Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
1
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article is dedicated to the lexicographical aspects of legal terms in German and Uzbek languages. It is evident that
terms are commonly utilized in many realms including technology, science, art, literature and law.
KEYWORDS
Punishment, court process, crime, guardianship, accused, recidivism, genocide, terrorism, senate, speaker.
INTRODUCTION
Single-valued words and combinations denoting the
exact names of concepts related to science,
technology, agriculture, art and literature are called
terms. The word has many meanings, that is, it can
have a primary and secondary meaning. The term does
not have this feature. A term is a word, but it differs
from ordinary words in the accuracy of its meaning, in
its uniqueness. The term is used in a certain special field
of science, in the speech of its representatives. For
example, terms such as crime, litigation, accused,
aggression,
recidivism,
genocide,
terrorism,
guardianship, senate and speaker are found only in
jurisprudence. The set of terms and the field that
studies the terms is called terminology. The term
comes from the Latin word terminus (limit, border).
METHODOLOGY
The vocabulary of the language of law consists mainly
of terms. But in order to express and form legal
concepts, certain norms of such a linguistic process are
put before certain requirements. This is due to the
specifics of the term. The term performs a nominative
function - its meaning is equal to the concept within the
norms of the literary language. Since the term is
Research Article
ABOUT THE PROCESS OF THEMATIC COMBINATION OF LEGAL TERMS
Submission Date:
October 25, 2022,
Accepted Date:
October 30, 2022,
Published Date:
November 07, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/Volume02Issue11-01
Muyassarkhon R. Bakhriddinova
Senior Lecturer, Tashkent State University Of Law, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijhps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
2
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
monosemantic in the terminological system, its
meaning is equivalent to the concept. That is, terms are
special formal unified words that express the same
meaning as the word. One word with multiple
meanings represents multiple concepts. The term
expresses clear, concrete concepts and is devoid of
emotional meanings. The meaning of a word can be
complex, in which the concept acquires additional
meaning and methodological features of application.
Therefore, synonyms that mean the same concept in
the language differ from each other in different
semantic aspects or use in oral and written speech. The
same word can be a term for several branches of
science. However, such words become the name of
separate (different) concepts in a particular branch of
science. For example, the term “appointment” in
pedagogical terminology means a task assigned to
pupils or students, in legal terminology the term
"appointment" means an important task assigned to
an employee working in the law enforcement system.
The term “surgery” refers to a concept associated with
surgery in medicine, in legal terminology it refers to the
name of an event performed for some purpose or for a
specific secret mission. Thus the terms are different
from commonly used words.
Words are used in a specific area of science and
technology and become terms when used in a limited,
narrow sense. To date, the system of terms has already
included a number of commonly used words
expressing the scientific and formal meanings of
special areas of science. In linguistics, especially in
lexicology, it is emphasized that lexemes, which are
the main lexical unit of a language, do not exist in
isolation from each other, but in interconnection, in
various semantic relationships. This principle led to the
creation of different lexical layers. According to a
certain pattern, lexical layers are grouped. It is
important that, depending on the purpose of the
study, one or another principle of grouping terms is
used. Thematic association of lexical layers,
terminological systems. It should be noted that the
thematic classification is based, firstly, on the
classification of objects and the events themselves in
real events (extralinguistic factor), and secondly, on
the hyponymic relationship of lexemes (interpersonal
factor).
RESULTS
Based on the analysis of the collected materials and
generalized classifications of terminological groups
proposed by M. Kasimova and Sh. Kochimov, it was
found that the legal legal terms of the Uzbek language
should be classified as follows:
I. Terms denoting individuals. This thematic group, in
turn, can be divided into smaller subgroups: a) terms
denoting persons working in the field of jurisprudence:
lawyer, prosecutor, judge, representative, lawyer,
shareholder,
prosecutor
general,
guarantor,
criminologist, financier, notary, convoy, criminologist,
judge, secretary of state; b) terms denoting punishable
persons: accused, hooligan, aggressor, accused,
criminal, immoral, bandit, aggressor, poacher, butler,
gangster, drug addict, murderer, hijacker, accused,
suspect.
II. Terms for “types of crime”: murder, theft, bribery,
murder, rape, robbery, intimidation, slander, extortion,
murder.
III. Terms denoting the concept of “criminal
proceedings”: interrogation, investigation, search,
sentencing, trial, trial, confession of guilt, testimony,
etc.
IV. Terms denoting the concept of “judicial bodies”:
court (supreme court, peo
ple’s court), prosecutor’s
office, bar, tribunal, police, etc.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
3
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
V. Terms denoting the concept of “place of
punishment”: isolation cell, prison, guardhouse,
colony, zone, cell.
VI. Terms denoting the concept of “legal documents”:
statement, constitution, certificate, power of attorney,
indictment, petition, order, testament, charter,
contract, receipt.
VII. Terms denoting the concept of “judgment”: a)
arrest, deportation, imprisonment, transfer to a
disciplinary unit, confiscation of property, execution,
fine; b) release, parole, commutation of sentence,
pardon, amnesty.
Jurisprudence consists of several branches, each of
which has its own peculiarities and specifics. The
meaning of terms in every field of jurisprudence is
invaluable. The terms of the legal field can also be
grouped in relation to the object they represent. These
include:
a) Terms expressing concepts related to civil cases - an
individual, a legal entity, an entrepreneur, a creditor,
guardianship, guardianship, property rights, pledge,
donation, a limited liability company, a limited liability
company;
b) Terms related to the state system and management
activities - state law, constitutional law, official power,
state court, public associations, public organizations,
Oliy Majlis, confederation, ministry, monopoly activity;
c) Terms related to crime - recidivist, fine,
imprisonment, drug addiction, murder, terrorism,
extortion, looting, espionage, poaching;
d) Terms related to economic issues - economic court,
procedural inheritance, state duty, business contract,
business company, business law;
d) Terms related to housing issues - ownership,
leasehold, municipal fund, share payment, certificate
of storage (reservation), compensation;
e) Terms related to issues of administrative
responsibility
-
administrative
responsibility,
administrative
penalties,
environmental
impact
assessment, confiscation, administrative coercion
f) Terms related to tax issues - income tax, object of
tax, royalties, subsidies, discounts, declaration, value
added tax, invoice, excise tax, land tax, environmental
tax;
g) Terms related to issues related to labor legislation -
labor contract, collective agreement, collective
agreement, the right to employment, work book,
employer, disciplinary sanctions, labor standards.
DISCUSSION
In connection with the development of society
and language, some legal terms should serve as a new
direct designation of a state, a specific event, thing,
subject, reality, etc., therefore they enter into
grammatical relationships in the language of
legislation. In this context, they can be grouped as
follows:
1) Legal terms denoting persons associated with the
legal field: prosecutor, recidivist, drug addict,
murderer, spy, thief, extortionist, heir, investigator,
judge, lawyer;
2) Terms describing the event, the course of events in
the legal field: trial, amnesty, coercion, confiscation,
search, appeal, imprisonment, release, proceedings,
conviction, investigation, interrogation, etc.;
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
4
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
h) Legal terms denoting the name of legal documents:
order, act, subsidy, certificate, license, mark, work
book, permit, declaration;
4) Terms denoting socio-political processes related to
law: agreement, agreement, referendum, elections,
monitoring;
5) Terms denoting cases directly related to financial
resources: fine, tax, duty, pension, alimony, salary, fee,
stipend, allowance, bonus;
6) Terms that define the status and system of
punishment: imprisonment, death penalty, colony.
Terms with a negative emotional connotation in the
legislation are mainly words that determine the degree
of crime: they describe crimes related to the state of a
person, event, incident, process:
- Crimes against the person;
- Crimes against peace and security;
- Economic crimes;
- Crimes in the field of ecology;
- Crimes against the order of military service, etc.
In system lexicology, the question of determining
the relationship of lexical units in the center of lexico-
semantic groups occupies an important place. It should
be noted that the types of semantic connection of
lexemes are different. These include synonymy,
antonymy, hyponymy, partonymy, graduonymy,
functionalism, hierarchy.
CONCLUSION
Consequently, the terms in the legal terminological
system have a hyponymic relationship to each other.
The definition of thematic groups of legal terms gives
a clear idea of the special terminology of any field of
science. The terms in thematic groups, being
interconnected and in different semantic relationships,
prove the linguistic reality. The definition of hyponymic
(gender) relations of legal terms confirms that the
terminology in this area is systemic. In legal
terminology, synonymy has also spread, consisting of
two or more terms to express a single concept. This
situation complicates the exchange of information. In
legal terminology, polysemy is characterized by
abundance. It became clear that a thesaurus is needed
to limit polysemy, which is considered a negative
phenomenon. One of the linguistic realities that
confirm the relationship of terms is antonymy.
Naturally, there are antonyms in legal terminology. The
specifics of jurisprudence require this.
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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
5
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
01-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.458
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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