Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
172
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
172-175
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Code mixing (or transitioning from one code arrangement to another) is one of the hottest topics in
contemporary linguistics. Kodlar aralashuvi is the transliteration of the English term code mixing (or code-
switching), which first appeared in 1970s English linguistics. Prior to the use of this term, R. Yakobson
drew attention to th
is phenomenon: “Any general code is multi
-form, it is a hierarchical (stepped) set of
different subcodes freely chosen by the speaker according to the function of the message, the relationship
between the addressee and the interlocutors.”
K
EYWORDS
Code mixing, code-switching, culture, communication, discourse, subcode.
I
NTRODUCTION
The phenomenon of code mixing has been studied
by P. Auer (Auer, 1998), K. Myers-Scotton (Myers-
Scotton, 1993), Sh. Poplack (Poplack, 1980), and
B. It has been analyzed from sociolinguistic,
psycholinguistic, and linguistic perspectives by
Rampton
(Rampton,
1995)
and
other
researchers. The sociolinguistic study of code
switching explains why individuals transition
from one code arrangement to another during
communication. In the psycholinguistic approach
to the phenomenon of code switching, which
aspects of the linguistic potential of learners lead
to code switching are determined. The linguistic
approach of code mixing investigates the
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Research Article
CODE MIXING IN DISCOURSE
Submission Date:
June 10, 2023,
Accepted Date:
June 15, 2023,
Published Date:
June 20, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-29
Shoira Usmanova
Professor, Doctor Of Philological Sciences, Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
173
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
172-175
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
distinctions between genuine code switching and
lexical units acquired in speech from another
language.
According to their functions, the codes and
subcodes that comprise the socio-communicative
system are divided. Based on the communication
conditions, this indicates that the same
population of speakers who make up this
language group use a common set of
communication tools. For instance, if we are
discussing the subcodes of the literary language,
then the owners of the literary language will be
required to use the scientific method in scientific
activities,
in
the
correspondence
of
administrative
bodies,
in
business,
in
jurisprudence, and in religious ceremonies, in the
religious-propaganda style. In other words, the
speaker utilizes a variety of linguistic resources
depending on the context of communication.
In cultures where two or more languages are
spoken, a picture quite similar to this one can be
observed. People who are fluent in two or more
languages typically “split” their linguistic
repertoire in accordance with the setting in which
they are communicating. For example, while they
are interacting with members of the governing
div, they will speak one language, but when they
are going about their daily lives, such as at home
or with their neighbors, they will speak the other
language. In this instance as well, one code
arrangement is transferred to another code
arrangement; but, in contrast to the scenario
shown in the first example, the code is presented
in this instance in the form of distinct languages
rather than as variations of the same language.
The process of switching from one code
arrangement to another code arrangement, which
occurs when a speaker shifts from one language
(or language varieties, dialect, or style) to another
type of language based on the conditions of the
conversation, is known as code switching.
Why is the speaker required to transition from
one code arrangement to another code
arrangement when the conditions of the
communication change? A change in the
addressee, or the person who is being spoken to
by the speaker, is one example of a situation that
can result in code mixing. Even if they’ve been
speaking another language or both languages
during the conversation, if the addressee only
knows one of the two languages that the speaker
is fluent in, the interlocutors will switch to the
language that the addressee is familiar with at the
end of the conversation, even if they’ve been
speaking the other language or both languages
throughout the interaction. For instance, during
my time working at Indiana University in the
United States of America, I was required to speak
Uzbek, Russian, and English depending on the
circumstances. When I was with other Uzbeks, it
seemed naturally for me to speak in their
language. I automatically switch to using Russian
whenever a Kazakh or Kyrgyz joins the
conversation. This is because an Uzbek can
understand Kazakh or Kyrgyz, but speakers of
Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and other Central Asian
languages do not completely grasp Uzbek. Or, if an
American participates in the conversation when it
is being carried on in Russian, the participants are
obligated to switch to English. Code mixing can
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
174
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
172-175
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
also be caused by shifts in the number of people
involved in the conversation. When a third
individual who is only fluent in one language joins
in on a conversation that is already taking place
between two speakers, this kind of situation
arises.
Altering the role of the speaker is another one of
the elements that can contribute to code mixing.
For instance, a Khorezm speaker in the role of a
father or mother living in Tashkent speaks
Khorezm dialect in the family or when
communicating with fellow citizens, but he is
obligated to use one of the normative forms of the
literary language at work, when addressing
administrative bodies, and even in everyday life.
This is because Khorezm is the official language of
Uzbekistan. In the event that such a code change
does not take place, they will not be understood
by their coworkers at the workplace or
representatives of management bodies, and they
will not be able to achieve their goal (conseration
of the application or complaint), which means
that they will experience a failure in their ability
to communicate.
The topic of communication also affects the
choice of codes. For instance, when a linguist is
giving a lecture or debating with other linguists,
he will utilize a scientific approach that is
constructed
of
linguistic
terminology.
Nevertheless, another subcode shift takes place
when the focus shifts to day-to-day activities.
The ability to switch codes reveals not just a high
degree of proficiency in the language (or language
subcodes), but also a particular level of
communication and culture. The mechanism of
code mixing makes the process of people easily
understanding and communicating with one
another through speech. On the other hand, an
individual's inability to disperse his speech
appropriately
in
accordance
with
the
circumstances of the communication might lead
to the individual being regarded as an outlier and
to communicative problems.
Code mixing is divided into two types by J.Blom
and J.Gamperts: the situational switching of codes
and the metaphorical switching of codes.
1. Situational switching of codes. When one
person in a conversation shifts from speaking one
language to speaking another, but the subject
matter of the conversation remains the same, this
is an example of code mixing. The formality or
lack of formality of the context influences the
speaker's choice of language as well as the
accessible forms of language.
2. Metaphorical switching of codes. It is not
necessary to completely alter the social setting;
rather, there must be a shift in one of the social
setting's components, such as the subject matter
of the conversation or the manner in which social
and communication boundaries are broken down
between interlocutors.
In addition to what has been stated, the shift from
one code arrangement to another code
arrangement can also be witnessed in the
blending of verbal and non-verbal modes of
communication. As a direct result of this, when
meeting one another, Japanese people are
required to bow, whereas Americans typically
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
175
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
172-175
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
only exchange verbal welcomes. For instance, a
Japanese person who currently resides in the
United States would respond in English “How do
you do?” and then proceed to bow in the
traditional Japanese manner. As a result of this, it
is clear that the Japanese entirely translated the
component of his non-verbal communication
system to the concept espoused by the Americans.
The novel “War and Peace” by L.N.Tolstoy is a
good example of the transition from one code
system to another code system because it is
feasible to show the substitution of the Russian
language for the French language (or vice versa)
in the speech of the Russian aristocrats. This is an
example of the transfer from one code system to
another code system in fiction.
Therefore, the movement from one language (or
language subcodes) to another in the speech of a
learner or somediv with significant linguistic
capacity is classified as the phenomena known as
code mixing. The interplay of two different
language systems can lead to a phenomenon
known as code mixing. When someone mixes
codes, they are attempting to communicate
extralinguistic information such as their social
standing, level of education, or membership in a
given social class through the message that they
are sending. The investigation of the process of
code mixing is of utmost significance to the
growth of subjects such as linguistics,
sociolinguistics,
psycholinguistics,
and
intercultural communication, amongst others.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Blom Jan-Petter, Gumperz John J. Social
meaning in linguistic structures: Code
switching in northern Norway. In J. J.
Gumperz and D. Hymes. Directions in
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–
New York: Holt, Rinehart,
and Winston, 1972.
2.
Gumperz John J. Discourse Strategies. -
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1982.
–
225 p.
3.
Ismatullaeva, N. R. (2020). Methods Of
Elimination Of Lexical Gaps In Translation (on
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Scientific Bulletin of Namangan State
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Usmanova, S. (2022). The importance of
nonverbal
means
in
intercultural
communication.
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