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A
BSTRACT
The article considered the problems associated with the creation of a text in a formal departmental style,
the analysis of factors, means generating them, speech situations, as well as the development of proposals
to solve these problems. The formal style describes the problems encountered when creating a text and
the practical results that do not meet the established requirements.
K
EYWORDS
Documents, formal style, text creation, written speech, correspondence, statement, biography, date,
signature, approval, content, order, requirements, criteria, exercises and tasks.
I
NTRODUCTION
Features of oral speech in the Uzbek language in
the departmental style Writing texts in the
departmental style in the correct format is not
given to everyone. The main difficulty faced by
thousands of authors every day is completely
misinterpretation of departmental texts and
misunderstanding of their principles of
operation. If you believe in official sources, then:
official departmental style text is the main
communication tool in departmental, legal and
other environments that provides for the
exchange of non-personal official information .
And yet, for unknown reasons, thousands of
lawyers, economists, managers and even
diplomats try to add the same wrong sign to such
texts every day.
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
THE CONTENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ABILITY TO
CREATE TEXTS OF FORMAL DEPARTMENTAL STYLE
Submission Date:
September 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
September 25, 2023,
Published Date:
September 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-09-42
Raxmanov Uchqun Toshpo'latovich
Researcher Of Karshi International University, Uzbekistan
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In the language of documents, nouns are often
used. Even for expressing actions and situations
expressed by verbs, word forms close to nouns
are chosen, that is, word forms called "name of
action" are actively used. Such as "...about the
progress of preparation", "...about the decision",
"...in order to provide information", I ask for your
approval. In accordance with the nature and
purpose of the documents, interrogative and
exclamatory sentences are hardly used in them,
mainly indicative and imperative sentences are
used. After all, two functions of the language - to
inform and to order - are performed in the
documents. For example, information is
expressed in a reference, an order is reflected in
an order, and information ("heard and ordered
("It was decided...") is expressed in a report)
The mistake of modern official-departmental
correspondence is that employees deliberately
complicate it. For some reason, it is believed that
the more complex the message, the more complex
the terminology, and the longer the sentence, the
stronger the material. In this material, we will try
to think about what a really good text of
departmental style should be, what its structure
should be, what to pay attention to and what
mistakes to avoid. After this consideration, it will
be possible to look at the rules of writing
departmental texts in a slightly different way.
Requirements for departmental text and its
structure In general, many documents, from the
Constitution and state documents to explanations
and dismissals, are written in a formal
departmental style. We will focus primarily on
departmental texts. Departmental texts have
unique characteristics that other styles do not.
One of the main features here is compactness.
Creating a departmental text requires attention
from the student . Since there are people who are
busy with business, the texts should be made so
that a person can get to know them without
korvalol. Only facts, only figures, only important
details are presented.
Abbreviation does not mean that any important
details are irrelevant. All explanations should be
given and important points should be mentioned.
In this case , brevity means giving up another
word for one word . The structure of the
departmental letter should be considered in
advance. There are aspects of a text that are more
important than textual coherence, where
meaning can constantly change from one to
another.
The question of the simplicity of the text . If you
respect the person reading the text, keep the
material simple. It should be understood, not
simplified. Although the rules of writing texts in
an official style allow the use of clericalism and
special terms, you should not burden the material
with complex structures.
Language level: morphology is the predominance
of nouns (especially verbal, often forming phrases
with incomplete verbs). Execution, decision-
making, instruction, acceptance, transfer; to
attend, to regret, to address, to influence . The
frequency of "linking" the genitive cases of
dependent nouns (and adjectives) . The
importance of strengthening the nuclear non-
proliferation regime; sanitary maintenance of the
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common property of the residential building of
the city housing fund. The personal pronouns of
the 1st and 2nd persons and the almost complete
absence of the corresponding forms of the verb
(exceptions are statements, power of attorney
and other special documents, as well as orders in
which the form is used - order ).
I, Abduraupova Mehribon Artikova, trust Nurova
Gulsanam
Tolmasovna...
to
receive
my
scholarship...; It's more appropriate to say "please
release me from training..." rather than "please
release me from training". The frequency of verbs
in the indefinite form, as well as the
predominance of present tense forms with the
meaning of obligation and prescription.
Enrollment, dismissal, appointment, approval of
initiative, retention recommended, should be
reviewed. The use of masculine forms in naming
women by profession. Teacher TP Turanov,
neighborhood supervisor IGOtabekov to replace
ordinary assistants (because, software, etc.) with
nominal ones. Due to the lack of food, due to the
beginning of the heating season, according to the
order. Mandatory capitalization of personal and
personal pronouns. Verbs such as "I ask you to
allow " , " I request " , etc. are used.
Impersonal sentences with the meaning of
request, command, need are widely used.
Absence of replacing nouns with pronouns and
repeating nouns and phrases accordingly. The
presence of the defendant is mandatory, and
hearing the case in the absence of the defendant
is allowed only: 1) with the direct consent of the
defendant; 2) if it is proven that the defendant
avoided submitting the summons to the court or
hid from the court. In order not to burden you
with the rules of writing official departmental
texts, consider a few examples right away.
departmental text 1. Delay. Thus, the
departmental style is a formal relationship
environment.
Therefore,
the
information
saturation of the texts written in the official
departmental style is very high, but it is difficult
to perceive. A formal way of creating texts is not
only useful and necessary in everyday life, but
also useful in copywriting.
In addition, formal departmental style includes
the use of abbreviations and terms that are
specific to the field in which they are used,
without revealing their meaning. The structure of
the official departmental style is often
determined by the types of documents in which
this style is used. The structure of the official text
has its own complexity.
Official departmental style is the style of
documents: international agreements, state
documents, legal laws, decisions, regulations,
instructions, official correspondence, working
documents, etc. Examples have also been found in
the past. Examples of documents in this type of
formal departmental style are the excerpts below.
It is customary to use certain words for
departmental style texts, which is clearly seen in
all the above examples.
The formal departmental style is characterized by
dryness, the absence of emotionally colorful
words, conciseness, conciseness of the
presentation. A set of t language tools used in
official documents is predefined. The most
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important feature of the official departmental
style is the language stamp or so-called kl ish e. A
document is not expected to reflect the originality
of its author, on the contrary, the more clichéd a
document is, the easier it is to use it (see examples
of clichés). below) the official departmental style
is the style of documents of various genres:
international agreements, state documents, legal
laws, decisions, regulations, instructions, official
correspondence, work documents, etc., but
despite the differences in content and variety of
genres, the official departmental style are
generally distinguished by common and most
important features. These include:
1) accuracy that excludes the possibility of
foreign interpretation;
2) language standard. These features are
expressed in a) selection of linguistic tools
(lexical, morphological and syntactic); b) in the
preparation of departmental documents. It is
possible to consider the features of vocabulary,
morphology and syntax of formal work style.
Linguistic features of the official-departmental
style, lexical features of the official style, the
lexical (dictionary) system of the style, in addition
to the general book and neutral words, include
the following:
1) language stamps (clericalisms, clichés):
questioning based on the decision, incoming and
outgoing documents, monitoring of execution,
expiration.
2) professional terminology: indebtedness, alibi,
black horse, departmental;
3) archaisms: I confirm this document. In the
official departmental style, the use of
polysemantic words, as well as words with a
figurative meaning, is unacceptable, and
synonyms are rarely used, and as a rule,
experience related to the same style, as a result,
its vocabulary is very generalized.
The most important of the handwritten
documents is the application. It can be divided
into several types depending on the content.
Compared to the analytical data, more complaints
and lawsuits are being formalized today. But their
writing rules are regularly violated.
Citizen appeals can be in the form of an
application,
proposal
or
complaint.
An
application is a request of citizens for assistance
in realizing their rights, freedoms and legal
interests. A proposal is an appeal containing
recommendations of citizens to improve the state
and society. A complaint is an appeal stating the
demand of citizens to restore their violated rights,
freedoms and legal interests. According to the
law, state bodies and their leaders are obliged to
consider citizens' proposals, applications and
complaints within the specified time limits,
respond to them and take necessary measures.
Citizen appeals are submitted in oral or written
form. Oral and written appeals of citizens are
equally important. Citizen appeals can be
submitted individually or by a group. In the
petitions, the citizen's surname (first name,
patronymic), information about the place of
residence must be indicated, and the nature of the
application, proposal or complaint must be
described. Written applications must be signed by
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the applicant. If it is not possible to put a personal
signature on the application, these applications
are confirmed with the signature of the person
who wrote it, and his surname, first name, and
patronymic are also written. The citizen's last
name (first name, patronymic), information about
the place of residence is not indicated or false
information is indicated about him, as well as
written appeals without signature are considered
anonymous and will not be published.
It's actually not a very complicated document. It
consists of the following components:
Informational documents constitute a rather
large group, they are especially often used in the
course of business. This group includes
documents such as application, statement,
notification, will, deed, power of attorney,
reference,
description,
recommendation,
invitation,
biography,
explanatory
letter,
announcement, report.
APPLICATION
An official document written in the context of a
request, proposal or complaint to a specific
institution or official. The application is the most
widely used and widespread working paper in
practice. A schoolboy and a student, a manager
and a farmer, an engineer and a scientist, an
entrepreneur and an official - all members of
society are not exempt from writing an
application. The age and position of the
applicants, the institutions and offices to which
the application is sent are extremely diverse.
Applications can be written to the director of a
scientific-research institution, the director of a
school, the rector of a higher educational
institution, the director of an enterprise, the
district administration - in short, any office, any
head that can consider and resolve the proposal,
request or complaint of an ordinary applicant.
Regardless of the size, style and type, the
application has its common necessary parts and it
is built on the basis of the consistency of these
parts. Required parts of the application:
1.
Name of the institution or official to whom the
application is sent.
2.
Residence, job, name, patronymic and
surname of the writer of the application.
3.
Name of the document (Application).
4.
Main text (offer, request, complaint).
5.
The name of the documents to be attached to
the application (if deemed necessary).
6.
The signature, first and last name, and last
name of the writer of the application.
7.
Date of application (year, day and month).
It should be noted that the necessary parts of the
application are not repeated in all applications.
For example, when an employee writes an
application to the management of the enterprise
or office where he works, information about his
place of residence is not necessary. In such cases,
it is sufficient for the employee to indicate the
department and position in which he works. Also,
most applications do not require applications. A
typical arrangement of the necessary parts listed
above is shown in Appendix 1. The application,
like any other official document, should be
written in clear and concise sentences.
Application form
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Appendix 1
Clarity and comprehensibility of the language of
the document serve to achieve the goal faster. The
application is mostly written by hand and the
content is freely stated. Applications are not the
same in terms of content and style: it can consist
of a few words, it can be in the form of a letter
expressing opinions on issues. From this point of
view, applications are divided into simple and
complex types. While the text of the complex
application is large, applications can be made to
it. In most cases, applications are of a personal
nature. There will also be service applications.
Service application is written information of
citizens or organizations regarding the exercise of
their rights or protection of their interests. Claims
are one such application. Applications in the
content of a request and complaint are often used
in relation to applications reflecting the content of
an offer and lawsuits. It should also be mentioned
that applications can be written in electronic form
and registered in the electronic document
circulation system, according to the rules
Kimga
Kimdan
Hujjat nomi
Matn mazmuni
Sana (yil, kun,oy)
Imzo
Ism
Famliya
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established in enterprises and organizations.
When placing children in pre-school educational
institutions, the application is written in the name
of the father or mother .
Both in secondary schools and in the higher
education system, special attention is paid to the
development of students' written communication
skills.
In the higher education system, in addition to
preparing students for a profession, they are also
taught the science of doing business in the state
language, but this science cannot be said to be of
a practical nature. Most of the time, students are
given a lecture from the "Working in the State
Language" manual. Essential components of
formal working papers will be read aloud, or an
outline assignment will be given.
For example:
Exercise 19. Read the sentences carefully. Copy
the sentences, identifying the wrong words and
replacing them with the correct word according
to its meaning.
1. It is a special art for the speaker to express his
thoughts briefly and in detail and convey them to
the listener. 2. A speechless person expresses a
small goal in long words. 3. Remember that an
unkind word can shatter the mirror of the heart
and destroy the whole person. 4. A person who
speaks honey will also have a lot of kind
humanity. 5. A sweet word, a beautiful language
pleases the human tongue, on the contrary, a
bitter word, a rude speech makes the human
tongue as unpleasant as it breaks the cup of the
heart. 6. Due to practice, it is possible to acquire
the ability to speak, the culture of speech, the art
of public speaking at a level that people
appreciate. 7. If the language does not have a
word naming it, such a word can be borrowed
from a neighboring language. But using another
word instead of the words in the language is a
disaster.[1]
Most of the manuals and textbooks created in the
official language are dominated by theoretical
information. In the following textbook, the
student is given educational tasks that develop
text composition skills:
Task 24. read a passage from a textbook in your
chosen field of study, then create a text
independently by replacing the specialized terms
with other synonyms. Explain the difference
between original and creative text. Remember,
when writing a text on a specialty, you should pay
attention to the following: 30 30 - knowing in
advance which style of speech the text should be
written in; - to be able to correctly choose words
and conventional signs related to the specialty
and place them appropriately; - write words and
terms in compliance with spelling standards; -
comment in parentheses on terms, symbols or
abbreviations that are not very familiar to
colleagues or are not actively used; - mastering
terms related to specialization from other
languages, taking into account the nature of the
national language when creating words; - to avoid
unnecessary repetition of professional words and
terms, to make appropriate use of lexical,
morphological and syntactic synonymy in order
to increase their effectiveness, etc.
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The fact that T. Saidaliyev developed the "Set of
exercises on doing business in the Uzbek
language" makes it possible to develop practical
skills and competencies in this regard .
Task 20. Find 10 examples of words to be spelled
separately from the dictionary and make
sentences with 4 of them.
Exercise 18. Read the text. Explain the structure
of the words to be written separately.
—
... Their
goals are very clear! One wants to become a
thousand-bashi, the second wants to take the
place of Normuhammad, and the third wants to
make another shahami dependent on him. Khan
wants to get rid of his enmity with Muslims! As for
me, there is nothing more to say, my son! I spent
a lot of my life for the peace of this country and
the peace of the citizens, and I could not create
any satisfaction for myself except suffering. I
don't understand how we can be human beings
before the career-minded, world-loving people
who don't know what the union is, who eat and
drink each other only for their own interests and
personalities , disappear from the soil of
Turkestan ... , if we pour water on each other's
lips, it is likely that the tsarist tyranny will take
over our Turkestan, and we will leave our future
in the hands of the Russians with our own hands.
God's curse will surely fall on us, my son, blind
and stupid fathers who surrender their offspring
to the hands of the infidel! We dogs, who are
prepared to make our Turkestan a place of
infidelity by desecrating the holy div of our
ancestors, will surely go to the wrath of the
creator! Geniuses like Temir Koragon, conquerors
like Mirza Babur, scholars like Farabi, Ulughbek
and Abu Ali Ibn Sina, who grew up and flourished,
who are dragging towards the pit of destruction,
surely deserve the wrath of God. lim! The tyrants
who strangle innocent poor people, orphan their
children, and destroy their homes - worms, birds,
and weeds growing out of the ground are targets
for the curse, my son! A. Qadiri, from "Otkan
Kunlar".
Exercise 19. Cut out the pairs of words and copy
them in your notebook. Explain the meaning of
your connection.
Custom,
Semi-Pink,
Peninsula,
Frequent,
Happiness, Medicine, Coal ng foot, confirmed,
three-four, write-write, boy-and-girl, eyebrow-
crow, got it, scared, right now, tokkaychi, face to
face, yard-place .
Task 21. Make pairs of words by placing suitable
words next to the following words and explain
how they are written. Relative - ..., strength - ...,
melon - ..., yoel - bread - soup - game - will be -
flower - land - yor - gallows - tepsa - ..., iron - asta
- white - take care - ..., love - .... said - ..., keeha - ...,
far.
Systematic use of exercises and tasks in creating
official-departmental texts gives good results.
Also, being able to use each language tool in
accordance with the speech situation, achieving
the correct and appropriate choice of synonyms -
serves to develop the skills of working in the state
language.
R
EFERENCES
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1.
Suyarova A. Working in the Uzbek
language . Methodical guide . -Namangan
2018. p. 19.
2.
Hasanov A. , Shmukhamedova R. I.
Textbook V oris publishing house -
Tashkent, 2007 , p. 39.
3.
Doing business in the state language: a
practical guide / M. Aminov et al. - T.: "
Uzbekistan publishing house" DUK, 2020.
- 528 p
4.
N. Mahmudov, A. Rafiyev, I. Yoldoshev.
Doing business in the state language
Textbook Tashkent - 2002. 69 p.
5.
Saydaliyev T. A collection of exercises on
conducting business in the Uzbek language
. Study guide. - Tashkent. 2010. 40 p.
6.
Mahmudov N., Rafiyev A., Y'oldoshev I.
Doing business in the state language
Textbook Third edition Jizzakh DPI
Cholpon publishing house - Tashkent,
2008. 509 p .
