Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
285
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
285-292
SJIF
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MPACT
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(2021:
5.478
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(2022:
5.636
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6.741
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OCLC
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1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The article presents research on the reading and understanding skills of the text and their results. It focuses
on the development of skills in working with dictionaries in the analysis of literary texts. The problems and
solutions related to the fact that the misunderstanding of classical texts by readers leads to their lack of
interest in the literature of this period were studied.
K
EYWORDS
Text, reading comprehension, working with a dictionary, questions and tasks, classical texts, literary text,
native language lessons
I
NTRODUCTION
The development of a country depends on the
quality of education provided to its youth and the
skills and qualifications of its students. Among the
international requirements for the evaluation of
the quality of education, the main attention is paid
to reading literacy and the ability to understand
the text. In particular, international evaluation
studies examine the levels of formation of life
skills in students in various aspects. Including the
reading literacy of students. As you know, reading
literacy requires working on the text. Educational
tasks designed to work with texts in world
experience are often linked to dictionaries.
It is envisaged that our country will participate in
the international evaluation program. In it, the
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
THE USE OF DICTIONARIES IN READING AND
UNDERSTANDING LITERARY TEXTS IN NATIVE LANGUAGE
LESSONS
Submission Date:
September 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
September 25, 2023,
Published Date:
September 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-09-46
Ibodova Mamlakat
Teacher Of Native Language And Literature Of A Non-State Educational Institution "Everest", Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
286
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
285-292
SJIF
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OCLC
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1368736135
reading literacy of students is also checked. From
this point of view, the issue of developing
students' reading literacy has become the main
goal of mother tongue and literature education
today. Only if educational dictionaries are used
effectively in the course of the lesson, the rate of
development of students' reading literacy and
text processing skills will increase.
After all, "In order for our young people to
become independent thinkers, have high
intellectual and spiritual potential, become
people who are equal to their peers on a global
scale in any field, and become happy, our state
and society must use all the strength and we will
mobilize our capabilities " [1], it is emphasized
that mother tongue education has the urgent task
of educating the youth of our country to become
independent thinkers who can express their
opinion freely and literately orally and in writing
. For some reason, educational dictionaries are
not used effectively in the "Mother tongue"
lessons of general secondary schools and in
higher education, which causes Uzbek students
not to know their mother tongue perfectly and to
be unable to use it effectively. is dying.
The issue of educational content is one of the
oldest and at the same time one of the most
urgent issues in the history of mankind. This is
natural, of course. Because people have always
been looking for an answer to the important
question "What should be taught?" in all periods
of development, and this process continues. The
concept of educational content is interpreted
differently. I. Ya. Lerner [2] and some scientists
such as MN Skatkin [3] understand educational
content as part of a rich social experience selected
for learning and methodically worked out for
students' mastery, while another group of
scientists considers it to be studied along with
this concept. also understands the methods.
Teaching of the mother tongue in our republic
was based on the competence approach, on the
basis of basic competences separate competences
for each subject were developed and put into
practice. Speaking and linguistic competences
were selected for the subject of the Uzbek
language, teaching all levels of the language was
based on these two criteria. Adapting the
knowledge, skills and qualifications of the
students from their mother tongue to the
international assessment systems, and training
based on these requirements is underway. The
authors of the textbook correctly separate the
words that the student does not know the
meaning of and give the possibility to choose its
meaning.
When working with the dictionary, not only
poetic , but also prose texts were selected as
objects of analysis . In particular, the column
"Working on texts and dictionaries" of the 29th
lesson is devoted to the analysis of the story "The
Linguist and the Boatman" translated into the
modern Uzbek literary language: task 29.1. Read
the text carefully .
LINGUIST AND BOATMAN
One day, the proud linguist wanted to board a
boat standing on the beach and cross to the other
shore. On the beach, the passenger turned to one
of the waiting boatmen. The boat approached.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
287
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
285-292
SJIF
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(2021:
5.478
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(2022:
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(2023:
6.741
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OCLC
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1368736135
The scientist to the boat he sat down . The sea
watch by doing from the departing scholar
boatman asked : _
- You never language have you read
- No , I 'm ignorant one I am a boatman .
Scientist:
- Wow , very much sad I was _ So , half live in vain
it passed , " he said sorry to the boatman looked _
This is the time hurricane stood up Then of the
sea between _ shake started , the boatman whole
power with from danger get rid of tried to _ _ A
storm went as strengthen , boat while drowning
on the eve of was _ This is the time out of fear dir
dir shaking from a scientist boatman asked :
- Oh , everyone thing my friend is a
knowledgeable scientist . To swim do you know
No _ the answer received boatman :
- Wow , wow , you your life in vain you spend Now
whole live went _ Because little by little after boat
_ sinks _ Good you know , this on the ground now
not nahv ( grammar ) , mahv science it is
necessary If the destruction science if you know ,
don't be afraid to the sea Sakra said . _ [4]
(Jalaluddin Rumi, "Masnavi")
2 9 .Exercise 1. To the text suitable plan salt ng.
Meaningful words i with replace _ In this
meaningful words from the dictionary use . Plan
based on the text smooth speech with oral story
do it
Task 29.2. Determine the meaning of the isolated
words in the text from the given comments, copy
them to your dictionary and memorize: 1) the
field of syntactic structure of the language; 2) an
uneducated, illiterate person; 4) strong wind; 5)
strong wind mixed with rain; 6) repel, overcome.
In the analysis of this text, it was revealed that the
assignment given to the student consists of two
stages. In the first case, the assignment is given to
work with a dictionary of synonyms, and in the
second case, it is directed to work with an
explanatory dictionary.
In the 34th lesson, the student will have the
opportunity to understand the text of such works
as "Adabiyot nudur?", "Turkish Gulistan or
Morality" of the beginning of the 20th century.
Here too, there is a great need for an explanatory
dictionary:
3 4 .Exercise 1. Read the text carefully. Choose a
suitable topic for it .
It is said to forgive. If a person admits his
mistakes, apologizes and asks for forgiveness, it is
necessary to forgive him. Because forgiveness is
the advantage of good behavior , the virtue of
humanity . Mr. Haq has praised forgiveness in the
Holy Qur'an . Noble people accept excuses. If a
person admits his faults and mistakes and
apologizes , he pardons and forgives. The taste of
greatness and greatness is not in revenge , but in
forgiveness.
For example, Ahmed Mahmud did something bad
and hurt his tongue . Mahmoud took revenge on
Ahmad . So the difference between Ahmad and
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
288
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
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09
Pages:
285-292
SJIF
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Mahmud in evil did not die . However, both of
them did harm to each other. Both are sad and
confused it has been. One evil has become two. If
Mahmoud grants pardon to Ahmed, both of them
will die happy and His Majesty will bless the
pardoners. He himself is a pardoner . Noshiravon
said: "I will not tell anyone how much pleasure I
got from forgiving a sinner."
(Abdullah Avloni , " Turkii Gulistan or morality ")
Although the text of works written on a historical
topic is in modern Uzbek literary language, it is
rich in archaic words, so it is recommended to
actively use dictionaries when learning the
language based on such texts or in literature
classes. Since the text chosen for lessons 47-48
also reflects the events of the 15th century, a
vocabulary of obsolete words is necessary to
understand it:
Task 47-48.1. Read the text carefully.
WORDS DIRECTED TO TONES
Bowing through the outer door, the Choshnagir
woman announced, lowering her voice with fear:
- There are few stars in the sky. Someday the
morning will shine. Will His Highness remain
without dawn?
Fasting begins after dawn and the call to prayer,
no one can eat or drink anything. Leaving the king
without breakfast on a long, hot summer day was
more frightening for the begums than going
hungry themselves.
… The sky turned pale. As the morning dawned,
the light of the candles in the chandelier began to
dim.
The time to say the call to prayer is passing. The
imam of the mosque outside the arch climbs the
tiled minaret and waits impatiently for the sign of
the bakovul . After all, it is not without danger to
say the call to prayer before His Holiness Mirza
has time to pray. When the food was eaten and
they went to tea, Umarshaikh Mirza told his wives
how difficult the situation was.
At that moment, the call to prayer was heard from
the mosque. Khanzoda Begum, who was drinking
tea, hurriedly put her cup on the table.
Umarshaikh Mirza looked at each of his wives and
said:
- Moysafids : " Four May you be whole" - they pray.
Fatima Sultan , Ms. Kutlug Nigor , Beg Karakoz,
our children Beg Khanzoda, Mirza Jahangir - each
of you is a dear part of our family. I want all our
members to be whole and show kindness to each
other in this difficult situation . Dear to the core .
Eye respectable . _ If the eye and the marrow are
in conflict with each other , both will suffer.
(P. Kadirov, "Starry Nights")
Homework
Task 47-48.5. Determine the meanings of the
words bakovul, shig'ovul, salam agasi, dodho,
ponsadboshi , hudaychi from the comments
below, copy them to your dictionary and
remember them for use: 1) preparing food for the
king, khan and army supervisor, chef; 2) In the
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Bukhara Khanate, an official who receives
applications in the name of the emir from those
seeking justice and rights and conveys his answer
to the applicants; 3) a person who was engaged in
receiving ambassadors in Bukhara and Khiva
khanates, bringing them to the presence of the
khan, managing and supervising reception
ceremonies in the palace; 4) an official who
informs the khan and emir about those who come
to the khan and emir with business and
applications and conveys the answer of the khan
and emir to them; 5) the official supervising the
affairs of the treasury in the Kokan khanate; 6)
amir, an official person who leads and supervises
official ceremonies in the khan's palace.
On the part of the authors, the detailed
vocabulary information is a great opportunity for
the readers, but they should also be given
constant reference tasks for their independent
research. If the analysis is carried out in the text
of works with symbolic content, a dictionary will
be necessary in addition to information about
tropes, metaphors, and metaphors. Along with
educational dictionaries, it is desirable to create a
"metaphors educational dictionary" so that it will
not be difficult to understand texts of the
following types:
Task 52-53.1. Read the text carefully.
TRUTH AND METAPHOR
In order to save his life from a rabid camel, a man
hangs himself from two branches bent over a cliff
and puts his feet on the edge of the cliff. But leg
under from four the snake poked its head out
standing seeing remains . Jaring under look if he
throws it , he is there huge one the dragon mouth
big open his fall waiting ga , up _ looks white _ and
black The mice are hanging out standing branches
non-stop that they are gnawing the eye falls _
From this situation get rid of measure thinking
when standing so next to it bees nest sees and
finger honey dip _ lick goes _ Honey sweetness his
the head that's it level turned that , as a result , he
is his own how condition forgetting puts his feet
four of the snake per head that he put and this
snakes him each in the moment bite to get
possibility , mice branches gnaw their graduation
and horn sinsa , he is a dragon to com fall
inevitable league from his mind will rise .
Ignorance curtain mind the light block puts and
little opportunity without passing , it is a cliff fall
down death will be
(from Kalila and Dimna)
Task 52-53.2. Using the words given below, create
an explanation of the highlighted words in the
text and record them in your dictionary: clearly;
ignorance; palate, mouth.
61-62. Task 2 . Make a dictionary of the words you
don't understand and find out their meaning from
the glossary.
Exercise 61-62.1. From the text sign means words
separate _
Exercise 61-62.3. Portable in a sense used find the
words .
61-62. Task 3 . Symbol in this text denotative of
words its meaning find it in the dictionary and
copy it into your dictionary.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
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Pages:
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Homework
Task 61-62.5. Determine the meaning of words
such as qasd, wajh, taalluq, burodari kirom, say',
koshish among the following, copy them to your
dictionary and remember them.
Words for explanation: Of course, it is intended
to be carried out, a fixed intention; determination,
covenant; to marry, to be related; reason, basis;
dear, elder brother, effort and effort.
This mechanism of working with the dictionary is
much more complete and more convenient for
developing speaking skills and abilities,
increasing vocabulary. most are focused on
vocabulary. In addition to the cited words, other
dictionaries were also requested.
Until now, only one approach has been used to
deal with borrowed words, and that is to deal
with the word itself. In lesson 67, words to learn
from other languages are studied in the context of
texts:
Assignment 67.1. Read the texts carefully.
TRAVELING WORDS
1. of India dark thick , thick bamboo groves , that
is the jungle to see for in the morning to the road
exit approval they said (Z. Akramov , " India
plates ")
2. Respected the jury members , to projects seven
measure , one rate cut , if haste if you do , people
will not forgive . ( from the newspaper )
3.
Bitter and smelly drugs separately gelatin in
the case it is drunk . ( N. Ismailov . " The sick
maintenance to do ")
Task 66.2. The meanings of the isolated words in
the text read from the given dictionary , copy and
write in your dictionary and remember.
1. Gelatin ( fr. gelatin - dirildoq , glue < Lat. gelatus
− frozen ) Young calf bone and from the skin
prepared a type of glue substance
2. Jungle _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3. Jury ( fr. jury - referees group < lat. juror - oath
, oath I drink oath I will ) .
After seeing the explanation of these words with
his own eyes, the reader knows how to find and
use an Uzbek alternative in the future.
The use of dictionaries in the 5th grade "mother
tongue" textbook, which was improved in terms
of content and style in 2020, and the connection
of the textbook to the dictionary is not
satisfactory . In the 5th grade, interesting learning
tasks related to vocabulary, appropriate for the
age of the student, had to be developed. In the
current textbook, work with the dictionary is only
partially allocated: lesson 1. 2. Memorize
Muhammad Yusuf's poem "Mother Tongue"
completely.
Vocabulary: influence - prestige, influence?
In the 10th grade "Mother Tongue" textbook
compiled by B. Mengliyev and others on the basis
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of the new program of 2020 as part 2, work on
vocabulary is started only on some topics:
Exercise 8.8. Read the text. O'z _ your conclusion
in 3-4 sentences statement do it
WINTER MEANS GROWTH
Applicant - his life change _ for to the road came
out person _ A student if you want to be , then
definitely read . Man for always in action to be
aliveness is a sign . So so keep in mind :
1. None when my time no , don't say . Desire if so
, time is found . The world leading of celebrities
day from yours more than not _
2. None when remembering I can't stay , don't say
. Remember subject : human _ all if he wants in
mind keeps _
3. None when I don't understand , don't say .
Understanding ability and mind the only living
given soul you are Your own to animals equal to
catch _
4. None when tomorrow , don't say . Today
tomorrow to find you ca n't Tomorrow is the
same has a job . Time appreciate _ If you lose it ,
you will not find it . You can't even buy it .
5. All distracting _ from tools give up it 's late
Technique you not you _ him you created for him
a slave do n't be
Any _ in time book read _ people watch movies did
people over leadership those who did Choose : Do
you lead or obey ? To yourself believe _ Man to
himself don't believe standing up others convince
ca n't It is given to you possible appreciate _ A
dream action , purpose sheep _ _ Thoughts the
world you are in charge _ thought the owner be _
Reinforcement for question and assignments
1. Speech process again which fields of science by
studied ? _
2. Word _ in application always methodical _ to
standards action will it be done ? Why ?
3. Written at work language unity in choosing
how to mistakes road _ to put can _
4. The following of words main meanings
explanatory from the dictionary identify
dictionary to your notebook copy : angiz , beshbel
, visit , yelvizak , shadow , sha'an .
In general, only 1 out of 4 reinforcement tasks
requires working with vocabulary. It can be said
that, although working with text has been
strengthened in improved textbooks this year,
not enough attention has been paid to working
with vocabulary. When creating educational
tasks, it is necessary to systematically connect the
topic with dictionaries. Language should be
taught based on dictionaries.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Mirziyoev Sh. Free and prosperous
democratic Uzbekistan state together set up
we will - T .: Uzbekistan , 2016. - p. 14.
2.
B. Mengliyev and others 10th grade "Native
language" textbook, part 2. - Tashkent.
Shepherd . _ _ 2020. 96 p .
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SJIF
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3.
L erner I.Ya. Oznakomlenie uchashchikhsya s
metodami nauki kak sredstvo svyazi
obucheniya s jiznyu. (K voprosu ob
issledovatelskom principle v obuchenii) / I.
Ya. Lerner //Sov. pedagogy. 1963. - #10. - S.
15-27.
4.
Skatkin M.N. Sovremennyy urok / M.N.Skatkin
, I.Ya.Lerner //Nar. education 1985. - No. 1. -
P.102-111.
