INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 316
THE RELEVANCE OF DEFECTOLOGY IN MODERN EDUCATION AND THE
NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT
Negmatov Shahzod Avaz ugli
3rd year student of defectology,
University of Information Technology and Management
Annotation:
This article covers the essence of the discipline of defectology, current issues in
working with children with special educational needs, the role of this field in the modern
education system, and areas for improvement. The main areas of defectology -
surdopedagogy, typhlopedagogy, logopedagogy, and oligophrenopedagogy - are in the center
of special attention. The author analyzes existing problems and gives specific proposals and
recommendations for their elimination.
Keywords
:Defectology, special needs, inclusive education, surdopedagogy, typhlopedagogy,
special education, pedagogical innovation.
Nowadays, researchers in all fields are discovering various innovations. We should
not deny that the real hard work of a person and love for his profession are paramount. The
modern education system requires an approach that is appropriate to the individual
characteristics of a person, and it is the science of Defectology that needs to develop in
accordance with the ever-expanding needs and expected results. It is no exaggeration to say
that ensuring high-quality education for children with special educational needs and
supporting their full participation in society is one of the most urgent tasks of today.
Defectology-(from the Latin defectus - defect, from the Greek logos - teaching).
Defectology is the science of the laws of development of children with physical and mental
disabilities, the laws of their education and upbringing. The tasks of defectology include the
development of methods for teaching abnormal children, the identification of ways and
means of compensating for their developmental deficiencies, the development of general
foundations of education and upbringing, and the involvement of abnormal children in
socially useful work. In the process of developing defectology, the following independent
areas have emerged: surdopedagogy, typhlopedagogy, oligophrenopedagogy, and logopedics.
These areas study the laws of education and upbringing of abnormal children of various
categories (hard of hearing, mentally retarded, and with speech defects).
Correctional work is of great importance in the process of working with children
with special needs. The more qualitatively this work is carried out, the easier it is for the child
to acquire knowledge, skills, and competencies.
Anomaly, when translated from Greek, means a deviation from the norm, general
laws, improper development.
Severe, sharp changes observed in the physical or mental development of children in
need of special education have a negative impact on the formation of the child's personality.
1
Л.Мўминова , M.Қахрамонова.Логопедия терминларининг русча-ўзбекча изохли лугати.
Тошкент ўқитувчи-1988. 19-bet
2
V.S.RAXMANOVA. DEFEKTOLOGIYA ASOSLARI, Toshkent 2017. 8-bet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 317
Therefore, special conditions should be created for the upbringing and education of such
children, that is, they should be educated and brought up in special preschool educational
organizations and schools or, if necessary, among their normally developing peers, on the
basis of special programs and textbooks.
But we are witnessing the fact that many textbooks,
manuals and materials do not correspond to modern requirements and scientific innovations.
As a result, our teachers cannot effectively use modern requirements and scientific
innovations in practice. Therefore, to solve this problem, updating the methodological base
and introducing innovative technologies is required of all specialists.
It should be noted that the presence of research skills in future specialists is one of
the most important requirements for highly qualified personnel. Because if there are no
research personnel working in a certain field, there can be no talk of innovations,
developments, and efficiency indicators in this field.
Therefore, the lack of qualified,
creative, self-motivated defectologists working in the field of special education is one of the
main problems. We are especially in need of specialists in such fields as deaf-mutes,
typhloids, oligophrenics, and speech therapists. Most defectologists in educational
institutions do not have the skills to use modern approaches. The reason is that, as mentioned
above, the manuals, teaching techniques, and technologies they read do not meet the
requirements of modern teaching.
Also, some negative views (stereotypes) regarding children with special educational
needs still persist in our society. This slows down the process of their social adaptation and
can lead to negative attitudes among parents and teachers. In order to prevent this, a number
of measures and documents have been developed in our country to introduce an inclusive
education system. Important tasks have been identified, such as “Strengthening the material
and technical base of educational institutions in order to organize inclusive education for
children with special educational needs, adapting curricula, increasing the capacity for quality
health-improving educational services, and training highly qualified personnel for this
process.”
Inclusive education for children with disabilities involves educating students with
developmental problems together with their peers, and this direction allows for the creation of
special classes for students with physical and mental disabilities in general secondary schools
for most children. Successful education of such students requires skillfully organized special
pedagogical and psychological support and a sharp reduction in the number of students in
integrated classes.
Although inclusive education is supported at the state policy level, there are still a
number of problems in its full implementation in practice. There is a lack of adapted
environment, assistive technologies, psychological and pedagogical support, and experienced
defectologists in schools. Also, systematic scientific research and experimental testing on the
stages of development of anomalous children are not carried out regularly. Of course, this is
also one of the problems facing the discipline of defectology.
3
F.U.Qodirova, Sh.Z.Matupayeva, Sh.T.Shermuxamedova, B.Z.Fozilov, B.M.Abdullaev, Z.X.Xusnuddinova.
MAXSUS PEDAGOGIKA ASOSLARI O‘QUV QO‘LLANMA Chirchiq – 2022 17-bet
4
Healey, M. (2005). Linking research and teaching to benefit student learning. Journal of Geography in Higher
Education, 29 (2), 183-201.
5
Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2017 йил 7 февралдаги “Ўзбекистон Респуб ликасини янада
ривожлантириш бўйича Ҳаракатлар стратегияси тўғрисида”ги ПФ-4947 сонли Фармони.
6
F.U.QODIROVA, D.A.PULATOVA Inklyuziv ta’lim: nazariya va metodika Chirchiq 2022. 13-bet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 318
Based on the above considerations, we present the following proposals and
conclusions. In particular;
Improving the system of training future defectologists and organizing theory and
practice on the basis of a harmonious trend relationship;
Creating modern methodological manuals and textbooks and increasing digital
resources;
Improving the infrastructure and creating sufficient amenities for the gradual and
high-quality implementation of inclusive education;
Continuously conducting propaganda work to increase the culture of special
education in society and eliminate stereotypes;
Improving pedagogical approaches based on scientific research and statistical
analysis.
In conclusion, the field of defectology is one of the important areas of social development
and the education system, and it is of immense importance in ensuring the comprehensive
development of children with special educational needs. If the research, reforms, and
experimental work in the field are carried out in a coherent manner, we believe that we will
achieve the main goals of the science.
Used literature:
1. Л.Мўминова , M.Қахрамонова.Логопедия терминларининг русча-ўзбекча изохли
лугати. Тошкент ўқитувчи-1988.
2. V.S.RAXMANOVA. DEFEKTOLOGIYA ASOSLARI, Toshkent 2017.
3. F.U.Qodirova, Sh.Z.Matupayeva, Sh.T.Shermuxamedova, B.Z.Fozilov, B.M.Abdullaev,
Z.X.Xusnuddinova. MAXSUS PEDAGOGIKA ASOSLARI O‘QUV QO‘LLANMA
Chirchiq – 2022.
4. Healey, M. (2005). Linking research and teaching to benefit student learning. Journal of
Geography in Higher Education, 29 (2), 183-201
5. Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2017 йил 7 февралдаги “Ўзбекистон
Респуб ликасини янада ривожлантириш бўйича Ҳаракатлар стратегияси
тўғрисида”ги ПФ-4947 сонли Фармони.
6. F.U.QODIROVA, D.A.PULATOVA Inklyuziv ta’lim: nazariya va metodika Chirchiq
2022.
