to English readers.
In such cases, the translator can use the method of cultural adaptation. For example, it
would be wrong to simply translate the holiday "Navruz" as "New Year", because the meaning
of this holiday is different in Uzbek and Western cultures. The correct way is to give a short
explanation like "Navruz, a traditional Persian New Year celebrated in Uzbekistan and other
Central Asian countries".
In the works of Utkr Hoshimov, the folk language, detailed images of the life of ordinary
people are important. These images should be clearly reflected in the translation process. For
example, sentences such as "Qishloqning chekkasida, eski guvala devor ortida chala borzhan
hovli" can be translated into English as "A half-ruined courtyard behind an old clay wall at the
edge of the village". However, in this translation, the national character of "guvala devor" is lost.
The correct approach is to give a more specific definition, such as "An old traditional Uzbek
mud-brick wall."
Thus, translating Uzbek novels, such as those by Utkir Hoshimov, requires a combination
of linguistic, cultural, and stylistic approaches. The translator must accurately convey not only
the words, but also the spirit and cultural context behind them. Otherwise, the main content and
feeling of the work may be lost.
Conclusion:
The works of Utkir Hoshimov are one of the great examples of Uzbek
literature, and their translation into English raises a number of complex issues in the process of
literary translation. The adequacy of the translation, cultural compatibility, and preservation of
the artistic aspects of the language are key factors in this process. Translators must reflect
national and cultural elements in their own way when translating Hoshimov’s works into English,
as well as preserve the artistic style of the language. The translation of Uzbek novels into English
is important not only as a linguistic but also as an effective means of intercultural
communication. This study serves as an important scientific resource for studying the main
difficulties that arise in the translation process of Uzbek novels and ways to find solutions to
them.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1564
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