Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
9
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
09-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article provides information about Berdaq's prominent place in Uzbek and Karakalpak literature, highlighting his
life and creative work. The article emphasizes the significant importance of Berdaq's literary achievements, which
encompass folk songs, various legends, proverbs and sayings, epic narratives, and epic poems, as well as his
appreciation for the poems of famous poets. Thus, Berdaq gradually became a well-known and highly respected poet
and a prominent figure among the people. Most importantly, we will provide information about how he started
composing poems inspired by his own melodies.
KEYWORDS
Writer, talented, poet, Karakalpak folk singer, thinker, truth, freedom, humanism, nationalism, courage,
independence, the poet's death.
INTRODUCTION
Berdaq (1884-1934) was a prominent writer who was
born in the Qoraqalpoq region of Uzbekistan and
played a significant role in the field of literature. He is
known as one of the founding figures of this literature
due to his important contributions. Berdaq lived and
experienced various hardships throughout the
Qoraqalpoq region, taking into account the difficulties
of the natural conditions, and he is recognized as a
pioneer of the local people's literature and culture. His
literary life and works are considered significant in the
history of Uzbek literature, and he is one of the
renowned figures who created the heroic traditions of
Uzbek literature.
Berdaq's main literary genres include newspapers,
short stories, novels, dramatic works, and poetry.
During his time, he gained fame in Uzbek literature and
played a crucial role in the development of heroic
Research Article
BERDAQ - AS THE FOUNDER OF KARAKALPAK LITERATURE
Submission Date:
July 01, 2023,
Accepted Date:
July 05, 2023,
Published Date:
July 11, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijll/Volume03Issue07-03
Kalabaeva Sarbinazxan Barlıqbaevna
3rd Year Student Of Faculty Of Karakalpak Philology And Journalism Berdak Karakalpak State University,
Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijll
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
10
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
09-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
literature. His works explore the relationships between
the state and society, uncovering hardships and
problems.
Among Berdaq's notable works are "Tuprogacha"
newspaper (1921), the story "Gulmurad" (1922), the
novels "Eski Urganch" (1927), "Kochaman qo'lg'a"
(1930), and "Bomdod gullari" (1934). His literature
highlights the natural characteristics, social issues, and
struggles of the Qoraqalpoq region.
Berdaq is a prominent figure who is well-known
throughout Uzbekistan and his literature reflects the
diverse cultural characteristics of various ethnic groups
and nationalities. He is regarded as a writer who
portrayed the unity of the Uzbek people by depicting
their connections and relationships. His works also
contributed to education by showcasing the progress
of different societies.
In Berdaq's works, one can observe the wide range of
literary
techniques,
meaningful
content,
and
expressive abilities. His literature embodies heroic
qualities, the transformation of individuals over time
and their interactions with society, challenges and
rewards, love and contentment, and remarkable
spiritual and philosophical discussions.
Berdaq holds a significant place in Uzbek literature as
he stood out among different eras and ethnic groups,
making a significant contribution to the development
of heroic literature. The modernity, spirituality, and
creativity of his literature emphasize Berdaq's
pioneering qualities, confirming his place and
importance in the history of literature.
Berdaq is recognized as one of the key figures in
Qoraqalpoq literature. Born in the Qoraqalpoq region
of Uzbekistan, his name and literary activities have
played a crucial role in the field of literature. Berdaq
marked a period of development in Qoraqalpoq
literature in the 19th and 20th centuries. As a pioneer,
he was actively involved as an educator, storyteller,
and philologist towards the end of the 19th century and
the beginning of the 20th century. His works
incorporated valuable historical and factual materials
of Qoraqalpoq literature.
Berdaq produced historical, ethnographic, and
aesthetic articles in Qoraqalpoq literature at the end of
the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.
His literary works include "Articles on Qoraqalpoq Folk
Literature"
(1899),
"Muxammatlar"
(1922),
"Information from the Reign of Qara Khan Khan"
(1924), and others.
Berdaq's unique qualities are closely related to
interconnectedness, historical-cultural environment,
preservation of the literary environment, teaching
language, and the integration of folk education. In his
works, the Qoraqalpoq people, their history, weather
conditions, natural landscapes, literary knowledge,
and their religious-spiritual lives are prominent themes.
His creative activity encompassed the style, language,
and historical knowledge of Qoraqalpoq literature,
incorporating empirical research.
Berdaq's place and role in literature are
acknowledged as one of the significant figures in the
history of Qoraqalpoq literature. His creative
achievements constitute an essential volume of our
literary heritage and contribute to the independent
development of Qoraqalpoq literature.
Berdaq's literary legacy emphasizes ethics, manners,
refinement, and beauty. His poetry reflects national
and universal values, patriotism, friendship between
Volume 03 Issue 07-2023
11
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
07
Pages:
09-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
peoples, and the principles of ordinary moral conduct.
According to the poet's words, some mullahs and wise
men appeared to be righteous and just in front of the
people, while in reality, they demonstrated their
hypocrisy. Berdaq carried on the best traditions of the
East in his ethical views. In his poems such as "Izladim"
(I Seek), "Xalq uchun" (For the People), "Yaxshiroq"
(Brightness), "Menga kerak" (I Need), he extols the
righteous efforts of individuals. According to him, the
main duty of every person is to serve the people and
contribute to their prosperity. Another important
aspect of Berdaq's ethical views is to treat individuals
with respect, especially women, weak and poor
individuals, disabled and abandoned people, by
providing them with necessary assistance. Berdaq, like
Navoi, evaluates individuals based on their ethics and
manners, dividing them into two categories: good and
evil. A good person, in his eyes, is a source of all human
virtues, intelligent, knowledgeable, supporting others,
and appreciating the beauty of character. An evil
person, in Berdaq's perspective, lacks the dignity of the
people, and their value is not recognized. In general,
the center of the poet's ethical views lies in humanity.
In many of his poems, Berdaq emphasizes the
upbringing of children, respect for elders, patriotism
towards the younger generation, love for one's own
people, and the ideals of friendship and brotherhood
among nations. Through his lyrical poems and epics,
Berdaq portrays the social life of the Qoraqalpoq
people in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Berdaq is known for his thoughts on bringing
happiness to the people. He seeks help from Allah
("Yordam ber") and contemplates on the concept of
happiness ("Izladim"). He envisions a society where
the humble can thrive ("Kerak") and believes in the
establishment of a prosperous community ("Baxtiyor
yashaydigan jamiyat").
Berdaq's literary works closely adhere to the oral
traditions of the people. His poetry holds a prominent
place in the history of Karakalpak literature due to its
lyrical and artistic excellence. Many of his works have
been translated into Uzbek and other languages. The
170th anniversary of Berdaq's birth was widely
celebrated in Uzbekistan and Karakalpakstan in 1998.
One of the streets in Tashkent was named after
Berdaq, and a monument was erected there. In his
birthplace, Bozatov, a monument was also installed in
his honor (1998). In Nukus, a statue of Berdaq was
erected, and a music drama theater, street, and school
were named after him. Berdaq is considered the
renowned poet and true representative of the
Karakalpak people. Numerous schools, streets,
cinemas, and libraries in Karakalpakstan bear his name.
Additionally, the State Award of Karakalpakstan was
established in the name of Berdaq. This award is
presented for outstanding achievements in the field of
literature, art, and craftsmanship.
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O‘zbekiston Milliy Ensiklopediyasi. Birinchi jild.
Toshkent-2000-yil
2.
Tanglauli shig‘armalari, Nokis 1956
-yil
3.
Tanlangan she'rlar 1958-yil T;1976
4.
Qurboboyev B, Berdaq va o‘zbek adabiyoti T;1986
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5.
Ma'naviyat yulduzlari-Abdulla Qodiriy nomidagi
xalq nashriyoti. Toshkent 1999-yil
