International Journal Of Literature And Languages
168
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
PAGE NO.
168-172
10.37547/ijll/Volume05Issue05-39
Formation Of 21st-Century Skills in Literature Lessons
Sabirova Nasiba Ergashevna
Khorezm Region National Center for Training Teachers in New MethodologiesLanguage Teaching Methodology, Head of the
Department, Professor, Doctor of Philological Sciences (DSc), Uzbekistan
Received:
31 March 2025;
Accepted:
29 April 2025;
Published:
31 May 2025
Abstract:
This methodological recommendation provides recommendations on the topic of studying A.S.
Pushkin's poetic novel "Eugene Onegin" in 10th grade literature. The historical period in which the author lived
and the problems of this period are depicted in the work. A brief summary of the work and assignments is provided
in addition to those in the textbook. Working based on modern pedagogical technologies in relation to the analysis
of the work is explained with examples. New methods and exercises are recommended based on the teacher's
personal work experience. A comparative analysis of the works and characters of some figures in Uzbek literature
and world literature has also been conducted.
Keywords:
Poetic novel, collaboration, communicativeness, creative thinking, critical thinking, innovative.
Introduction:
The words of the President of our
country Sh.M.Mirziyoyev..."we must form in our
children from a young age a love for books, the ability
to think independently, to find the right answer in
difficult life situations, and for this we need to carry out
appropriate organizational work..." once again
emphasize the relevance of the issue.The study and
analysis of literary works is of great importance for the
beginning of interest in reading literary works from
literature lessons.
In the new generation of textbooks based on the
national curriculum, special attention is paid to the 4K
approach. The 4K approach, as its name suggests,
includes 4 principles:
Collaboration is a process of collaborative work and
effective exchange of ideas through the formation of
teamwork skills.
Communicativeness - clear, clear expression of
thoughts through questions, assignments, and
exercises, listening to and understanding the
interlocutor, and the effective use of language tools
when conveying information.
Creative thinking - the process of developing innovative
solutions and acquiring skills in solving creative
problems.
Critical thinking - developing skills in critical evaluation
of information, forming one's own opinions and
judgments, analytical approach to problems, and
forming one's own point of view based on logical
thinking.
The result of the new innovative approach can be seen
in the student's worldview, creative thinking, and
ability to express their speech in a way that
corresponds to the conditions. The main goal of
applying the innovative approach is not only to impart
knowledge to students, but also to teach them to apply
the acquired knowledge in life.In the new 10th-grade
literature curriculum, tasks aimed at forming 4C model
skills in the process of studying the poetic novel
"Eugene Onegin" by the outstanding representative of
Russian literature A.S. Pushkin will directly contribute
to increasing the effectiveness of the lesson. In the 3rd
lesson of studying the work, methods and exercises are
developed.
Collaboration. In the process of studying the work, the
use of the "FSMU" technology, depending on the level
and level of the students of the class, is also effective.
This technology can be used in solving controversial
issues, conducting discussions, because this technology
teaches students to defend their opinion, to think
freely and impose their opinion on others, to argue
openly, as well as to analyze the knowledge acquired
by students in the learning process, to assess the
degree to which they have acquired it, and to develop
a culture of argumentation. This technology helps
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
students express their thoughts clearly and concisely
on a piece of paper distributed to them, presenting
supporting arguments or refuting them.
Each student is given papers with the steps of FSMU
technology:
Express your opinion.
Provide a reason for the statement of your opinion.
M - Provide an example (evidence) proving your
reason.
Summarize your thoughts.
FSMU technology
Thoughts
: Yevgeny Onegin is a sincere person, he
expresses what's in his heart, even if it wounds
Tatyana's heart, perhaps he feels sorry for her. He
believes in her pure love but cannot believe in himself.
Reason
: Onegin is disgusted by falsehood, disgusted by
the life of the society in which he lives, but condemned
to live according to the rules of that society.
Example
:
If only there were first dreams and desires, In exchange
for all beauties -
I would only choose you...You must manage yourself;
Not everyone understands you like us; Inexperience
leads to sorrow."
Summarization
: Onegin is a bound prisoner of the
society in which he lives, he cannot break these
threads, does not try to break them, and ultimately
faces misfortune. He realizes too late that the vague
feelings he saw in the village for Tatiana were love.
Traffic Light Exercise
. To perform this exercise, there
must be green, red, and yellow cards equal to the
number of students. Theses on the topic are prepared
in advance. The student who agrees with the thesis
raises the green card, the student who disagrees - the
red card, the student who doubts - the yellow card.
Thesis 1
thesis 2
Onegin loves Tatiana, but rejects her love, fearing that if he gets married, he will
quickly become disillusioned with this life and make her unhappy.
This exercise allows students to learn their
independent opinion. Students develop the ability to
justify their opinion, defend their point of view, and
justify it.
Critical thinking. "I accept, I reject" exercise
This exercise is organized during the analysis process
after studying the work. The reader focuses on aspects
that can be learned from or preserved from the
characters of the work.
I accepted
I declined
Onegin-like sincerity
Onegin-like selfishness
Tatyana's devotion
Onegin instability
Creative thinking. "Imagination" exercise
. According
to the exercise conditions, students are asked to
logically continue the work. Students are asked to
choose and write one of 2 topics.
1. Recall the meeting of Onegin and Tatyana in the
village, move slightly ahead of the place where Onegin
rejected the girl's love, and try to rewrite the work. Can
Onegin be happy?
2. Try to write a continuation of the work. Will the fate
of the characters of the work end happily?
Critical thinking. Discussion lesson
After working on the text of the work and completing
the discussion process, a discussion is organized. In this
process, the following questions are worked out:
What mood did you have at the end of the work? Why,
who is the reason for this?
2. How do you assess Tatiana's actions at the end of the
work? Tatiana, while admitting to loving Onegin,
rejects his love. Can Tatiana live happily now? What do
you think about the idea of leaving with Onegin, after
Onegin is an intelligent, knowledgeable, but selfish person
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
all, Onegin was Tatiana's first and pure love.
3. Tatyana from the village and Tatyana, a lady of high
society. Why does Onegin speak of his love to the
other? Try to understand Onegin.
4. Imagine. You have the opportunity to give advice to
Tatiana. What advice would you give him at the last
moment? And Onegin?
5. To what extent does the phrase "returned world"
correspond to Onegin's fate? Wouldn't it be a mistake
to say that this was her deserved punishment (for
Tatiana's tears, for the untimely death of the young
Lenkinsky)?
Collaboration. "Comparison" exercise. The exercise is
organized on the basis of group work, and its essence
consists in comparing and summarizing the works or
characters of the studied writer with examples of world
and Uzbek literature (it is advisable to guide students
to difficult places, help them find examples, help them
draw correct conclusions).
Erkin Vohidov's
epic poem
"Rebellion of Souls"
A. Oripov's poem
"Road to Paradise"
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"
The main character
Nazrul Islam is a
true patriot who has
embarked on the
struggle
for
the
freedom
and
independence of his
homeland,
timely
understands
the
problems
of
the
time, calls people to
vigilance, but...
The main character, the
young man, was a poet.
However,
when
he
objected, claiming he
couldn't
utilize
his
God-given
talent
effectively, that is, he
couldn't sing about the
people's
pain,
he
unconditionally
admitted it.
Literary critic Vissarion Belinsky
calls this work "an encyclopedia
of Russian history."
Although the
theme of love serves as the basis
for the plot of the novel "Eugene
Onegin"
Pushkin depicts the
problems of society in it.
The
novel depicts the boring life of
the village nobility, full of
everyday problems, and the
meaningless life of the capital's
nobility
Being a poet is sacrificing one's sweet life.
Full self-sacrifice is drinking softly.
These lines are taken from
Erkin Vohidov's
poem dedicated to the memory of master poet Mirtemir.
But at the same time, they are mobilized to reveal the true essence of all poets, the essence of poetry.
Sweet life is not given away just to find words, melody, color, and theme. Rather, it is sacrificed
primarily to protect the interests of the people, to be a shield against great ideas, justice, and truth.
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
Comparison Exercise
Pushkin's poetic novel
"Eugene Onegin"
Albert Camus'
novella "The
Stranger"
Utkir Hoshimov's story
"Spring Won't Return"
Onegin
Meursault
Alimardon Turaev
Why
is
Onegin
a
superfluous
person
in
society? He is unable to
establish
long-term
relationships, as this quickly
bored him. The villager does
not want to communicate
with
neighbors,
prefers
solitude.
In the city, Onegin is forced
to live in a society he doesn't
like, striving to please them,
in a way condemned
Meursault, however,
becomes
"alien"
from society because
he doesn't follow
rules invented by
people. Meursault is
sentenced to death
not for accidentally
shooting an innocent
person, but for living
without
following
the rules.
Alimardon is very talented;
he takes away his friend's
love and gains his love
through betrayal. But he
doesn't appreciate any of
this, and in the end, he loses
both his fame and family,
loses public attention, and
condemns
himself
to
loneliness. The sad thing is
that the verdict is read to him
not by a fair judge, but by
himself.
Conclusion:
As the poet said, "Man creates fate with his own hands."A person has
the opportunity to determine their own life path, choose which path to take, but
whether the end of this path is comfort or endless sorrow depends on their own
actions
The second chapter of the work concludes with the
description of the grave and the discussion of death.
The author not only warns that not everything will be
as happy as in the second chapter, but it seems to tell
the characters: value life, you are still young, value
friends, value every moment of this happiness, do not
sacrifice yourself for the opinion of others. Just as we
value health when we are sick, wealth when we are
poor, and youth when we are old, we cannot
appreciate those dear to us in time, unfortunately,
sometimes it is too late.The more deeply the work is
analyzed, the clearer the writer's message becomes.In
the process of analyzing the work, by trying to
understand the fate, experiences, and feelings of the
characters, a sense of empathy is formed in the
readers. Today's success is the result of yesterday's
mistakes. We believe that a reader who can analyze
yesterday and today on the example of the fate of the
hero will be able to find a life answer to life's questions,
a worthy answer, a correct answer in life situations.
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
172
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
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