Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
192
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
192-196
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Continuity of education is ensured based on the introduction of basic physical concepts and phenomena in
the sixth grade about the structure of matter. Only then will the sequence from simple to complex be
maintained in education, and students' understanding and comprehension activities will develop. Such
information is used when passing topics related to thermal phenomena. In particular, it is explained that
the movement of molecules depends on the temperature of the div, and this connection is expressed
based on the comparison of the diffusion rates in bodies with different temperatures. It is intended to teach
students to think logically about the surrounding physical phenomena, including the phenomenon of the
structure of matter and its essence, and equip them with the knowledge, skills and abilities related to
physics necessary for their social life.
K
EYWORDS
substance, heat, temperature, molecule, solid, liquid, gas, competence, method, computer technology,
projector, interactive, variable induction current, pedagogical technology, scale, atom, beaker, proton,
neutron, particle , quarks.
I
NTRODUCTION
Continuity of education is ensured based on the
introduction of basic physical concepts and
phenomena about the structure of matter in the
VI grade. Only then will the sequence from simple
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
METHODS OF TEACHING THE TEACHINGS OF DEMOCRITUS,
AR-RAZI, BERUNI AND IBN SINA ON THE STRUCTURE OF
SUBSTANCE IN A SCHOOL PHYSICS COURSE
Submission Date:
September 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
September 25, 2023,
Published Date:
September 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-09-32
Mirzamuratov Bahodir Fayzullayevich
Researcher, Tersu Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
193
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
192-196
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
to complex be maintained in education, and
students' understanding and comprehension
activities will develop. Such information is used
when passing topics related to thermal
phenomena. In particular, it is explained that the
movement of molecules depends on the
temperature of the div, and this connection is
expressed based on the comparison of the
diffusion rates in bodies with different
temperatures. It is intended to teach students to
think logically about the surrounding physical
phenomena, including the phenomenon of the
structure of matter and its essence, to equip them
with the knowledge, skills and abilities related to
physics necessary for their social life.
Understanding that matter is made up of
particles, their interaction, being in solid, liquid
and gas states, the differences in their structure,
the size and number of molecules, as well as the
density of matter, the formula for calculating it,
the density of different substances are different.
consists of information about The following
method can be used to teach this topic
The purpose of the subject: to provide students
with knowledge about the structure and principle
of operation of matter, as well as to observe,
understand and explain physical processes and
phenomena, to conduct experiments and draw
conclusions, to form the competence of using
physical knowledge in practice.
Tasks: To provide students with knowledge about
the structure and principle of operation of matter
and to explain the importance of their role in the
formation of alternating induction current.
Interest in science by explaining the possibility
of changing the voltage of alternating current and
its use in industry and technology.
The content of the educational process: Explain to
the students the structure and principle of
operation of the substance by showing a slide.
Interest in science by explaining its use in
industry and technology.
Implementation technology of the educational
process: Method: Active lecture, working with
groups
Tool: Distributed questions, connecting wires,
computer equipment, overhead projector,
blackboard, chalk.
Supervision: Oral supervision, evaluation of
students.
Evaluation. Based on a 5-point system.
Expected results: Teacher: By giving students
knowledge about the structure and principle of
operation of matter, and using interactive
methods to explain its importance in industry and
technology, students' independent thinking,
activity, and interest in the lesson and science will
increase.
Pupil: Pupils can independently express their
opinion in a clear and comprehensible way orally
and in writing. Based on the topic, he can ask
questions logically. They learn to work with
groups and work on themselves, the skills and
abilities of remembering, telling, and showing are
formed.
Future plans: Teacher:
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
194
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
192-196
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Ways to interest students in physics and to work
on themselves to apply pedagogical technologies
in the lesson, to enrich their experience with the
application of the subject in science and
technology.
Student: Use of materials in practice, learning to
work independently with additional literature.
Ability to express one's opinion fluently.
Block diagram of the lesson...
Lesson stages
time
1.
Organizational part
2 minutes
2.
Ask about the topic
6 minutes
3.
New topic statement
16 minutes
5.
Problem solving and testing for new topic
reinforcement
15 minutes
6.
Encourage students
4 minutes
7.
Homework
2 minutes
Educational goal of the lesson: Preliminary
information about the structure of the article to
acquaint students with the works of our
compatriots who have collected and interpreted.
The educational purpose of the lesson: to awaken
the spirit of patriotism in the minds of students
and to inculcate the national idea in them, to form
national and general cultural competences in
them.
Developmental goal of the lesson: To provide
students with knowledge on measuring and
determining physical quantities, conducting
experiments and drawing conclusions.
Basic competences: Competence of working with
information, the ability to independently find and
use the necessary information from various
information sources, knowledge and compliance
with information security rules.
Self-development competence: independently
developing physical knowledge based on
acquired knowledge, being able to perform
didactic tasks, and being able to evaluate one's
own behavior.
Type of lesson: Oral.
Teaching methods: Binary, mutual teaching, work
in groups, presentation, "Ball game"
Teaching
equipment:
Physics
textbook,
multimedia textbook, computer, portraits of
scientists and scholars, booklets.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
195
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
192-196
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
The progress of the lesson
Organizational part:
Ask students for information about great
scientists. Control of classroom cleanliness
Request a past subject:
1.
What is the measurement limit of the beaker
shown in the picture in the textbook?
2.
How many grams is 1kg of substance?
3.
What time units do you know?
4.
How is div mass measured using a scale?
5.
What size is measured using a beaker?
Reinforcement of the topic:
New topic statement:
In your daily life, if you pour water into a pot for
making tea and start heating it, you will see steam
coming out of it. After a while, the water will boil,
and if you don't turn off the heater, the water will
completely evaporate. On cold winter days, water
left outside freezes. Why did the water evaporate?
What are the differences in the structure of water
and ice? Such questions have interested humanity
since ancient times. The first concepts of the
structure of matter belonged to the Greek
scientist Democritus (460-370 BC). According to
him, all things are made up of very small particles
- "atoms". The smallest particle of matter - an
atom - is considered indivisible. The word atom
also means "indivisible particle" in Greek.
Democritus' work about this has not reached us.
His ideas are presented in the writings of others.
This teaching of Democritus was later developed
by many scientists. For example, there are works
in this field in the works of Ar-Razi, Beruni and
Ibn Sina, among the great thinkers who are our
compatriots. Abu Bakr Ar-Razi (865-925) wrote a
total of 184 works and created in all fields.
He develops the views of Greek scientists about
the atom and says that the atom can also be
divided. There is space and particles inside the
atom, and all these particles are in motion. In
addition, it is assumed that there will be
interaction forces between the particles. Ar Razi's
theoretical views were developed by Abu Rayhan
Beruni and Ibn Sina. This is mentioned in their
letters to each other. In one of Beruni's questions
to Ibn Sina, it is said: - "Some philosophers say
that the atom is indivisible and that there are no
smaller particles, this is ignorance. The latter
noted that the atom does not divide, and that
there is no limit to its division. This is extreme
ignorance. Because if the division of the atom is
infinite, materiality can disappear. This cannot be
- because materiality is eternal. What is your
opinion on this matter?' - he asks. In his reply to
Beruni, Ibn Sinong says that Aristotle and Ar-
Razi's division of atoms should not be understood
as going on indefinitely, and that division has a
limit. Nowadays, the complex structure of the
atom is fully confirmed. An atom consists of a
nucleus and an electron shell. The nucleus is
made up of even smaller particles - protons and
neutrons. It was found that protons and neutrons
are made up of smaller particles, that is, quarks.
Consolidation of a new topic: opening a
multimedia textbook, getting to know physicists
and further enriching the information received
and evaluating students.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
196
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
Pages:
192-196
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Homework assignment: read the topic and write
down the answers to the questions at the end
based on the acquired knowledge.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Н. Садриддинов З. Жамалова Х.
Садриддинова 6
-
синфларда физика
ўқитиш
услуби.o’quv
qo’llanma.
Namangan-2005.
2.
Djoraev
M. Fizika o‘qitish metodikasi
(umumiy masalalar).
–
Toshkent.: TDPU,
2013
3.
THE
ROLE
OF
PEDAGOGICAL
INNOVATION IN THE PROBLEM-BASED
TEACHING OF PHYSICS IN GENERAL
SECONDARY
SCHOOLS.
EUROPEAN
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH DEVOLOPMENT
AND
SUSTAINABILITY.
https://scholarzest.
Com/index
ISSN(E):2660-5570.
Journal
Impakt
Factor: 7,455 Volume 2, Issue 4 April,
2021. 298-300
4.
Fizika fanini o’qitishda zamonaviy
yondashuvlar va innovasiyalar moduli
bo’yicha
o’quv
–
uslubiy
majmua.
Toshkent. 2018.
