International Journal Of Literature And Languages
86
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue03 2025
PAGE NO.
86-89
10.37547/ijll/Volume05Issue03-22
Literary influence is the objective law of the
development of artistic creation
Saidova Rizvon Mustafo qizi
Jizzakh Regional Center of Pedagogical Excellence Methodologist of Native Language and Literature, Uzbekistan
Received:
24 January 2025;
Accepted:
23 February 2025;
Published:
25 March 3025
Abstract:
This article talks about the fact that literary influence is an objective law of the development of artistic
creativity and the forms of literary influence. Information on internal and external effects is provided. The fact
that Abdulla Qadiri was influenced by the works of the Arab writer George Zaydon, and the famous Turkmen
writer Khidir Deryayev's novel "The Past Days" by Abdulla Qadiri were analyzed on the basis of the laws of literary
influence.
Keywords:
Influence, creative communication, internal influence, external influence, admiration, creative
appropriation, interpretation.
Introduction:
In his speech at the meeting on
spirituality and enlightenment on December 22, 2023,
President Shavkat Mirziyoyev stated: "Whether
someone likes it or not, our people must follow the
path shown by our Jadid ancestors. Their ideas and
programs are in complete harmony with the strategy of
building a new Uzbekistan." He spoke about the
importance of the ideas and programs of our Jadid
ancestors. Furthermore, the President emphasized the
need for well-rounded individuals educated on the
basis of national upbringing, whose works are imbued
with national character, and who can nurture the
growing young generation through their own works:
"At present, as our country is entering a new, advanced
stage of its development, we desperately need
qualified personnel like our Jadid ancestors, who are
educated in Western scientific achievements while
being steeped in the spirit of national values."
Abdulla Qodiriy is one of our passionate Jadid ancestors
who promoted ideas such as freedom, national
upbringing, and national values in his works. It is known
that the early period of Abdulla Qodiriy's work was
infused with Jadidist ideas. His poems and works such
as "Fikr aylagil," "Ahvolimiz," and "Millatimga bir
qaror," written to enlighten the people and bring them
knowledge and enlightenment, are considered
powerful spiritual and aesthetic means that strongly
influence the reflection of reality. In literary works, the
problems of a certain period, peoples, and nations are
reflected artistically in various hues, serving to form
and cultivate vivid noble qualities in people.
Main Part
The centuries-old history of literature and art
demonstrates that there have never been writers who
remained confined within their national boundaries,
who did not learn from the exemplary works of brilliant
wordsmiths from other nations, as well as from their
own predecessors' truthful artistic portrayals of life, or
who were not inspired by them. Indeed, thinking
beyond national boundaries and engaging in broad-
scale intellectual and creative exchange has always
been a key characteristic of progressive aesthetic views
[1, p.65].
In literary studies, although some monographs and
scholarly collections have briefly touched upon the
issue of literary influence in A. Qodiriy's work, the
matter has not been comprehensively and objectively
assessed in the author's oeuvre.
Despite numerous opinions on literary influence in
Abdulla Qodiriy's work expressed in articles and
monographs by Sobir Mirvaliyev, M. Qo'shjonov, N.
Soatova, and other literary scholars, the problems of
literary influence in Qodiriy's works have not been
systematically studied as a specific research subject.
One of the pressing issues in our literary studies is to
scientifically examine the essence of literary influence
in A. Qodiriy's work, to study the writer's oeuvre based
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
87
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
on literary connections and creative influences, to fully
substantiate the artist's mastery, and to evaluate it
according to the principles of realistic art. Literary
connections and influences are international in nature,
and it is considered conditional to speak about the
influence and role of a particular artist on another
creator's work. Some textbooks and manuals from the
former Soviet era demonstrate a one-sided approach
to the issue of literary influence. For instance, in the
"Dictionary of Literary Terms" compiled by H. Homidiy
and Sh. Abdullayeva, information about M. Gorky's
fruitful influence and Mayakovsky's impact on the
poetry of Uzbek poets Hamid Olimjon and G'afur
G'ulom is presented as follows:
Often, the progressive ideas and creative methods of
accomplished poets and writers who preceded or were
contemporary to them become a school of mastery for
subsequent generations of writers. M. Gorky had a
profound and productive influence on many writers of
his time, including S. Ayniy and Oybek. As a result of the
beneficial influence of M. Gorky's works "Childhood,"
"My Universities," and "Among People," S. Ayniy
created "Memoirs," and Oybek wrote the novella
"Childhood." Influenced and inspired by Mayakovsky's
free verse, poets like G'afur G'ulom and Hamid Olimjon
created beautiful examples of "platform literature" in
Uzbek Soviet poetry. Hamid Olimjon's "Valley of
Happiness" and "Death to the Enemy," and G'afur
G'ulom's "To the Standard-Bearer," "On the Roads of
Turksib," and "You Are Not an Orphan" are works
written under the inspirational influence of
Mayakovsky's poetry [2, p. 38].
Literary influence plays a key role in the creation of
many works, but the works mentioned in the above
source lead to the conclusion that they were created
mainly under the creative influence of Russian
literature. The issue of literary influence is one of the
most comprehensive and complex processes in literary
studies. When writers of any nation create a work, they
are primarily nourished by the literature of their own
people, as well as by exemplary works of world
literature. Writers like Oybek and H. Olimjon, during
their creative process, were influenced by the works
they read or by ideas that emerged during translation,
which sometimes became the impetus for their works.
Therefore, the literary influence of Mayakovsky on the
works of H. Olimjon and G. G'ulom is debatable. We do
not intend to deny the influence of Mayakovsky's
poetry with these thoughts. We want to emphasize
that the works of certain creators are influenced by
their national literature, as well as Russian and world
literature. Focusing solely on the literary influence of
one creator on the works of writers and drawing
conclusions based on this may lead to a narrower
understanding and interpretation of literary influence,
and may result in a lack of depth in revealing the skills
of writers. Researcher Sukhrob Saitov's article "Literary
Influence and National Mentality in American and
Uzbek Literature" discusses that literary influence does
not constitute a specific period, its spatial and temporal
scope is broad, and how literary influence is realized
and what form and content it takes can be periodized.
The author of the article also cites the following two
principles of the origin of literary influence:
1.
A certain creator directly reads the works of
another wordsmith, becomes aware of them, and this
manifests itself in some way in their works;
2.
Literary influence arising from translations: in
this case, it is either translated by the creator
themselves, or the principle of literary influence
emerges as a result of reading translated works [3, p.
144]
Indeed, literary influence is one of the main processes
in the structure of literary traditions, and one of the
fundamental principles in the emergence of literary
influence is the impact on the creator during the
creative or translation process while reading a work.
However, in our opinion, Suhrob Saitov's justification of
the principles underlying the issue of literary influence
is presented in a somewhat narrow scope. In Volume II
of "Theory of Literature," compiled in 1979 under the
editorship of M. K. Nurmuhammedov, the following
foundations for the origin of literary influence are
presented:
1.
A writer's acquaintance with the literature of
another nation in its original form;
2.
The penetration and influence of one literature
into another through translation;
3.
Creative assimilation of ideas, plots, and
images existing in one literature;
4.
Adaptation of historically and geographically
distant events to one's national context;
5.
Living creative relationships between writers of
different nationalities;
6.
The creation of an image representing one
nation in another national literature;
7.
The influence of creative connections on the
qualitative change and enrichment of literature;
8.
Comparative study of similar images found in
the verbal art of closely related peoples, and so on [1,
p. 69]
Suhrob Saitov's interpretation of the second principle
that justifies the origin of literary influence, namely the
literary influence that arises through translation, is
well-founded. As the majority of creators engage in
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
88
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll
International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
literary translation, the inspiration derived from a
work, and the creation of new themes, ideas, forms,
and images as a result of being influenced during the
process of translating works by writers of other nations,
is one of the frequent occurrences in literary studies.
The issue of literary influence is one of the means of
ensuring the continuity of literary tradition, creative
succession, and mentor-student relationships. Since
the emergence of fiction, our people, initially
influenced by examples of oral folk art, have played a
key role in reworking literary works, enriching them
with their impressions and experiences, and passing
them down from century to century. For instance,
Abdulla Qodiriy emphasized that events he heard from
his father formed the basis for certain incidents in his
major works such as "O'tkan kunlar" (Days Gone By)
and "Mehrobdan chayon" (Scorpion from the Altar).
Similarly, H. Olimjon recalls the fairy tales told by his
grandmother in the fairy tale-epic "Oygul bilan
Baxtiyor" (Oygul and Bakhtiyor). Consequently, literary
influence also plays a role in the events heard by
creators in oral form.
In the doctoral dissertation of Professor N. Soatova, the
influence of oral folk art, including folk books and epic
poems, on the creation of A. Qodiriy's novel "O'tkan
kunlar" (Days Gone By) is discussed. In her dissertation,
the scholar studied the influence of folk books and the
epics of A. Navoi on the work of A. Qodiriy and came to
the following conclusion:
In the emergence of "O'tkan kunlar" as the first Uzbek
historical novel, not only Eastern and Western novel
writing but also, first and foremost, Uzbek folklore and
the epic traditions of our classical literature played a
crucial role in shaping the uniqueness and mastery of
the great writer's work.
Consequently, no matter how much he was influenced
by Arab and Western novel writing, it is impossible to
study Abdulla Qodiriy's work in isolation from national
literary sources. Indeed, it was natural for the writer
who committed himself to "familiarizing our people
with contemporary "Tohir Zuhra," "Chor Darvesh,"
"Farhod and Shirin," and "Bahromg'ur" to be
sufficiently familiar with our oral and written literature,
and for this influence to be directly and indirectly
reflected in "Days Gone By." [6, p.4]
In literary studies, traditionalism and innovation are
interconnected literary categories that require and
complement each other and are closely related to
modernity. Innovation does not deny progressive
literary traditions, but relies on them and creatively
uses them. [6, p.13]
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
It is known that there are several forms of studying the
issue in studies devoted to the study of literature from
each other, mutual creative relations, and existing in
scientific consumption.
As the process of influence occurs on the basis of the
above-mentioned forms of literary influence, the ideas
that are the result of these forms sink into the creator's
mind and, under the influence of other factors, the
artist touches upon the idea and theme that he is
developing in his imagination, is also considered a
natural phenomenon in the creative process. For
example, the famous Turkmen writer Khidir Deryayev,
after reading Abdulla Qodiriy's novel "Days Gone By,"
becomes very excited. Events encountered in the life of
the Turkmen people come to life before their eyes,
come alive in their imagination, and inspire them to
create a work. The writer Kh. Deryayayev explains his
impressions and excitement from the novel "Days Gone
By" as follows:
The idea that arose in me as a result of the influence of
the novel "Days Gone By," - says Kh. Deryaev, - did not
leave me in peace during the years of study in Tashkent,
and even after returning to work in Ashgabat. Although
I kept the events of the novel I wanted to write and its
characters in my heart for a long time, I couldn't get to
work quickly. Kh. Deryaev began writing only in 1933.
[1, B, 83]
One of the factors that influenced Abdulla Qodiriy's
writing of novels was Russian and world novel writing,
more precisely, the great representative of Arabic
literature and the historian Jurji Zaydon. It is known
that the writer himself mentioned this and
acknowledged that "the Egyptian scholar who inspired
me to write the novel was mentor Jurji Zaydon" (Sharq
Haqiqati newspaper, 1929, issue 284). [4, p. 79]
In the article of Sabir Mirvaliev, information is given
that at the same time, such great artists as George
Zaydon were influenced by Western novels, in
particular, by such writers as W. Scott, W. Hugo, and
that nineteen historical novels created by George
Zaydon were also created under the influence of
Western novels, primarily the work of W. Scott.
The above quotations indicate that the writer Khidir
Deryaev was creatively influenced by Abdulla Qodiriy,
Abdulla Qodiriy by the Arab writer George Zaydon, and
George Zaydon by writers such as W. Scott and W.
Hugo. Thus, it is no exaggeration to say that literary
influence in the creative process is one of the important
processes that passes from century to century as a
creative heritage to the creative generation after
master writers, inspires them, expands their creative
observations, and encourages the writer to conduct a
comparative analysis.
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
89
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International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834)
The influence and interaction arising as a result of the
interaction of different national literatures, inextricably
linked with the process of artistic creation, is one of the
most complex and multifaceted issues of literary
studies. It includes, first of all, the concept of internal
and external influence. Internal influence is a
phenomenon that continues within the framework of
one nation's literature; a major artist of the past
century can depict writers of the next century with
their fluent style of expressing immortal ideas, folk
language, and variety of genres. This influence is
manifested both among individual writers and in the
form of a holistic influence of the literary movement of
one period on the literary movement of another
period. [1, p. 67]
After all, the formation of the originality and skill of the
great writer's work in the emergence of "Days Gone By"
as the first Uzbek historical novel played an important
role not only in the novels of the East and West, but
also, first of all, in the epic traditions of Uzbek folklore
and classical literature.
Of course, agreeing with the scientist's opinion, we
want to say that the factors of internal influence also
have a special place in the writer's work. Abdulla
Qodiriy is a connoisseur of Eastern and Western
literature. When writing his works, the writer was
primarily influenced by the national foundation. We
can say that he created his works under the influence
of our Uzbek life, traditions, historical real materials,
and progressive traditions of Uzbek and world
literature.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it should be noted that since the
emergence of literature, literary influence has been
developing alongside it. The influence of oral folk art
also plays a significant role in the creation of the works
of writers. Creative influence is one of the main
processes in the structure of literary traditions and,
passing from century to century, occupies an important
place in the development of fiction. Each literature has
its own originality. The influence of the literature of
another nation, along with being of primary
importance in the development of the national literary
process, is a means of inspiration after the imagination
and impressions received by creators from internal
influence. Because for every writer, the materials given
by the life of the national people, childhood memories,
as well as the phenomena of learning from the classical
literature of their people, are of primary importance in
the lives of writers.
REFERENCES
M.K.Nurmuhammedov. Theory of Literature.Volume II
- T.: Fan, 1979.
H.Homidin, Sh. Abdullayeva. Dictionary of Literary
Terms. - T.: Teacher, 1970.
Saitov Sukhrob. Literary influence and national
mentality in US and Uzbek literature. Journal of
Innovation in the Social Sciences. Volume: 04
Publication: 01/ January 2024
Karimov Bakhodir. The problem of interpretation in
Uzbek literary studies of the 20th century. - T., 2002.
Sobir Mirvaliyev. Article.
N. Soatova. Traditions of epic depiction in Abdulla
Qodiriy's novel "Days Gone By." Ph.D. diss. - 2001.
