Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
18
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
18-24
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article is discussed the stylistic features of synonymous phrases in the Uzbek language in fiction. Writers and poets
have demonstrated the skillful use of expressive means to increase their imagery and effectiveness in describing
heroes.
KEYWORDS
Phraseme, phraseologism, expressive tool, construction, context, synonymous phraseme.
INTRODUCTION
The main task of phrasal verbs is to express different
evaluations and attitudes of communication members
to the expressed opinion. This is the main component
of phraseological meaning. Phrases are considered the
jewel of the language because they are a very sharp
descriptive tool. It can be said without exaggeration
that richness of any language is the richness of its
phraseology. Often, the content of such associations
and expressions reflect facts about the historical
period - the life of our ancestors, real events, their way
of life, and their profession. Therefore, no writer will
not use such wealth of our language in his works,
expressive means that give beauty to our speech.
METHODOLOGY
The life of our ancestors, real events, their lifestyle, and
their profession are presented in their works based on
the examples of skillful writers who skillfully used
expressive means to increase their imagery and
effectiveness in describing the characters.
RESULTS
Phrases are bright, figurative expressions. Therefore,
as an expressive tool of language, it is effectively used
by writers and poets to describe characters as a ready-
made figurative expression. Skilled writers do not
Research Article
STYLISTIC FEATURES OF UZBEK SYNONYMOUS PHRASES IN FICTION
Submission Date:
November 02, 2024,
Accepted Date:
November 07, 2024,
Published Date:
November 12, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijll/Volume04Issue11-05
Haytbayev Oybek
Assistant teacher, Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijll
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
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VOLUME
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ISSUE
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P
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18-24
OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
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Servi
always use ready-made expressions, but in some cases
they make certain changes to them, which serves to
increase their imagery and effectiveness. Many
researchers, including Russian linguists, as well as
Turkish linguists, have expressed their opinions about
it. Kyrgyz linguist N. Osmonova emphasizes the
following stylistic features of phrases:
“Possibility of artistic creation of phrases used side by
side (parallel). Closeness often done by using
synonymous phrases in a row, side by side. Due to the
use of phrases whose two or more meanings are close
to each other, or one of which allows to completely
replace the other, the situation is described, and the
different thoughts and inner feelings of the characters
are depicted, which gives aesthetic pleasure.
It can be seen that phraseologisms that have no lexical-
semantic closeness when standing separately have
become synonyms by means of the context. In most
cases, such phraseologisms come in the form of a
single unit and have the same grammatical form.
The closeness of phraseologisms in a work of art takes
place not within a single sentence, but also within the
context (microcontext).
Combination of phraseological units with words added
in the middle.
Poetics of phraseologisms used side by side with their
explainers (explainers).
Individual phraseology specific to the author". [1]
Linguists indicate two types of structural-semantic
transformations of phraseological units: input and
subtraction. [2]
Linguist B.Boltayeva also recognizes two types of
input, such as the input of words and word
combinations. Insertions serve to form phraseological
units with a new structure and new meaning based on
changing the form of the compound. "Bend one's head
to the ground by adding the word ``to the ground'' to
the usual phrase ``to bend one's head to the ground'';
by adding the word "skin" to the phrase "skinning the
surface" of the new structural surface; By adding the
word form "to come out of the nose" to the phrase "to
come out of the nose", phraseological units of "to
come out of the nose" are created. The phraseological
unit of " Qovog‘i osildi "to express one's hurt and
disappointment by lowering one's eyelids and " boshini
egib bildirmoq (O'TFL, 349). If we considered that the
meaning of torva is "a small bag, a bag" [O'TIL.4, 244],
it is possible to understand that to’rvaday is extremely
hanging by adding the entry "like a bag". The inserted
word "torvaday" is an example of a simple input,
because the inclusion of lexemes of different word
groups in the compound is recognized as a simple
input. In the complex introduction, phrases, simile
constructions with two or more components are
included in the phraseological unit: Go tell your lies to
your babysitter! - bellowed Bakir, who was rougher by
nature, but whose heart was as clear as a clear sky after
a rainstorm. (U.Hamdam. “Sabo va Samandar”). In this
case, the complex introduction "pure soul" is included
in the composition of the phrase " yomg‘irdan so‘nggi
tiniq osmondek " [OTFL,160]. In this case, the meaning
of the compound does not change, but the form
changes and new structural units are formed.
Essentially, a)the strengthen the meaning of
phraseologisms: b) concretizes its meaning; c) stylist to
perform the task; g) changes its external form" [3]
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VOLUME
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P
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OCLC
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Publisher:
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S.Ahmad added the component "before the country"
to the above-mentioned phrase "to bow the head" to
further strengthen the meaning:
The head of a proud young man who spoke to no one
in the whole village, who bought a place to sit and paid
money if his hat fell off, and who bowed his head to the
country. (S.Ahmad).In the sentence to bow the head
before the villagers it means that to shy the people
who are villagers.
There is a common phrase "to fry in one's own fat",
which is defined in the explanatory dictionary as:
To fry in one's own oil? To mentally torment,
depression (not to share one's thoughts with others).
Variant: to fry in one's own fat. It means that to get
nervous.
Bota is a womanizer. Bota is the enemy of women's
freedom. Bota destroyed Salomat in one night..."
These words are the materials collected by
Nizomiddinov, a member of the tripartite commission.
Botaboy couldn't go outside... For three days, Botaboy
has been sitting at home frying himself in his own fat.
(S. Ahmad. "Judgment"). [Dad] You are stubbornly
afraid to say "OK", and you don't want to say "No".
Katie made a promise without thinking, and now she
can't bring herself to go back on her word. Father's
opinion and father's words are so dear to a girl, my
child. Now he is frying himself in his own fat and
walking restlessly in the dark. (Oibek. "Breezes from
the Golden Valley"). [OTFL, 324].
С. Ahmad skillfully uses this phrase: On the way to
Zirillamah, a young man who had his tongue destroyed
was frying himself in his own oil (S. Ahmad). He also
creates a new phrase that is synonymous with this
phrase: "He was wearing a black shirt." Yes, it was a
mourning shirt. It was a time when you light your own
fire. I still can't forgive myself for that.
These two phrases are two independent phrases
because they are based on two different images.
С. Akhmad uses this phrase in a new way, changing one
of its components on the basis of transformation: The
worm fell into the German's paw and runs away from
him (S. Akhmad).
If we look at the prototype of the phrase, the foot is
accused first. If there is a worm in the foot, it gurgles
and is quickly felt on the foot. In addition, since the
patak is below the inside of the shoe, its movement
should be felt on the foot even beyond the foot.
According to S. Ahmad, it should pass through the
patak and the paitawa and be felt by the feet. By this,
the writer has succeeded in strengthening the meaning
of the phrase.
The use of a compound word in the form of a fragment
and understanding the image of the compound word
in common usage is called allusion. [4] In fact, allusion
(Latin Allusion - a hint, a joke)
[4] In fact, allusion (Latin Allusion - a hint, a joke) is a
stylistic device based on an appeal to a real political,
every day, historical or literary fact considered familiar
to everyone. [5] According to I.R. Galperin, allusion is a
quotation from a historical, literary, legendary ready
source. [6] The use of phraseologies’ in the form of a
fragment enhances artistic imagery and increases the
emotional expressiveness of the text.
In common language usage there is a phrase meaning
'to be disturbed, unable to stay in one place, to be
restless'. О'. Khoshimov changes one component of
this phrase on the grounds of transformation, and it is
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
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2771-2834)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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P
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18-24
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
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Servi
used artistically to increase the effectiveness of the
expression: Valijon tushmagur heard this sentence, and
a worm fell into his bed (O'. Khoshimov).
С. Akhmad uses this phrase in a new way, changing one
of its components on the basis of transformation: The
worm fell into the German's paw and runs away from
him (S. Akhmad).
If we look at the prototype of the phrase, the foot is
wrapped around first. If there is a worm in the foot, it
gurgles and is quickly felt on the foot. And since the
patak is below the inside of the shoe, its movement
should be felt on the foot even beyond the foot.
According to S. Ahmad, it should pass through the
patak and the paitawa and be felt by the feet. By this
the writer has succeeded in strengthening the meaning
of the phrase.
The use of a compound word in the form of a fragment
and understanding the image of the compound in
common usage is called allusion. [4] In fact, allusion
(Latin Allusion - a hint, a joke) is a stylistic device based
on an appeal to a real political, everyday, historical or
literary fact, considered familiar to everyone. [5]
According to I.R. Galperin, allusion is a quotation from
a ready-made historical, literary, legendary source. [6]
The use of phraseological phraseology in the form of a
fragment enhances artistic imagery and increases the
emotional expressiveness of the text.
- They won't take your money from Talib, the
prosecutor will take it, you fool!
- The prosecutor will collect lagmon," Yagub mutters,
turning away (N. Abbaskhan. "Shorqushlaq"). In the
text, the component "lagmon" of the commonly used
phraseological phraseology "hanging on ears" is used
in the form of a fragment and means the image of the
phraseological phrase. It means that lie someone.
Allusion of a phraseological phrase is one of the ways
of changing its structure. Of course, in order to
understand the full version of the transformed
phraseologism in simple language, the reader needs to
know the traditional form of these phraseologisms in
the language. [7]
In Uzbek language the phrases praise and reading
poems are synonyms: Labour and sustenance are
praised there (A. Kakhkhor). ...it is so .... After reading
some verses about his honesty, he said: "There is a
rumour that the secretary of the hunters' union buys
pistols from unknown people ..." (A. Cairo).
The phrase "to read gazals" means "to speak positive
words". "Phraseological Dictionary of the Uzbek
Language" defines this phrase as follows: "Who is such
a person to recite gazals? in whose honour? to express
your discontent with negative words
Zulfikarov's wife kicked him out of the house, and
although he did not mention Kalandarov's name, he
sang many poems in honour of "the Mountain on
which he leans". (A. Kakhkhor. "Sinchalak") [OTFL, 26].
The first seme of the phrase expresses a positive
meaning, while the second seme is used in a negative
sense. Thus A. Kahkhor created a new phraseology.
There is a common phrase "to amuse oneself". The
dictionary explains it as follows:
Who is having fun? what is to savour its good effect
At this time the farmer is satisfied with his hard
summer work and sleeps a little with a smile. (S.
Abdullah. "Iqbal"). It is necessary to labour honestly,
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OCLC
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prosper and have fun. Of course, it is absurd to seek
pleasure in alcohol. (Oybek. "Breezes from the Golden
Valley") [OTFL, 125].
The writer transforms the structure of an existing
phrase, adds a component to it and creates a new
phrase: Saida asked Kozimbek about her father's
health, and Kozimbek laughed: -He enjoys words, - he
said (A. Kahkhor).
And in general, there is a phrase that makes you break
into a cold sweat, which is explained in the dictionary
as follows: Who has cold sweat? The sweat of fear.
Synonym: who has cold sweat? Nizamiddinov was
covered with cold sweat: "Can't you kill an old man?"
(S. Ahmad. "Judgement"). But Lukmonchan was
covered with cold sweat when he reached the top floor
of the armature as high as a poplar tree. (A. Mukhtar.
"Birth") [OTFL, 235].
The famous writer T. Malik uses the universal phrase
"take off your hat, take off your head", omitting some
components: he is a necessary man for the Bolsheviks.
Do not try to take away his hat. It's all right if the colour
is blue. No name should be left of him. (T. Malik).
Instead of the part "take away his head" the phrase
"blow his ashes into blue" is used. In this case the
expressiveness of the expression increases greatly.
А. Kahkhor adds a component to this idiom and
created a new idiom based on transformation: In fact,
any person who remembers the cemetery on such
nights, especially one who has come out of the age of
the Prophet and put his shroud in a chest, Grows
sweaty. When he thinks of lying in the graveyard, he
sweats even more (A. Kahkhor). Due to this, they
managed to increase the effectuality of the expression
and exaggerate some of the character features of the
hero.
А. The lexemes "hot" and "cold" in our language
Kahkhor "are pleasant to a person; skilfully using
antonymy of the sixth term having the meanings
"pleasant" and the ninth term having the meanings
"unpleasant, sad, unpleasant", he creates a new
phrase: "He sent a letter to my friend" they laughed
and laughed when they heard my answer: "You won't
catch cold if you write warm letters, but if you write
cold ones! " they said, tearing up my letter (A.
Kahkhor).
In the common language there are such phrases as "to
show with the tip of the foot" and "to show with the
foot" and have the meaning "not to look down on, to
treat with contempt". In addition, the phrase "to fall at
his feet", which is its antonym, has the meaning "to be
modest, to be humble". When quoting these two
phrases one after the other, the meaning was
reinforced: For him there is no one equal to him in the
world, the people he knows are either below him or
above him; He points his foot at the man who is below
him and falls at the feet of the man who is above him
(A. Kahkhor). In this case, the phrases played a special
role in describing the character of the hero and
exaggeration of the character.
- Talib will not take your money, the prosecutor will
take it, you fool!
- The prosecutor will collect lagmon," Yagub mumbles,
turning his face away (N. Abbaskhan. "Shorkishlak").
The dictionary explains the universal phrase "tabi hira"
as follows:
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Whose ta'b(i) is dark? bad mood, upset Variant: ta'b(i)
darkness, nature(s) is gloomy. Synonym: whose mood
is spoilt? Whose is it?
Tajiboy came in and said, "Isn't the work done, your
appetite seems to have dulled?" - "Yes," said
Kholmurod quietly, "if a man like you doesn't help..."
(P. Tursun.) Teacher") . Only Guzor-bey was in a bad
mood and did not open her eyes. (Sh. Toshmatov. "Bird
Man"). The discussion began. But Sherbek did not
listen to the words, he was a man of prayer. (S.
Anorboyev. "Aksoy"). He returned to Rakhmonkulov's
office. He was very tired, sullen and nervous, as if he
had lost something. (A. Mukhtar. "Birth"). [OTFL, 250-
251].
Kahkhor modifies a component of the universal phrase
"tabi hira" and creates the phrase "tabi kir". In the
denotative schema of this phrase, the feature is
stronger in the form "dirty" than "unclean". Also the
universal phrase "I'm disappointed" is transformed
into the style "I'm disappointed" and through the use
of two phrases which are contextual synonyms
describes the character's character more clearly: Once
I was stuck among five or six women with my eyes
open, and I was upset for a long time, My taste was
dirty (A. Kahkhor).
The universal expressions "freeze your tongue, stop
rolling around in your mouth" are modified by
removing some components, creating gradation
through comparison. The denotative meaning is
stronger in the phrase "tongue does not roll around in
the mouth" than in the phrase "freeze the tongue". For
example: At this time the tongue freezes and does not
move in the mouth, and if it moves, it serves as a fist
(A. Kahor).
The famous writer S. Ahmad also used phrases in his
works in an effective manner. Therefore, the language
of his works is juicy, pleasant to the reader and will
remain in his memory for a long time. Pay attention to
the use of the following phraseological synonyms: No
matter how much trouble he went to, no matter what
he did, if his father looked into his eyes, he would not
turn away from his face, would not open his mouth in
a hurry (S. Ahmad). In this case, the phrases "do not
rush" and "do not open your mouth" are used side by
side. In this case, the denotative symbols are expressed
more strongly in "don't open your mouth" compared
to "don't run". The phrases create the phenomenon of
gradation. Aziz Khan raised his head, could not say
anything to him, endured his fists and beatings, and did
not care (S. Ahmad). The phrase "does not
correspond" in the example forms a synonymic
relationship with the phrase above.
In common parlance there is a phrase "to pour blood
over the eyes", and its semantic meaning includes "to
redden the eyes from intense anger, to reach a state of
pain and revenge" [O'TFL, 137]. There is also the word
combination "to open the eyes" and its semantic
component contains the meaning "to open the eyes
wide and squint from anger" [OTFL, 139]. O'Hoshimov
slightly changes the components of these two phrases,
transforming them, and applying them sequentially,
the image becomes clearer and the expression more
expressive: Djumanov's blood-filled eyes popped out
of their orbits and screamed. (O. Hoshimov).
In Uzbek language there is a word combination "to
break your heart" and a word combination "to beat
your heart", which is a synonym of the word
combination "to let blood out of the heart". The
semantic structure of the word combination contains
the meaning of "suffering beyond the norm". S. Ahmad
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages
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VOLUME
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P
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18-24
OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
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Servi
creates a gradation by contrasting two phrases close in
meaning, and skillfully uses them to convey to the
reader the hero's state of mind: One of those whose
hearts are broken when he dies (S. Ahmad).
CONCLUSION
In general, famous Uzbek writers replace some of their
components and process them on the basis of the
transformation method in order to increase the
effectiveness of universal phrases in speech and
strengthen their connotation. As a consequence, the
expressions effectively used in describing characters
and conveying events serve to enrich the phraseology
of the Uzbek language.
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