Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
150
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
150-154
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The development of students' spiritual and moral competence is a multifaceted process influenced by a
combination of pedagogical and psychological factors. Pedagogical approaches such as values education
and character development, coupled with the role of teachers as moral exemplars, play crucial roles in
shaping students' ethical and spiritual growth. Psychological factors, including moral reasoning and
empathy, contribute significantly to their understanding of right and wrong. The social and cultural
context, along with the impact of religious education, further shape this development. Ethical decision-
making and curriculum design are central components in fostering spiritual and moral competence.
Recognizing the interplay of these factors is essential for educators and researchers seeking to promote
holistic student development.
K
EYWORDS
Sh.Rashidov, educational psychology, spirituality in education, moral education, teaching strategies,
competence.
I
NTRODUCTION
The development of students' spiritual and moral
competence is a complex and crucial aspect of
their education. It goes beyond the traditional
academic curriculum, encompassing values,
ethics, and a sense of purpose. Pedagogical and
psychological factors play a fundamental role in
Journal
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Research Article
PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS'
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL COMPETENCE
Submission Date:
November 08, 2023,
Accepted Date:
November 13, 2023,
Published Date:
November 18, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-11-25
Kilichova Marhabo Khudaikulovna
Teacher Of The Department Of Preschool Education Methodology Jizzakh State Pedagogical University,
Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
151
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
150-154
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
shaping students' spiritual and moral growth. The
pedagogical methods employed, as well as the
psychological aspects that influence their
understanding of right and wrong, can
significantly impact the formation of their
character and belief systems. Understanding
these factors and their interplay is essential for
educators and researchers seeking to foster
holistic development in students, nurturing not
only their intellect but also their ethical and
spiritual dimensions [5, 98]. In this context,
exploring the intricate web of pedagogical and
psychological factors becomes paramount in
enhancing the quality of education and preparing
students to become responsible and morally
conscious individuals.
L
ITERATURE ANALYSIS
The literature on pedagogical and psychological
factors influencing students' spiritual and moral
competence highlights the significance of
pedagogical
methods,
teacher-student
relationships, psychological elements (e.g., moral
reasoning and empathy), and the role of the social
and cultural context. It underscores the
importance
of
ethical
decision-making,
curriculum design, and the impact of religious
education on moral development. This div of
research emphasizes the need for a holistic and
integrated approach to education to nurture
students' spiritual and moral growth. In our
opinion, as a result of scientific research,
attention is focused on giving a special definition
of spiritual and moral competence and
determining the conditions for its development. it
is important to develop skills to solve complex
tasks related to life.
In particular, social competences related to
interaction with the social sphere of community
life in social relations between people in society,
spiritual and moral competences: family,
neighborhood, community (group or work team),
friends, tolerance, age. ideas of social cooperation,
such as relating to adults by treating them with
respect, are important. It is known that man finds
happiness in work. A hardworking person will
always be respected and gain prestige. Feeling
this from the heart, Sh. Rashidov sings as follows:
Mehnating mо‘jiza yaratdi chо‘lda
G‘ayrating kо‘p edi daryoday suvday
G‘ayrating, mehnating, mehring suvidan,
Har nihol о‘sardi dilda orzuday.
(Your work has created a miracle in the desert
You had a lot of energy, like a river
From the water of your zeal, labor, love,
Every sprout grew like a dream in the heart.)
Thus, emphasizing that the concepts of "hard
work" and "patriot" have a certain similarity in
the works of Sh. Rashidov, three specific signs of
patriotism were identified:
He should be honest and courageous, that is, he
should not be indifferent to someone's pain and
problems [11, 173]. A true son of the country
should be good-natured, that is, he should obey
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
152
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
150-154
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
the law and be responsible for his work for the
welfare of his country. He should be well-
educated and moral, always in tune with the
desire to serve his country [10, 7].
Accordingly, to raise young people to be
physically and mentally healthy, entrepreneurial,
hardworking, independent thinkers, devoted to
the Motherland, and to contribute the history,
customs, traditions of their Motherland to the
world civilization. It is intended to use effective
tools to ensure deep knowledge of the
contribution. Educational work should be carried
out in such a way that, as soon as they step into a
new educational institution, at every age they
should restore national values, understand
national statehood, realize their identity, have
their own independent opinion and will, and give
the Uzbek language the status of a state language.
to be proud of being given, to be proud of
contributing to the strengthening of the new
Uzbekistan, to develop feelings of internationality
and solidarity with representatives of other
nationalities living in our country. In education, it
is necessary to train students to become creative
and enterprising, respect laws, and respect state
symbols [2, 19]. For this, it is necessary to develop
high political consciousness, knowledge and
culture, intelligence, vigilance in students. It is
important for them to be ideologically and
politically mature, to be able to see and solve the
political, economic, social and ideological
problems that occur in life. In addition, the
ideological and political maturity of young people
includes such qualities as activity and initiative,
high morality, volition, tact, intelligence,
vigilance, and foresight.
On the basis of the humanization of education, the
independent development of the individual and
the formation of the worldview are morally
educated. In this, the formation of conscious
thinking in every student and the manifestation of
all its possibilities are manifested. Humanization
helps to turn the student into a free, independent,
critical thinking person as a future teacher-
specialist, reveals his identity. In this way,
humanization is manifested as a form and method
of forming and developing a person. So,
humanization of education leads to a humanistic
worldview, formation of relevant knowledge and
skills, and spiritual and moral education in
students.
A highly scientific approach to educating students
in a spiritual and moral spirit, or over-simplifying
it, and indulging in exhortation will not lead to
positive results. This requires every lecturer and
teacher to have a deep knowledge of life, a deep
analysis of achievements and shortcomings, to
direct students to solve the problems, to be able
to think independently and freely participate in
discussions. Only in this case, the unity of
education will be realized, and students will
become active participants in the educational
process, not just listeners. But in such cases, it is
necessary to pay attention to the harmony of
universal values along with national values in the
content and direction of education.
The criteria of decency along with science, the
establishment of social justice along with
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
153
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
150-154
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
democracy in society, the formation of spiritual
and moral concepts in the minds of young people,
education based on feelings of patriotism and
national pride, strengthening their interest in the
profession, preparing them for marriage is only
an educational activity. not only in classes, but
also
in
public
events,
scientific-public
conferences, meetings, lectures, seminars,
dialogues, competitions, debates.
It is necessary to turn the spiritual and moral
education of students into a process that develops
the consciousness and thinking of young people,
develops initiative and activity, and does not
make it a one-size-fits-all, seasonal campaign.
This accelerates the development of society, leads
to the diversity of opinions and the breadth of
worldview among students [6, 42]. It is possible
to guide students in the right way through
debates and exemplary examples. In this regard,
it is necessary to take as a basis the thoughts of
the President of Uzbekistan on the formation of
free and independent thinking in young people,
and on raising them as a generation free from
dumbness: "It is very difficult for conscious
discipline to replace forced enthusiasm in the
relationship between a teacher and a student. We
often understand that the main task of the teacher
is to develop the skills of independent thinking in
students, but unfortunately, in our practical
experience, we do not follow it. It is necessary to
pay special attention to the fact that the diversity
of opinions is a component of a democratic way of
life in the spiritual and moral upbringing of
students. In this case, the use of old-fashioned
campaigning and propaganda methods, shallow
and shallow thoughts will not bring positive
results. Because the establishment of democracy
and social justice in our country is one of the main
conditions of independence and development.
For this, it is necessary to create an active
educational process in the educational institution.
At the present time, the struggle in this field is
intensifying, and the globalization process is
taking place in the world. For this reason, it is very
necessary to use the works of Sh.Rashidov to
convey the principles of humanism and justice to
the students and young people. At the same time,
the increasing influence of destructive ideas,
which are the opposite of constructive ideas, will
lead to negative consequences in all countries,
and as a result of the victory of constructive ideas,
the society will develop. Spiritual and moral
education of students should not be accepted as a
fixed and unchanging dogma of the same pattern
[7, 23].
After all, life itself puts forward new goals and
ideas. It is necessary for the youth to be ready for
this and become its active participants. In this
regard, students' attention is focused on the
important aspects of spiritual and moral qualities.
They are inculcated in the minds of students as a
future-oriented theory that unites our people on
the path to the ultimate goal, imbued with
completely new ideas and goals. It is important
that the goal is to open the hearts of the young
generation, to become a person who can analyze
the root cause of conflicts in today's extremely
complex and dangerous world. In this regard, it is
necessary to observe consistency and continuity,
to avoid randomness and seasonality.
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
154
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
150-154
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Universal, spiritual and moral education in
educational institutions is considered a social
phenomenon aimed at the formation of
personality, which allows regular and systematic
influence on the personality of young people.
Based on this, educating the young generation
based on the works of Sharof Rashidov is one of
the urgent problems of the pedagogical process
[8, 1130]. Therefore, the comprehensive work
carried out in our country is aimed at educating
our youth, who are considered the owners of our
future, to love the Motherland, to protect it, and to
educate it in the spirit of loyalty to the national
ideal.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Abdumalikova G.B. “The role and
importance of pedagogical activities in the
spiritual and moral education
of students”,
Science and innovation international
scientific journal, 2022
2.
Eisenberg, N., & Mussen, P. H. (1989). The
roots of prosocial behavior in children.
Cambridge University Press.
3.
Koshanova Sh.M. “Importance of 3d
technology
in
preservation
and
restoration of historical monuments”,
2021.
4.
Rest, J. R. (1979). Development in Judging
Moral Issues. University of Minnesota
Press.
5.
Narvaez, D. (2008). Triune ethics: The
neurobiological roots of our multiple
moralities. New Ideas in Psychology,
26(1), 95-119.
6.
Suyarova
A.I.
“Sharof
Rashidov
publistikasining ijtimoiy xayotdagi o’rni”.
Academic Research in Educational
Sciences, 2(10), 2021, p. 1081.
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Sh.Ergashev. Sharaf Rashidov. Tashkent,
2019
8.
Qilichova Marhabo. In the case of a person
concerned with eternity
–
Sharof
Rashidov. Web of scientist: international
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Rashidov “Winners”, T.: Publishing House
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Ghulam.1981, p 7.
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Qilichova Marhabo. “The uniqueness of
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moral education of young people”,
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