Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
35
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
35-39
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
Finding and eliminating the causes of difficulties that arise for a certain part of children when mastering
the school curriculum is one of the most pressing problems in education. Recently, there has been a
significant increase in the number of students falling behind in their studies. This inevitably raises the
question of the legality and possibility of correctional assistance for middle-level students.
K
EYWORDS
Intuition, attention, perception, memory, imagination, thinking, speech, reader, psychodiagnosis,
psychocorrection.
I
NTRODUCTION
Cognitive processes are such mental processes
that allow a person to understand and
understand the known and important features of
the environment around him, draw the necessary
conclusions based on them and plan his behavior.
These processes are very close and familiar to
man. Chunky, each of us knows that we have a
mind, some separate and integral properties of
Journal
Website:
http://sciencebring.co
m/index.php/ijasr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Research Article
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE
PROCESSES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Submission Date:
March 10,
2024,
Accepted Date:
March 15, 2024,
Published Date:
March 20, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-04-03-07
Askarova Nargiza Abdivalyevna
Associate Professor, Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Tashkent University of
Applied Sciences, Uzbekistan
Ezoza Farmonova
2nd year student of the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology of Tashkent University of Applied Sciences,
Uzbekistan
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
36
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
35-39
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
surrounding objects and events. We also know
that these things and events cause unique
emotional experiences in each individual
situation. For example, a person reading a book
does not ask others if he is really reading this
book. Such things happen by themselves as
natural processes. At first glance, the human mind
is a whole thing, but in fact it consists of some
separate processes. That is why, in order to study
the environment, the mind that allows us to know
ourselves, they began to study it by dividing it into
separate mental processes. As I mentioned above,
cognitive processes are inextricably linked.
Reading activities create important
conditions for the development of intelligence,
sensitivity, observation, memorization and
recalling abilities of a student in junior high
school, and form calculation skills. The sharpness
of perception, clarity, purity, clarity, vividness of
imagination, strength of memory, and clarity of
thinking of a child of this age are distinguished
from children of other ages by their curiosity and
trustworthiness.
Engaging in reading activities
during the junior school period, including getting
to know the various properties of material
objects, has a great impact on the growth of
senses. In elementary school students, the ability
to distinguish, sight and hearing senses grow
especially fast. According to Russian scientists,
the perception of colors increases by 45% in
children aged 7-10 years, and by 65% in children
aged 10-12 years. Teaching young schoolchildren
to draw has a great effect on the growth of color
sensitivity. The sensitivity to distinguish tones is
especially strong during the teaching of music and
singing to children. Physical training is also
important in the growth of senses. Exercising that
involves precise movement develops children's
motor skills.
By the time of junior high school, all
types of perception improve to a large extent in
terms of content, accuracy, and clarity, mainly due
to education. Children of this esh are sharply
different from people of other esh eras with the
accuracy, fluency, and sharpness of their
perceptions.They are able to absorb important
features of perception because they are obsessed
with everything and look very carefully.
The educational process creates
favorable conditions for the development of
voluntary, stable, stable, strong, active conscious
attention of students in junior high school. In the
process of acquiring knowledge, independent
mental work, solving examples and problems,
doing exercises, and giving voluntary effort to
repetition are part of voluntary, conscious
attention. At this age, the ability to collect,
organize, distribute, and consciously control
voluntary attention begins to form in children.
Educational activities require the child
to remember the given educational materials, the
teacher gives instructions to the student about
what he needs to remember. The student repeats
what he needs to remember, tries to understand
it. But in this case, involuntary memory
undoubtedly prevails. A child's memory is mainly
determined
by
his
interest
in
work.
Comprehension of educational material is the
main condition for remembering. Because the
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
37
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
35-39
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
first signal system is slightly superior to the
second signal system, visuomotor memory is
more dominant than logical memory in young
school age students. That's why they remember
concrete information, information, events and
events, images and things faster and more firmly
than theoretical laws and rules, abstract concepts,
and remember them for a long time. Children in
junior high school develop their ability to
remember logically, that is, to understand and
understand their meaning.
During this period, the child's
written speech begins to form, it is characterized
by certain requirements for the correct
construction of sentences and the correct
pronunciation of words. It is necessary for the
child to learn to pronounce and pronounce words
correctly. Based on the acquisition of written
speech, children have information about various
texts. During this period, the child's ability to
control his/her thoughts, words and letters has
not yet been developed, since speech has just
begun to form. But he is given the opportunity to
create.This independent creative work creates
the ability of elementary school students to
understand the given topic, to determine its
content, to collect information to express their
opinion, to distinguish important aspects, to
make a plan, to describe it in a certain sequence.
Forming sentences correctly, finding words
suitable for this content and spelling them
correctly, putting punctuation marks correctly,
being able to find and correct one's mistakes are
indicators of mental development.
It is possible to see the
development of thinking in the health of the
child's psyche, his cognitive activity at the
beginning of junior school. The child's curiosity is
mainly aimed at learning about the world around
him. A primary school student seeks to become
aware of the world's phenomena, causes and
relationships while playing. For example, he
himself can independently research which
objects sink and which float. The more active the
child is in mental relations, the more questions he
asks, and these questions are mostly diverse. A
child is very interested in knowing how snow and
ice fall, where it is at night, how a car drives, and
the distance from the ground to the sky.
Because any discovery, innovation,
development is a product of human intelligence.
Therefore, the development of science and
technology is largely dependent on the
development of humanities. The next stage of the
development of the child's thinking is related to
the acquisition of speech. The words learned by
the child will be a basis for making
generalizations. they soon have a common
meaning for the child and are easily transferred
from one div to another. According to the
results of diagnosis of cognitive processes in
elementary school students, it was shown that
visual recall memory is well formed in elementary
school students. As a result of our observation
and conversation, it became clear that the
students have deficiencies in their vocabulary and
have difficulty in pronouncing words. In order to
eliminate these problems, it is necessary to carry
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
38
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
35-39
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
out correction and development of students'
cognitive processes.
The main task of primary school
educational activities is to teach students to learn.
Under the influence of education, serious changes
occur in the mental development of children of
primary school age. These changes prepare them
for the transition to adolescence, a period of
responsibility in their lives. In conclusion, it can
be said that timely detection and elimination of
problems in cognitive processes in children of
junior school age serves to prevent difficulties in
mastering the school program.
R
EFERENCES
1.
Ш.А.Дўстмуҳамедова,
З.Т.Нишанова,
С.Х.Жалилова,
Ш.К.Каримова,
Ш.Т.Алимбаева. Ёш даврлари ва педагогик
психология.
Дарслик.
-
Тошкент, 2013.
2.
R.N.Melibayeva,
U.A.Tashkenbayeva,
N.A.Askarova. // Yosh va pedagogik
psixologiya.
Darslik
//
“TIBBIYOT
NASHIRIYOTI MATBAA UYI” MChJ Toshkent –
2022.
3.
Nishanova, Z.T.Rivojlanish psixologiyasi.
Pedagogik psixologiya : darslik / Z.T.
Nishanova va boshq.
—
Toshkent: « 0
‘zbekiston faylasuflari milliy jamiyati»
nashriyoti, 2018.
4.
Abdivalievna, A. N. (2022). Psychological
Characteristics of Children with Attention
Deficiency and Hyperactivity and their
Readiness for School Training. European
Multidisciplinary Journal of Modern Science,
4, 295-298.
5.
Abdivalievna, A. N. (2022). Psychological
Characteristics of Children with Attention
Deficiency and Hyperactivity and their
Readiness for School Training. European
Multidisciplinary Journal of Modern Science,
4, 295-298.
6.
Mavlyanova
Surayyo.
(2023).
TALABALARNING OTM MUHITIGA FAOL
IJTIMOIY MOSLASHUVINING PSIXOLOGIK
OMILLARI.
EURASIAN
JOURNAL
OF
ACADEMIC RESEARCH, 3(Special Issue 4),
256
–
265.
7.
Mavlyanova Surayyo. (2023). IJTIMOIY
MOSLASHUVNING PSIXOLOGIK KATEGORIYA
SIFATIDA TALQINI.
8.
Аскарова, Н. А. Кичик мактаб ѐшидаги
ўқувчиларнинг билиш жараѐнларини
коррекциялашга доир. 2015. Педагогика
журнали, 4.
9.
Аскарова, Н. А. (2022). ОСОБЕННОСТИ
ЭМОЦИНАЛЬНО
-
ВОЛЕВОЙ СФЕРЫ ДЕТЕЙ
С СИНДРОМОМ ДЕФИЦИТА ВНИМАНИЯ И
ГИПЕРАКТИВНОСТИ.
Gospodarka
i
Innowacje., 22, 266-271.
10.
Аскарова, Н. (2021). Диққат етишмаслиги
синдромли ва гиперактив болаларда
эмоционал соҳа коррекциясининг асосий
методлари. Общество и инновации,
2(10/S), 548-554.
11.
Abdivalyevna,
A.
N.
(2023).
Psychoprophylaxis Of Depressive Situations
In Crisis Situations. Eurasian Journal of
Learning and Academic Teaching, 21, 1-4.
Volume 04 Issue 03-2024
39
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
03
Pages:
35-39
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
12.
Abdivalievna, A. N. (2023). PSYCHOLOGICAL
CAUSES OF EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS IN
SCHOOLCHILDREN. International Journal of
Advance Scientific Research, 3(09), 85-89.
13.
Аскарова, Н. А. (2019). Синдром дефицита
внимания и гиперактивности–как одна из
проблем готовности к школе. Вестник
интегративной психологии.
14.
Абдивалиевна, A. Н. (2022). Диққат
етишмаслиги синдромли ва гиперактив
болаларни тарбиялашда оила маҳалла
таълим муассасаси ҳамкорлигининг ўрни.
INTEGRATION OF SCIENCE, EDUCATION AND
PRACTICE.
SCIENTIFIC-METHODICAL
JOURNAL, 3(2), 16-20.
15.
Аскарова,
Н.
А.
(2023).
АҚЛИЙ
РИВОЖЛАНИШИ
ВА
ЎЗЛАШТИРИШИ
ОРҚАДА
ҚОЛУВЧИ
ЎҚУВЧИЛАРНИНГ
ПСИХОЛОГИК ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ. Academic
research in educational sciences, 4(TMA
Conference), 683-688.
16.
Асқарова, Н. А., Расулова, З. А., & Якубова, Г.
А. (2016). Болаларда диққат етишмаслиги
ва
гиперактивлик
синдроми
психодиагностикаси.
Современное
образование (Узбекистан), (11), 34
-40.
17.
Аскарова, Н. А., & Сайдуллаев, Н. А.
ЎҚУВЧИЛАРДА
ХУЛҚ
ОҒИШИНИНГ
ПСИХОПРОФИЛАКТИКАСИ. Му¬ аллим œ¡
м зликсиз билимлендири³, 45.
18.
Abdivalievna, A. N. (2022). Psychological
features of adaptation of students abroad.
Innovative Society: Problems, Analysis and
Development Prospects (Spain), 117-120.
