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HEYDƏR ƏLİYEVİN ƏDƏBİYYATIN İNKİŞAFINDA ROLU
Ibrahimova Gulnara Akif g
Shirvan State College of Economics and Humanities,
Head of Department No. 3
Teacher of Russian language and literature
Abstract:
The article discusses the political activity of the Great Leader Heydar Aliyev in
literature, science and the work he did on the development of literature. At the same time, his
policy on folklore and literature was revealed. The speeches and reports made by the
outstanding statesman Heydar Aliyev at the 10th Congress of Writers, the 3rd Congress of
Writers of the Turkic World, and at jubilee events were evaluated as a means of serving the
people as part of literary education and became an occasion for the further flourishing of
Azerbaijani literature. At the same time, a new idea was put forward in the 1990s that the
works written during the Soviet period were valuable for literature
Keywords:
Heydar Aliyev, literature, folklore, developmentf
The speeches and reports made by the outstanding statesman Heydar Aliyev at the
10th Congress of Writers, the 3rd Congress of Writers of the Turkic World, and at jubilee
events were evaluated as a means of serving the people as part of literary education and were
an occasion for the further flourishing of Azerbaijani literature. At the same time, in the
1990s, a new idea was put forward that the works written during the Soviet period were not
sufficient for literature. They saw this in the elevation of other people as prototypes to the
image of positive heroes and inflating them as historical figures. Thus, they emphasized that
the mistakes made during the communist ideology were repeated in the literature of this
period in a different form. Heydar Aliyev completely rejected these gross errors and such
views in literature, and advised writers not to separate them from the time, era, and
environment when evaluating personalities and to write them as they are. Despite the
difficulties in developing the newly created state, he took great care of celebrating the
anniversaries of prominent figures of our culture, literature, and art in our country and paid
great attention to the development of all areas of Azerbaijani literature and culture. Indeed,
the caring attitude towards our folklore and national-spiritual wealth, which was an integral
part and one of the main directions of the policy pursued by Heydar Aliyev, is commendable.
The care and attention shown by the national leader Heydar Aliyev to our folklore both
during the Soviet period and during the period of independence resulted in decisions and
orders issued by the party and the government. During 1969-73, 15 decisions and orders were
signed to protect our cultural heritage. The decree of the President of the Republic of
Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev dated August 4, 2003 on the application of the Law of the
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
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Republic of Azerbaijan “On the Legal Protection of Examples of Azerbaijani Folklore” is
evidence of the continuation of this tradition.
The wise and far-sighted policy of Heydar Aliyev in the 1970s to strengthen the
national spirit, patriotism, and the ideas of Azerbaijaniness also resulted in noticeable
changes in the field of folklore. He mobilized the Azerbaijani intelligentsia, and the entire
people in general, for future strategic goals and prepared them for the struggle for freedom.
Heydar Aliyev said in his report at the plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist
Party of Azerbaijan on March 20, 1970: “... Sometimes the press, radio and television
workers are unable to adequately cover important issues related to the spiritual life of the
people[1]. Such speeches dedicated to the national-spiritual values of the Azerbaijani
people on television, radio and the press were the occasion for the emergence of programs
and articles in the literary environment of that period. At the same time, the great support
given by the Great Leader to folklore led to the inclusion of many materials related to folk art
in the newspapers “Literature and Art”, “Azerbaijani Youth”, “Gobustan”, “Ulduz”,
“Azerbaijan” magazines. In the collection, protection and promotion of the national-spiritual
values of the people, programs such as “Ozan”, “Bulag” aroused great interest among
the audience and played an important role in the development of folklore. Thus, the
widespread expansion of folklore publications in the 70s-80s, the holding of the ashug
congress in 1984 after a 20-year break The organization of the “Aşıg Parı” assembly, the
“Khari bulbul” music festival, and the holding of a series of folkloric events called “Let’s
return to Koroğlu” are also among the main development programs. By the decision of the
Presidium of the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences in 1981, an action plan was developed to
establish folklore work at the level of special requirements, which was one of the main
directions of the development of Azerbaijani folklore. The preparation of such events and
programs led to an even greater increase in interest in folklore. Among them, we can mention
the decisions signed by the National Leader on the comprehensive study of the works of folk
artists, the collection and publication of their artistic heritage. At the same time, he was the
direct initiator of the celebration of the 180th (1981) and 150th (1972) anniversaries of master
artists Ashıg Ali and Ashıg Alasgar. In addition, in order to strengthen interest in folklore, as
well as to serve the preservation and promotion of spiritual values, in 1980, the "Saz School"
was established in Agstafa, the "Ozan-Ashiq Museum" named after Aishq Huseyn Bozalganli
in Tovuz, and many folklore holidays were held - "Gurbani Saz Bayram", "Bayatı Bayram",
"Epic Night", etc. The awarding of the title of "Honored Art Worker" to Ashiq Huseyn Javan,
Ashiq Shamshir Gojayev, Ashiq Shakir Hajiyev, Ashiq Alakbar Jafarov, Ashiq Adalat
Nasibov, Ashiq Panah Panahov, Ashiq Imran Hasanov, and the honorary title of "Honored
Cultural Worker of Azerbaijan" to Izzetali Zulfugarov, Alasgar Shakili, Ali Karimov, and
during the period of independence, Ashiq Ahliman, Ashiq Adalat Dalidagli, also ensures a
further increase in interest in folklore. The great leader led serious measures during the Soviet
period to deeply study Azerbaijani folklore, develop ashug art, and promote our national
ceremonies, creating conditions for the national-spiritual development of our future
independence. After gaining independence in the 1990s, with the return of the great savior,
the development of this field was again covered by state care, and folklore collectives were
restored. At the same time, as a result of Heydar Aliyev's policy, the Azerbaijani Folklore
Collection and Atlas, various volumes of the multi-volume folklore anthology were published.
The preparation of the "Kitabi-Dade Gorguq" and the anniversaries of Dede Alasgar were
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
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carried out at the state level in the 1990s and under the direct supervision of the president.
The establishment of the Folklore Institute by the decree of the President of the Republic of
Azerbaijan dated July 5, 2003 on the celebration of the 110th anniversary of Ashig Shamkir
was the result of Heydar Aliyev's care and love for our folklore and the development of
folklore. He paid attention to every field of literature, not only to Azerbaijani oral folk
literature, and even when he was leading the independent Azerbaijani state, Heydar Aliyev
met with contemporary artists, awarded them with orders and medals of our independent state,
and at the same time, at events held on the occasion of various anniversaries, he accurately
evaluated their position in the literary and historical process and their services, which was an
impetus for the growth of the tendency towards literature and the development of Azerbaijani
literature. Because, as a result of such a policy, hundreds of artists have been awarded the
titles of People's Poet, People's Writer, Honored Art Worker, etc. As an example, in 2002, we
can cite the appointment of Presidential scholarships to 150 people who have served as great
leaders in science, culture, art, education and other fields. Among these decrees, the most
important one is the awarding of the Order of "Independence" to literary figures - Mammad
Araz, Bakhtiyar Vahabzadeh and Khalil Rza Ulutürk. Great Leader Heydar Aliyev “in order
to further increase interest in the development of literature, in 1996, at the initiative of
President Heydar Aliyev, an international award named after Fuzuli was established, and in
1997, he issued a decree “On increasing state care for Azerbaijani writers”. The magazines
“Azerbaijan”, “Gobustan”, “Ulduz”, “Literature Azerbaijan”, and the newspaper “Adebiyyat”
began to be published at state expense. On August 6, 1998, Heydar Aliyev signed a decree
“On additional measures in the field of ensuring freedom of speech, thought and information
in the Republic of Azerbaijan”, which eliminated the concept of censorship”.[3]
The speeches and reports made by the outstanding statesman Heydar Aliyev at the
10th Congress of Writers, the 3rd Congress of Writers of the Turkic World, and at jubilee
events were evaluated as a means of serving the people as part of literary education and
contributed to the further flourishing of Azerbaijani literature. At the same time, in the 1990s,
a new idea was put forward that works written during the Soviet era were not sufficient for
literature. They saw this in the elevation of other people as prototypes of positive heroes and
their exaggeration as historical figures. Thus, they emphasized that the mistakes made during
the communist ideology were repeated in the literature of this period in a different form.
Heydar Aliyev completely rejected these terrible mistakes and such views in literature, and
when evaluating personalities, he advised writers not to separate them from the time, era, and
environment and to write them as they were. Although he faced difficulties in developing the
newly created state, he took great care of holding the anniversaries of prominent figures of
our culture, literature, and art in our country and paid great attention to the development of all
areas of Azerbaijani literature and culture. Indeed, the caring attitude towards our folklore
and national-spiritual wealth, which was an integral part and one of the main directions of the
policy pursued by Heydar Aliyev, is commendable. The care and attention shown by the
national leader Heydar Aliyev to our folklore, both during the Soviet period and during the
period of independence, resulted in decisions and orders issued by the party and the
government. During 1969-73, 15 decisions and orders were signed to protect our cultural
heritage. The decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev dated
August 4, 2003 on the application of the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On the legal
protection of samples of Azerbaijani folklore” is a continuation of this tradition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 10
Literature list:
1. "Communist" gazette, 1980, February 21, No. 44 (17380) ).
2. Jeyhun Zarbaliyev https://www.medeniyyet.az/page/news/10387/Heyder-Eliyev-ve-
Azerbaycan-folkloru.html
3. Mammadova Shabnam Ali: Heydar Aliyev Issues in Azerbaijani Literature.
https://lib.aliyev-heritage.org/az/99672452.html
