INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 840
DIFFERENT METHODS USED BY TEACHERS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Mavlonova Zulayho Allamurod kizi
Student at the University of Information Technology and Management,
Karshi, Kashkadarya, Uzbekistan
Annotation:
This article analyzes the various teaching methods used by teachers in primary
education. The advantages and disadvantages of using interactive, innovative and traditional
methods, taking into account the age characteristics, interests and needs of students in the
modern education system, are discussed. The importance of using different methods together
to increase the effectiveness of teaching is emphasized.
Keywords:
Primary education, teaching methods, interactive methods, innovative methods,
traditional methods, learning process, effectiveness.
Introduction
Primary education is an important stage of education, which lays the foundation for a child's
success in subsequent stages of education. Therefore, the effective organization of the
teaching process in primary grades is of great importance. In this process, teachers use
various teaching methods. This article analyzes the various methods used in primary
education, their advantages and disadvantages.
One of the leading tasks in the "National Program for Personnel Training" of the Republic of
Uzbekistan is to systematically improve, with scientific and methodological support, a new
model of continuing education aimed at improving education, updating the content of
education, and ensuring the mental and intellectual development of the younger generation.
In increasing the effectiveness of the "National Program for Personnel Training", the
provision of the continuing education system with pedagogical and information technologies
is of particular importance. This process is associated with ensuring continuity between
grades 1-4. Today, information technologies, which are widely used in the educational
process, are a driving force in the educational process or a set of measures that update the
professional activities of the teacher towards a specific predetermined goal and guarantee the
final result in education.
Main part
Method is derived from the Greek word "methodos", which means a way of research or
knowledge, theory, teaching. The educational method (method) can be defined as a specific
system and regulated guidance for organizing the joint activities of the learner and the
educator, aimed at a specific goal. We can consider the educational model as a structure for
implementing the educational process, which is carried out using one or more educational
methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 841
The educational method is a specific system of guidance for organizing the joint activities of
the learner and the educator, aimed at a specific goal. The educational method is a set of
interconnected methods of activity of the teacher and students, aimed at achieving
educational goals at a modern level.
The pedagogical meaning of the concept of method is to equip with knowledge, skills,
qualifications and apply them in practice.
It is recommended to study teaching methods in the following types:
1. Methods related to teacher activity;
2. Methods related to student activity.
1. Traditional methods
Traditional methods mainly include methods such as lectures, explanations, conversations,
and working with books. These methods have been used for a long time and have their
advantages. For example, the lecture method allows you to convey a large amount of
information in a short time. However, these methods can limit the activity of students.
2. Innovative methods
Innovative methods include methods such as project methods, case studies, brainstorming,
clusters, and debates. These methods help develop students' independent thinking, creative
activity, and collaborative skills. Innovative methods make the learning process interesting
and effective.
3. Interactive methods
Interactive methods ensure the active participation of students in the learning process. These
methods include methods such as games, role-playing, working in groups, and solving
problem situations. Interactive methods increase students' interest in learning and develop
their skills in working together. "Interactive methods are methods that serve to establish
cooperation between students and teachers in the educational process, increase activity,
effectively master knowledge by students, and develop their personal qualities. Interactive
methods include "Brainstorming", "Discussion", "BBB", "Boomerang", "Venn Diagram",
"Video Puzzle", "Matchboxes", "Single Circle", "Fan", "Ingenious", "Zinama-zina" and other
methods. The knowledge acquired in the lesson is reinforced through these methods.
4. Using different methods together
To increase the effectiveness of teaching, it is advisable to use different methods together.
For example, after explaining a new topic through the lecture method, interactive games can
be used to consolidate students' knowledge.
Storytelling is widely used in teaching social and humanitarian subjects. Storytelling is a
concise, short and consistent presentation by the teacher of evidence, events and incidents
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 842
related to the newly discussed topic in whole or in parts, through figurative description (the
presentation should last 10-12 minutes in primary grades).
During the storytellers, it is necessary to pay special attention to asking questions and using
visual aids so that students do not remain passive listeners, but rather to increase their activity,
attract their attention to the topic, and ensure that they think about events and incidents.
The conversation method is often also called the question-and-answer method. Because the
organization of the educational process based on this method is mainly carried out in the form
of questions and answers. The conversation method creates a certain activity in students, and
in the process of finding an answer to the given question, the student thinks, expresses his
personal opinion, and tries to prove it. This improves their thinking skills.
In the educational process, introductory, main and final conversations are also used on the
topic being studied. A conversation is also organized to determine the level of mastery of the
new topic by students.
Another method used in the primary school classroom is educational methods. The
educational method is a way to achieve the goal of education. When applied to school
practice, this method is a method that affects the consciousness, will, emotions and behavior
of the student. Along with teaching students lessons, that is, providing education, it is
necessary to simultaneously conduct the educational process for students. The words
education and upbringing are inextricably linked. Therefore, the process of educating
students is carried out by their teacher.
The methods of education are as follows:
1. Methods of forming social consciousness;
2. Methods of habituation and training in activity;
3. Methods of encouragement and punishment in education.
The task of the first group of methods is to form in students an understanding of sociality,
social consciousness, morality, labor relations, laws and norms.
The task of the second group of methods is to form habits of spiritual content.
The main task of the third group of methods is that in this educational process, the focus is on
encouraging the positive qualities of students' behavior, social morality, and correcting or
preventing negative qualities.
A teacher teaching subjects in primary school should be a true creator, encourage the
student's activity aimed at listening, understanding, free and independent thinking,
comparison, differentiation, differentiation and classification of the subject, control and
manage the formation of skills and abilities to convey their thoughts and ideas to others. He
should also be engaged in the moral and spiritual education of young people, instill in them
such necessary qualities as oriental communication etiquette, respect for our national
traditions, and a sense of love for the Motherland. Organizing lessons in new modern forms
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 843
and methods, and being able to purposefully manage students in the lesson process are
currently considered the main criteria for teaching activities.
Conclusion
The conclusion is that the use of various teaching methods in primary education helps to
make the learning process effective and interesting. It is advisable for teachers to choose
different methods and use them together, taking into account the age characteristics, interests
and needs of students. This increases students' interest in learning and contributes to their all-
round development.
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Class. Web of Scholars: Multidimensional Research Journal, 1(8), 160-167.
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