Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
211
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
211-216
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
This article presents the synthesis of semiconductor polymer materials and their use in photovoltaic
technology, the study of one of the promising semiconductors, polyaniline, titanium dioxide deposited on
one side on a transparent special glass plate and impregnated with a dye, solar cells obtained based on
dyes that are sensitive to sunlight and the power generated by them, the values of voltage and current were
measured.
K
EYWORDS
Semiconductor, solar cells, polyaniline, dyes sensitive to sunlight.
I
NTRODUCTION
Solar energy is one of the renewable alternative
energy sources. As the world's demand for energy
increases year on year, so do the energy
challenges [1].
The first problem facing the economic
development of all countries of the world is the
efficient use of solar energy. Since solar energy is
an abundant and completely free alternative raw
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Research Article
TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING INORGANIC AND ORGANIC
SEMICONDUCTOR COMPOUNDS FOR SOLAR CELLS
Submission Date:
June 14, 2023,
Accepted Date:
June 19, 2023,
Published Date:
June 24, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-37
Tursunova Nargiza Samaritdinovna
PhD, Samarkand State University, 140100, Samarkand, Republic of Uzbekistan
Shukurov Sardor Salimovich
Student, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Republic of Uzbekistan
Asatova Marjona Otabekovna
Student, Samarkand State University, Samarkand, Republic of Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
212
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
211-216
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
material. It is important to create cheap and
promising solar cells based on organic
semiconductor materials [2-4].
This will be the basis for the large-scale use of
solar energy and the supply of cheap electricity
[5-9].
Semiconductor polymers are organic compounds
that do not contain metal atoms, but their level of
electrical conductivity overlaps the conduction
region of inorganic semiconductors and reaches
the limits of the conductivity of metals [6-11].
Since the properties of semiconductor polymers
are similar to those of inorganic semiconductors,
they are called "smart" polymers. In recent years,
the Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded
for research in the field of semiconductor
polymers, and the production of solar cells based
on polymer materials by synthesizing these
semiconductor polymer materials and studying
their photochemical properties leads to the rapid
development of the entire electrical industry [12-
16].
Experimental part
At present, there is a growing interest in research
on the synthesis of semiconductor polymer
materials and their use in photovoltaic
technology.
Especially
polyaniline,
polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, etc.
Polyaniline is considered one of the most
promising semiconductors, due to the ease of
synthesis, the low cost of the initial monomer and
the possibility of replacing them, the polymer is
produced depending on the acidity of the
medium, the degree of oxidation of the polymer
backbone, physicochemical properties and
structure particles.
Synthesis of inorganic and organic dyes for solar
cells based on dyes sensitive to sunlight,
formation of a microlayer coated with new
semiconductor oxides ТiО2 or ZnO, selection of a
special transparent glass with one conductive
side, preparation of solutions of iodine in
potassium iodide as an electrolyte, scientific
research was also carried out in areas such as
improving the photochemical stability and
complete energy conversion, i.e., the efficiency of
solar cells based on photosensitive dyes that
convert visible and infrared rays into electrical
energy.
The principle of operation of solar cells based on
dyes that are sensitive to sunlight can be
compared with artificial photosynthesis, since in
this case sunlight (photon) is absorbed by the dye
absorbed into the material of the semiconductor
microlayer and moves electrons, and the place of
electrons is transferred by electrolyte solutions
with a calculated oxidative - recovery potential.
Sunlight Sensitive Dye Solar Cells are a
technology used to generate electricity in wide
light, indoor and outdoor environments, allowing
the user to convert artificial and natural light into
electricity to power a wide range of electronic
devices.
The basic operating cycle of solar cells based on
sunlight-sensitive dyes can be briefly described
as follows with photochemical reactions: After
absorbing light, the dye donates electrons to the
TiO2 semiconductor coating, a dye devoid of
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
213
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
211-216
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
electrons takes electrons from a solution of iodine
in potassium iodide. A solution of iodine in
potassium iodide, i.e. the iodine ion, having
donated its electrons to the colouring matter,
restores electrons through the cathode. Here S-
colourant, hv-
a beam of light, ТiО2
-
semiconductor oxide layer.
photoanode: S + hv → S* –
absorption of light by
paint;
paint: S*→S+ + е–
(ТiО2) –
electron loss;
2S+ + 3I
–
→ 2S + I3–
–
recover lost electron;
cathode: I3
–
+ 2е–(Г) → 3I–
–
recovery of a lost
electrolyte electrolyte; I3
–
+ 2е–(ТiО2) → 3I–
+
ТiО2 –
recovery of a lost electrolyte electrolyte;
comprehensive view of the process: е–(Г) + hv →
е–(ТiО2).
Results and Discussion
Check with a multimeter DT 9205A which side of
a transparent glass plate is transparent. Take one
of the glass plates with the conductive side
marked, rinse it thoroughly with a solution of
ethyl alcohol, and then wipe it with a clean, dry
cloth. One of the two glass plates is transferred to
the conductive side and coated with a pre-
prepared titanium dioxide paste to form a
microlayer Figure 1. As a result, it is dried in an
oven at appropriate temperatures from one hour
to three hours. The purpose of drying is to
increase the porosity of the titanium dioxide-
coated photoactive coating by losing water and
moisture and to achieve greater absorption of dye
solutions.
Figure 1. Titanium dioxide is deposited on one side of a transparent special glass plate and
immersed in dye
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
211-216
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Figure 2. Measurement of the voltage and current values of solar cells based on photosensitive
dyes and the power they produce
The other side of the cleaned special transparent
glass plate was treated with pure graphite and
covered with a micro-layer of paint. Both glass
plates were sealed with plastic film to leave free
space on one side. In the next process, a glass
plate taken from an oven was immersed in a
container with a dye solution. The dye absorbed
into the pores of a coating consisting of titanium
dioxide deposited on a glass plate was immersed
in the solution until the substance was saturated.
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
211-216
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Figure 3. A general technological scheme of a solar cell based on dyes that are sensitive to sunlight
has been assembled
1- sun rays entering the system, 2- single-sided
transparent conductor, special glass, 3- titanium
dioxide coating 4- colouring matter sensitive to
sunlight, 5- electrolyte solution 6- photoanodic
coating consisting of graphite, 7- accumulative
power.
In the next step, the glass plate coated with
titanium dioxide removed from the solution was
washed with ethyl alcohol and wiped with a clean
cotton cloth, the second glass plate coated with
graphite and the glass plate wetted are connected
together on top of each other, the part that
remains open and clean is shown and fixed with
each other by forming a contact, and measuring
work are carried out.
C
ONCLUSION
The photochemical reactions of the main working
cycle of solar cells based on light-sensitive dyes
are described, titanium dioxide was coated on one
side of a transparent special glass plate and
impregnated with dye, Experiments were carried
out to measure the voltage and current values of
solar cells obtained based on photosensitive dyes,
and the power generated by them, the assembled
general technological scheme of a solar cell
operating on the basis of light-sensitive dyes were
developed.
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