Physics

Subject of investigation: as the subjects of the investigation geliorccievers of the Solar air heaters of the different geometry arc concerned.
The aim of the work: the investigation of the heat issue and hydraulic resistance of the solar air heaters with intensification of the heat issue.
Method of the investigation: experiment, physics and mathematics modeling, equation solutions.
Received results and their actuality: methods of rational intensification of the heat issue by the means of by-thc-wall influence in the heat outing channels with the low speeds of flows; empirical depending of the heat exchanging and hydraulic resistance of the heat outing surfaces of the following type: diffuser - confessor, with perforation of discreet fault; criteria’s of the effectiveness, based on the analogical laws of Reynolds and methods of the similar power consumption; diffuser - confessor surface with the comers of the diffuser opening 12,7 and equivalently distance of the diffuser - confessor 5:1; in which diffuser’s part is made in the type of Zhukovskiy’s profile, what gives the opportunity to lowdown profile part of the hydraulic resistance.
Practical importance: the present investigations allowed to get information on the heat exchanging and hydraulic resistance of the heat outing channels with the following types of the surface: diffuser - confessor, with perforation and discreet fault; offered concreted model of the intensification of the heat exchange on the surface of the diffuser - confessor type: the received experimental information on the heat exchange and hydraulic resistance may be recommended for the usage in the projecting of the effective solar air hitters.
Level of the interference and economical effectiveness: the results of the scientific investigations and practical recommendations arc used in the following works: “Intensification of the heat exchange in the channels of the solar air heaters made for the specialists, worked on the problems of the construction and design of the solar air heaters, and also for megastars, aspirants who conduct scientific investigations in the field of geliotcchnics and heat techniques; experimental example of the solar air heater with perforation gcliorecieving devices, used in the technological process of the heating of the fruits and vegetables in the Turakurgan’s plant (Namangan city) in the methodological guides on the course.
“ The Planning process of the experimental investigations” and practical works of the students of the energetic faculty of the Fergana Polytechnic Institute
The field of appliance: heating systems, Systems of the Solar heat providence.

Mazkur maqolada kimyo fanini o'qitishda o‘quv tadqiqotlaridan samarali foydalanishning o‘mi borasida fikr yuritilgan. Unda hammaga qiziqarli bo’lgan issiq va sovuq suvning muzlash tezligini solishtirishga asoslangan tadqiqot tahliliga urg'u bcrilgan. Bunday yondshuv ta’lim oluvchilaming tabiiy-ilmiy savodxonligini oshirishga hamda ijodiy qobiliaytlarini rivojlantirishga yordam bcrishi asoslangan.

Актуальность работы. Интенсивное развитие оросительных мелиораций в Каршинской степи явилось мощным антропогенным фактором, изменившим водный и солевой режимы зоны аэрации и как следствие, мелиоративную обстановку на площади более 250 тыс.га. В зоне влияния Каршинского магистрального канала на массивах орошения и обводнения, вблизи водохнилищ и сбросных водоемов стали интенсивно разбиваться процессы вторичного засоления почв и подниматься уровень грунтовых вод. Сренегодовая минерализация грунтовых вод на орошаемых массивах увеличилась с 2-3 г/л до 4,5-5,0 г/л.
Водохозяйственная деятельность и мелиоративная ситуация, сложившаяся к концу 80-х годов, привели к снижению плодородия почвь на значительных территориях в результате их подтопления и засоления а также в ряде случаев загрязнения тежельми металлами.
В настоящее время В Каршинской степи орошается около 270 тыс.га. С целью снижения У ГВ интенсивно строится дренаж.К 1991 году орошаемые площади с дринажем составили 242 тыс.га. Строительство дренажа в какой-то мере снизило развитие негативных процессов. Однако существенного улучшения эколого-мелиоративной ситуации не наблюдается. В этой связи актуальной проблемой является разработка системы обоснованных мероприятий по улучшению экологической и мелиоративной обстановки в регирне.
Цель и задачи исследований. Цель настоящей работы заключается в разработке рекомендаций по улучшению эклолого-мелиоративной ситуации на орошаемых массивах Каршинский степи.
Для реализации цели было решены слудуещие задачи:
- выполнен анализ существующей водохозяйственной деятельности и оцеино ее влияние на формирование эколого-мелиоративной ситуации в регионе;
уточнено водохозяйственное районирование бассейна реи Кашкадарья применительно к совершенствованию управления водными ресурсами и выявлена возможность субирригации;
- оценено по ключевым участкам эколого-мелиоративное состояние земель;
- на основе прогнозов водно-солевого режима почв азработаны рекомендации по улучшению эколого-мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель.
Научная новизм. 1. Дана характеристика эколого-мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель и уточнено водохозяйственной районирирование приметельно к задачам управления водными ресурсами.
2. Усовершенствована технология способа субирригации путем регулирования коллекторно-дренажного стока с помоўью специальнқх устойств; прдложены расчетные формулы прзволяющие определить рациональное расстояние между регулирующими, и даны рекомендации по сокращению оросительных норм.
3. Разработаны рекомендации по улучшению эколого-мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель и эксплуатации коллек горно-дренажной сети Каршинской степи.
выводы
1. Переброска Амударьинской вода в Каршинской магистральный канал (КМК) в 1973 году должна была создать наиболее эффективноные условия для использования водио-земельннх ресурсов массива. Однако наряду о положи тельным эффектом произошло и нежелательные изменения эколого-мелиоративаных условий региона, заключающиеся в следующем: за 20 лет освоения не была достигнута проектная урожайность хлопчатника (1973 г. - 26,3 ц/га, 1978 г. - 27,8 ц/га, 1990. - 22,8 ц/га), начался ннтенсиный подаем УГВ (до орошения фунтовые воды залегали на глубине 5-15 м и более) в 1973 г. со 3-4 и/год, 1974 г. - 2,34 м/год, 1978 г. - 1,67 м/год, 1980 г. - 0,22 год, 1991г. - 0,12 м/год. К настоящему время 35-40%к орошаемой плошоды засолено. Увеличилась минерализация оросительной воды, минерализация и объем стока коллекторнодренажных вод. Внесение повешенной нормы минеральных удобрения, постесидов и ядохимикатов назвали загрязнение почв.
1. По многолетним статиотичеаким данным (1973-1991 гг.) проанализирована водохозяйственная деятельность в Каршинской степи. Выявлено, что к настоящее времени удельной водозабор составляет 8 тыс.м3 при КПД равным 0,56 (проектный 0,75), что недостаточно для хлопково-люцернового севооборота.
2. При уточнении водохозяйственного районирования всего бассейна реки Кашкадерья выделено три водохозяйст венных района.
Для каждого района составлен упрощенный водохозяйственный баланс и найдены корреляционные связи между объемами водозабора и возвратных вод для разработки математических моделей использования водах ресурсов.
3. Исследована эффективность субирригации и шявяены площади для ее эффекгивного применения. Предложен способ риулирования коллекторно-древахного стока при помощи специально разработанного устройства "Каскад". Предложена расчегные формулы для количественной оценки зоны подпоре грунтошх вод вблизи коллекторов и дрен, что дает возможность рассчитывать площади влияния регулирующих устройств я определить рациональные расстояния между ниш, а также разработать рекомендации по совращению ороси тельных норм в зонах субиррягации.
5. Выполнен прогноз водно-солевого режима орошаемых земель Каршинской степи, для чего использована многокомпонентная модель солепереноса. 11роведан» полевые исследования и лабораторные парамегра модели для рассматривавших условий. Выполненные по модели расчеты позволили обосновать величины оросительных норм (9,3 -11,1 тыс.м.нетто), обеспечивающие поддержание благоприятного водно-солевого режима почв при допустимых урошях грунтовых воя.
4. Для улучшения эколого-мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель необходимо ciporo соблюдать мероприятия, включающие в оебя промывку засоленных земель, обоснованный водно-соленвыми прогнозами режим орошения, рациональную эксплуатацию коллектерно-дренажной сети, включая регулирование уровня в о ткры тых коллекторах для создания субирригации.
По теме диссертации автором опубликовано 22 работы, основные из которых следующие:
1. Исследование метола расчета критического уровня залегания фунтовых вод на орошаемых землях. Тезисы докладов Всесоюзной научно практической конференции молодых ученых по проблеме "Экологическое совершенствование мелиоративное систем" М.: ВВИИЬМ, 1989,0,04 п.л. (в соавторстве).
2. Критерий оценки мелиоративного состояния орошаемых земель. Журнал "Сельское хозяйство Узбекистана". Ташкент, 1989,
JS 6, ОД пл. (в соавторстве).
3. Некоторые проблему подземной гидросферы Кигабо-Шахрисабской иожгорной лядины, Тезисы докладов научно фаятлчеоной конференции молодых ученых и специалистов Средней Азии по экологическим проблемам бассейна Аральского моря. Нукус, 1992,0,04 п.л.(в соавторстве).
4. Рекомендации по стабилизации подземных вод бассейна реки Кашкадарья. Журнал "Сельское хозяйство Узбекистана". Ташкент, 1992, Л 8,9 0,22 ц.л. (в соавторстве).
5. Рекомендации по улучшению экодого-мелиора равного состояния орошаемых земель первой очереди Каршинской стели. М.:ВНИИГиМ, 1992, 1,36 пл. (в соавторстве).
6. Эколого-меляоретивное воздействие субирригации в аридной зоне. М.: Труды ВНИИГиМ, 1992,0,21 п.л. (в соавторстве).
7. Изменение гидрогеолого-мелиоративных условий под влиянием ирригационных систем. М.: НТК ШШ. 1992,0,04 пл.

Объекты исследования: голономные и неголономные механические системы с неидеальными и с условными неидеальными связями (связи с трением, сервосвязи), в том числе фрикционный регулятор скорости при наличии условной неидеальной связи.
Цель работы: исследование движения механических систем с неидеальными связями путем использования расширенного метода комбинирования связей; выделение класса механических систем, как с голономными, так и с неголономными неидеальными связями, анализ которых становится возможным благодаря использованию этого метода; приложение теоретических положений к решению конкретных задач; исследование на устойчивость программных движений фрикционного регулятора при наличии условной неидеальной связи и определение их оптимальной стабилизации.
Методы исследования: методы аналитической механики, теории дифференциальных уравнений, теории устойчивости и стабилизации движений, механики управляемого движения; теории П Пенлеве для систем с неидеальными связями, и А Бегена для систем с условными связями.
Полученные результаты и их новизна: обобщен метод комбинирования связей, на основе которого предложена новая методика составления дифференциальных уравнений движения для голономных и неголономных систем с неидеальными связями; дано обобщение принципа наименьшего принуждения Гаусса для неголономных систем с неидеальными связями в случае возможных перемещений, удовлетворяющих расширенному методу комбинирования связей; получены условия устойчивости и оптимальной стабилизации программных движений управляемого фрикционного регулятора.
Практическая значимость: Предлагаемый метод позволяет расширить класс задач, содержащих механические системы с неидеальными связями, для которых возможно получить дифференциальные уравнения движения, определить силы связей и закон трения системы; определить силовое воздействие, реализующее условную связь.
Степень внедрения и экономическая эффективность:
результаты данной работы используются в учебном процессе при чтении специальных курсов по аналитической механике и механике управляемого движения в рамках бакалавриата и магистратуры по направлению «Теоретическая механика» в Национальном Университете Узбекистана, а также при написании выпускных и диссертационных работ. Область применения: аналитическая механика; механика управляемого движения; результаты данной работы могут быть использованы при исследовании конкретных механических систем с трением, в частности при конструировании и использовании различных видов управляемых фрикционных редукторов, применяемых в текстильной промышленности, автомобилестроении и в других отраслях.

Бизга маълумки куритилаётган материал ни аппаратда бўлиш вақтини аниқлаш ва бунинг асосида қуритиш жараёнинг умумий ҳисоблаш учун куритгич орқали заррачаларнинг олдинга силжишини кетма-кет каскад цикллари оркали содир бўлади, бу ерда заррачанинг маълум бир циклдаги қар бир ҳаракати унинг барабан узунлиги бўйлаб ҳаракатланишига олиб келади ва ҳар бир циклдаги бу масофа куритгичнинг конструкцияси ва иш шароитларига боғлиқ бўлади. Заррача барабанда чексиз кўп йўллар билан ҳаракатлаганлиги сабабли, заррача ҳаракатини таҳлилини ўртача қийматлар учун оламиз.

Subject of the inquiry: tcnzosensitivity films Bi2Te3 , Sb2 Tc3 got under vacuum evaporation, high recouped silicon with deep level, flint p-n-transition, AGP film CdTc and Si.
Aim of the inquire is a study of mechanism origin EMF in p-n-transition in strong SRF floor. The Description speakers deforming effect in tcnzoscnsitivitics film by methods R(s) path and thermodynamics of the round-robin processes.
Methods of inquiry: The methods R(e) path in theories of the fluctuations. Modeling deforming effect. The Numerical experiments.
The results achieved and their novelty:
1. Reduction of vortical currents for the first time is shown at the expense of force Miller.
2. Method of thermodynamics of cyclic processes and (R (s)) diagrams for the first time is used for research of deformation effects in semiconductors.
3. Establish influence of the illumination of the own light on phase trajectory of deforming effect.
Practical value: Method phase path can be use when checking the features semiconductor. The Results studies of tcnzosensitivity can be used at development a new tenzogauges
Sphere of usage: Microelectronics, solid state physics, physics semiconductor, optoelectronics.

Subjects of the inquiry: the research objects arc synthetic polymers and low-molecular compounds. The subject of the research was determination of the quantitative relationships between structure and property in the selected class of compounds and systems.
Aim of the inquiry: development of topologic QSPR modeling for calculation of physical properties of polymers on the basis of information about their structure and with use of optimal descriptors based on statistical regularity as theoretical basis for determination of properties and purposeful synthesis of polymers.
Method of inquiry: for determining of the “structure - property” dependencies optimization of correlation weights of local graph invariants has been applied. Per se this approach is a hybrid of the additive scheme and the regression analysis based on structural descriptors.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time optimal descriptors have been used for the determining of the “structure - property” correlation. Application of local descriptors based on the optimization of correlative weights of local graph invariants for prediction of physical properties of single- and doublecomponent polymeric systems has been estimated. For the first time models of the glass transition temperature of polyarylcnoxides, the melting temperature of oligophcnilens and octanol-water partition coefficients of organic substances have been estimated as well as the Flory-Huggins parameter, lower critical temperatures of blendings and the intrinsic viscosity of two-componcntal of “polymer-solvent” systems.
Practical value: practical relevancy includes the fact that models of various characteristics of polymeric systems allows to predict by the calculation way above mentioned characteristics for wide range of single- and double-components “polymer-dissolvent” systems obtained which makes unnecessary complicated and expensive and sometimes even technically labor-intensive experiments.
Sphere of usage: research method, obtained “structure - property” models and prediction algorithms can be used:
• for analysis of set of polymeric structures in order to select prospective structures for technological implementation of practical tasks in physics and chemistry of high-molecular compounds;
• for researches in the field material science during investigation of the “structure - property” dependencies for high-molecular single- and doublecomponents systems;
• in educational process in material-sciences high education institutes.

Subjects of the inquiry: the research objects arc synthetic polymers and low-molecular compounds. The subject of the research was determination of the quantitative relationships between structure and property in the selected class of compounds and systems.
Aim of the inquiry: development of topologic QSPR modeling for calculation of physical properties of polymers on the basis of information about their structure and with use of optimal descriptors based on statistical regularity as theoretical basis for determination of properties and purposeful synthesis of polymers.
Method of inquiry: for determining of the “structure - property” dependencies optimization of correlation weights of local graph invariants has been applied. Per se this approach is a hybrid of the additive scheme and the regression analysis based on structural descriptors.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time optimal descriptors have been used for the determining of the “structure - property” correlation. Application of local descriptors based on the optimization of correlative weights of local graph invariants for prediction of physical properties of single- and doublecomponent polymeric systems has been estimated. For the first time models of the glass transition temperature of polyarylenoxidcs, the melting temperature of oligophcnilens and octanol-water partition coefficients of organic substances have been estimated as well as the Flory-Huggins parameter, lower critical temperatures of blendings and the intrinsic viscosity of two-componcntal of “polymer-solvent” systems.
Practical value: practical relevancy includes the fact that models of various characteristics of polymeric systems allows to predict by the calculation way above mentioned characteristics for wide range of single- and double-components “polymer-dissolvent” systems obtained which makes unnecessary complicated and expensive and sometimes even technically labor-intensive experiments.
Sphere of usage: research method, obtained “structure - property” models and prediction algorithms can be used:
• for analysis of set of polymeric structures in order to select prospective structures for technological implementation of practical tasks in physics and chemistry of high-molecular compounds;
• for researches in the field material science during investigation of the “structure - property” dependencies for high-molecular single- and doublecomponents systems;
• in educational process in material-sciences high education institutes.

The aim of the research work is theoretical development of mechanisms for increasing the efficiency of silicon solar photocells, increasing their guaranteed durability and reducing their cost significantly by using nanoscalc components.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
the characteristic properties of a silicon substrate enabling the realization of the proposed mechanism for the formation of a contact structure with nanocomponcnts were determined;
the conditions were clarified for the self-organization of nanostructures on the surface determined by the difference of constant lattices between the substrate and nanoinclusions that arise by mechanical tension and temperature regime;
the maximum and minimum sizes of nanocomponcnts were determined, which arc conditioned by the energy characteristics of contacting materials;
a mechanism was identified for the formation of a heterojunction, which includes a transition, a nanoscale chalcogenide point-а substrate forming a onedimensional needle-shaped specific electrostatic field that ensures the separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs;
on the basis of the developed model it was shown that uncontrolled partially-compensated deep impurities that arc available in the silicon substrate lead to an expansion of the spectrum of effective absorption of solar radiation into the longwave region;
It is shown that the depth of occurrence of the near-surface region of space charge has a linear dependence on the concentration of residual impurities in the silicon substrate and the dielectric constant of the nanoparticlc matter.
the advantages of a long near-surface of space charge region during the photovoltaic transformation and its difference from the classical p-n junction arc investigated. In particular, the separating field of a new contact structure begins from the surface of the substrate and extends deep into several tens of microns.
it is shown that in the developed contact structure, practically all the absorption of light and the production of electron-hole pairs occur in the space charge region, which leads to their instantaneous separation and transport. This factor removes strict requirements to the purity and crystallinity of the substrate material, and also makes it possible to use as a substrate a material in which carriers have a short lifetime and, correspondingly, a short mean free path.

The article talks about the role of experiments and forms of their organization in the organization of physics lessons in secondary schools.

Subject of research: Si, doped with Ho, La, Eu by diffusion method and during crystal grows, Si <Ho>, doped with Ti and Ni.
Purpose of work: studying of properties
Methods of research: deep levels transient spectroscopy, photocapacity and infrared spectroscopy.
The results obtained and their novelty: For the first time it is carried out complex research of properties Si with impurity holmium, europium and lanthanum is carried out and it is revealed that introduction of these doping by high temperature diffusions leads to the existing changes of clcctrophysic properties of silicon. Efficiency of formation of levels Ho, La and Eu in silicon depends on technology factors have been investigated. For the first time energetic specter DL was determined with the help of spectroscopy capacity, created by atoms Ho, La and Eu in silicon at their diffusion introduction. It is revealed that diffusion introduction in these impurity leads to decrease of efficiency formation of thermal and radiating defects and stabilization of parameters silicon.
It is established that doped impurity REE during crystal grows, DL in noticeable evaporation is not observed, but the subsequent high temperature in an interval temperatures 1000-1200°C leads to activation of atoms REE and formation ofDL.
Practical value: the lead optimization of parameters Si, doped with REE can be serve as recommendations at creation of new semi-conductor devices with stable and reproduced parameters.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the received results on increase of thermal stability and radiating stability of parameters of silicon introduction of Ho, La and Eu atoms can be used as recommendations at manufacturing various semi-conductor devices;
Field of application: semiconductor material researching, production of semiconductor devices, microelectronics and optoelectronics.

This article analyzes the poetic language, stylistic variety, and expressive richness found in the short stories of one of the prominent representatives of modern Uzbek literature—Khayriddin Sulton. The study focuses on his individual narrative style, use of artistic devices such as metaphors, epithets, and symbols, as well as the philosophical and lyrical-epic unity of his works. The article also highlights the author’s contribution to the genre of short stories, his approach to dialogue and character speech, and the national and spiritual depth present in his literary language. The analysis is based on Sulton's complete body of short stories, supplemented by scholarly critiques and literary studies.

 

 

Purpose of work: determination of the scientific-methodical possibilities of increasing of efficiency of the “Electromagnetism” part of physics in higher educational establishments, working out of a mcthodics of the improved teaching of the theoretical course, creation of methodical textbooks on the personally oriented technologies for independent work connected with lab works and adoption their to educational process.
Methods of research: Studies and critical analysis of pedagogical, didactical, methodical literature, critical studies of teaching programs, teaching aids and textbooks on physics for higher educational establishments, looking after the educational process, giving a talk with students and teachers, questionnaizing and testing of students, studies, analyzing and generalization of modem pedagogical technologies on these themes, statistical analysis of the results of these pedagogical experiments.
The recults obtained and their novelty: The methodical conditions for organization, carrying out, managing, improving of the personally-oriented teaching of physics arc determined. The types of educational processes, their structures, contents and conditions of their using arc worked out.
Practical value: The teaching aid “The self-educational tasks on general physics (Electromagnetism)” is created, published and introduced into educational process. This text allows to repeat “Electromagnetism” for short time. The posters and educational experiments arc elaborated too. More than 10 lab works and lab devices on “Electromagnetism” where created and modified.
A methodical complex “Case” for problem solving on physics was created and adopted to educational process. The form, content and mcthodics of independent doing experiments arc worked out.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: The results of the scientific investigations arc published as teaching aids and scientific articles. They arc incorporated into the educational process in our Republic.
Field of application: in educational and teaching process in the higher educational establishments.

Subject of research: manufacturing of the large size Si(Li) p-i-n and aSi-Si(Li) detector structures.
Purpose of work: investigation the features of formation of the large size high efficiency detector structures with optimal clcctrophysical and radio-metric properties as well as study of new physical mechanisms of influencing for formation their amplitude of energetic spectra.
Methods of research: method of investigation of current-voltage and volt-capacity characteristic of detector structures; method of investigation of features of photovoltagc in nonuniform area of the sensitive regions of Si(Li) p-i-n structure, as well as investigation of the structure research of aSi-Si(Li) interface.
The results obtained and their novelty: physic-technological methods of formation structures with of optimum properties of clectrophysical characteristics and radiometric properties of semiconductor detectors on the base of Si(Li) p-i-n structures and aSi-Si(Li) hcterostucturcs with large area arc developed; on the base of investigation of relaxation photoconductivity processes in Si(Li) p-i-n structure have been carried out that on the some regions of these area was pronounced a “well” on time dependence of photovoltage’s impulse after corresponding photoexcitation is observed; on the basis of analytical calculations of the trajectory of carriers transport in i - area of Si(Li) p-i-n structure where take into account the influence on this process of inhomogeneous potential field it has shown that under such conditions electrons and holes generated as a result of ionization of atoms by nuclear radiation moved forward longer trajectory in electric field direction in sensitive part of semiconductor detector.
Practical value: researched detectors structures Si(Li) p-i-n and aSi-Si(Li) have possess for understanding of physical processes in various large size semiconductor devices as well as practical value for improving of their characteristics.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: results of investigations had application for optimization of properties of Si(Li) semiconductor detectors at fulfilling contract work with OJSC «UzCRHRM», OJSC «Uzbckchimmash» with total financing around 20 million sum.
Field of application: investigated detector structures have prospects for developing of fundamental and applied problems of nuclear physics.

Subject of research: the photodiode Au-nAlGaAs-pGaAs-Ag, Au+Zn-p(AlGa)In As-nGaAs-Au, Au-p(A/Ga)InAs-nGaAs-Ag-structurcs, made by a method liquid of epitaxy.
Purpose of work: establishment of a physical nature of processes proceeding in the field of a volumetric charge heterojunction on a basis of arsenide gallium and its connections, and also research of influence of straightening barriers on ampcr's and spectral characteristics of three-barrier structure with various structure hcterowidc.
Methods of research: experimental methods of removal volt-ampcr's, volt -capacitor and spectral characteristics, technique of definition of characteristic parameters on the basis of experimental data.
The results obtained and their novelty:
1. For the first time arc developed multibarrier structures on a basis heterojunction pAlGalnAs-nGaAs and the role of straightening barriers in expansion of a spectral range in area is established.
2. Principles of creation three-barrier photodiode Au-pAlGaInAs-nGaAs:O-Ag-structurcs, quantities,(amounts,) based on a variation, Indium in hcterowidc for various purpose (appointment) for the first time arc offered.
3. Is established, that at excitation Au-pAli)i)SGa()g2^nniAs-nGaAs-Ag-structurc's from the party Ьс1сгослоя the high meanings (importance) of a photocurrent caused fine of area of division of photocarriers and serial compression cuasincytral of a part hcterowidc by a layer of a volumetric charge of locked transitions arc created.
4. Is experimentally shown, that in photodiode to structure the increase of thickness hcterowidc up to the sizes twice large diffusion of length can result in low meanings (importance) of a return current of transition the metal - semiconductor in comparison with a return current heterojunction, that the metal - semiconductor and change of the thermionic mechanism generation is explained by improvement of border.
Practical value: offered in dissertation to job of the recommendation simplify process of the coordination of target parameters of the photoreceiver with entrance parameters of the intensifying cascade photocurrent of devices optoelectronics and systems of telecommunication.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the received results arc a basis for development photocurrent of devices for reception and transfer of an optical signal in research-and-production associations Acadcmican sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan and other instrument-making organizations.
Field of application: technology and designing of the electronic equipment for micro and optoelectmics, and also telecommunication systems, means of transfer and reception of the information.

The aim of research work is to establish the mechanisms of current transfer in /fCdS - wCdS - pSi- и w+CdS - nCdS - wSi- heterostructures that act as injection photodetectors with internal amplification and tunable range of spectral sensitivity and patterns of formation of their volt-farad, dark and light current characteristics.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
for the first time developed the technology of the obtaining thin CdS films on silicon substrates by sputtering CdS powders in a quasi-closed vacuum system, and /TCdS - /?CdS - pSi and w+CdS - >?CdS - wSiheterostructures using them as injection photodetectors with internal amplification and tunable range of the spectral sensitivity;
it has been experimentally established that /?*CdS - nCdS -pSiheterostructures have a wide range of spectral sensitivity located in the wavelength range 389-1238 nm, with one high «peak» at 475 nm and three small "peaks” have different levels at wavelengths of 618 nm, 740 nm and 821.8 nm, respectively;
it has been prooved experimentally that thermodynamic equilibrium at the interface of the wCdS-pSi- heterojunction creates surface states of an acceptor type with a surface potential y/$= 0,04 eV, which acquire high values ( Vss) for negative polarities of the surface potential and when 0Ss is positive it acquires small values;
it was prooved that with increasing bias voltage, the injection of electrons from the pSi substrate into the base region leads to an increase in the photocurrent and an expansion of the spectral range toward short wavelengths is due to increase of the coefficient of accumulation of the charge carriers;
optimized technological regimesfor obtaining the contact region were found, to thin films of cadmium sulphide consisting of spraying indium in a vacuum to a heterostructure heated to 373 К followed by thermal annealing at 673 К for 30 seconds.

Actuality and demand of dissertation theme. Every year 10% of metals are destructed in result of corrosion rising owing chemical and electrochemical interactions with environment what has caned to financial waste amounting by millions of sums1. The material for mordent technologies - alloys on the base of iron in great degree undergo to corrosion under action of air’s oxygen, moisture and exide’s of sulfur, nitrogen and other chemically- active compounds.
During years of Independence in Republic the great attention has been devoted to development of scientifically investigation in field of chemical industry production of new type of productions and their realization and at this some results by satisfaction of local market in import substituted chemical products. From this paint of view for protection of metal equipment working in water systems, in nets of water-supplying, oil-pressuring and oil chemical industries and also energetically installations problem is arised by using of new inhibitors obtained in the base of organic and oligomeric compounds and grate degree prolonging time of its explutations.
Carrying out of purpose investigation by increasing of quality of metals and their effective using is important un all world at this special attention is devoted to following tasks: using of water-soluble oligomeric and polymeric inhibitors fighting with salt-deposits, determination of optimal conditions as of inhibition of metals corrosion, synthesis of water-soluble inhibitors on the base of nitrogen and phosphorous- containing compounds effectively protecting black and non-ferrous metals from corrosion in deferent mediums, investigation of mechanisms of their action, determination of different physic-chemical particulates. Investigation by protection properties abovementioned inhibitors in results of their adsorption interaction with surface of metallic equipment at different temperatures and studying of mechanisms of their action are at presence time are actual tasks.
This dissertation work is oriented on realization of decision of president of Republic Uzbekistan PP-1442 from 15 december 2010 year year «About priorities of development of industry of Republic Uzbekistan in 2011-2015 years» and also decisions of Cabinet Ministers of Republic Uzbekistan from 09.12.1992 year «About protection of environment of Republic Uzbekistan», from 27.05.2013 year «About program of additions by protections of environment of Republic Uzbekistan on 2013-2017 years».
Aim of investigation. Construction inhibitors of oligomerical type which are a new class of compounds of effective inhibitoral protection metals from corrosion investigation and physic-chemical regulatory of different mediums by watersoluble oligomer inhibitors.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research is concluded in following:
for the first time nitrogen, phosphorous and sulfur containing adducts of thiourea, urea melamine and oligomerical type on the base of phosphorus acid have been synthesized;
mechanisms interactions and protections of metals by oligomer inhibitors;
determination of optimal conditions of influence of concentration, temperature on corrosion current velocity of corrosion, degree of protection, coefficient of breaking, and also using of inhibitors for high effective protection;
degree of filling of electrodes and constants of adsorption equilibrium of metals corrosion by different nitrogen containing, organic compounds and also by adducts on the base phosphorous acid and oligomer inhibitors have been determined by electrochemical and gravimetrical methods;
it was shown that synthesized oligomers have formed protective lowers on the steel surface which in great degree have distinguished by composition and structure from initial samples in different mediums.
CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions on doctoral dissertation «Synthesis and physicchemical properties of oligomeric inhibitors of corrosion on the base of N, P, S containing compounds» are represented:
1. Number of nitrogen and phosphorous -containing adducts on the base of phosphates of thiourea, urea, melamine andhexamethylendiamine and also inhibitors of oligomeric type on thebase of nitrogen containing organic compounds and phosphoric acid have been synthesized. Molecular dynamical and quantum chemical characteristics of synthesized compounds were determined, mechanism of inhibition by oligomeric compounds was established and general regularities inheriting to such inhibitors were determined what mill promoted to elaboration of new approaches of purposeful synthesis of inhibitors.
2. It was shown that such oligomeric compounds as phosphate of dimethilourea (OIK.M-8) have displayed effect of inner molecular synergism owing to presence of different functional groups and mechanism of their adsorption is differed by fact of formation of more compact layers of inhibitors on the surf are of metal and correspondely increasing their inhibition effect.
3. By using kinetics and thermodynamically investigation it was shown that adsorption properties of inhibitors of oligomeric and low-molecular type have different about what high values of filling degree of electrode surface and constants of adsorption equilibrium are witnessed. Constant of equilibrium in 4 time is higher it’s value of low-molecular inhibitors.
4. Systematical studying of two component inhibitors on the base of dihydrophosphate of potassium was carried out and it was found that addition of second component has increased their inhibitional action, from obtained results conclusion have been mode about passible mechanism of their protective action which has included formation of thin layers of complex composition preventing appearance of ulcerous corrosion.
5. Effectively of inhibitor dimetilolmelamin in aggressive mediums with increasing temperature has increased before achieving definite temperature after which it didn’t changed what has indicated on chemo-sorption mechanisms of action of this inhibitor forming strong protective layers on the surface of protective metal.
6. Phosphates dimethilolurea and dimethilolmelamine in mediums with different values of pH have formed on the steal surface protective layers which differed by composition and structure from initial samples, it was determined that their compounds were acted as anionical inhibitors with braking of anodic process.
7. Oligomeric inhibitors of OIKM-8 and OIK.M-9 and composition on their base have demonstratedthe highest effectively and they were tested Becabod metallurgical combination, AJ «Navoiyazot», ООО «Elektr uskuna sozlash» and «Suvoqova» of PKP and also UDP «Fergana» NPZ.

The aim of the research work, theoretical studies of the temperature dependence of photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells prepared on the basis of amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si: H) and comparison with experimental results.
The object of the research work. The object of the study arc solar cells based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon, new equations of photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells on temperature and experimental data available in the scientific literature.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork.
A new expression formula is obtained for the open-circuit voltage from temperature using the semiempirieal method;
A new expression formula is derived for the temperature dependence of the short-circuit current density;
A new expression formula was obtained for the photoconductivity of the photoconductivity of solar cells and the dependence of this parameter on temperature was investigated;
New formulas arc derived for the temperature dependence of the effective voltage, current density, and power; it shows the correspondence between the calculated data and the experimental results;
For the first time, the dependence of the photovoltaic characteristics on the height of the potential barrier and on the photovoltaics non-idcality coefficient was researched.
Implementation of the research results. Based on the theoretical study of the temperature dependence of the photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells based on hydrogenated silicon: the results of a theoretical calculation of the temperature dependence of the photovoltaic characteristics of a solar cell based on amorphous hydrogenated silicon;
methods for determining the optimum working temperature of solar cells based on amorphous silicon and the effect of temperature on the dependence of the duty cycle of the light volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells;
were used by scientists of the Andijan State University to determine the influence of quantum effects on the processes of photogcncration and recombination in the implementation of a scientific grant of fundamental research on the subject OT-F2-28 "Quantum-dimensional effects on the surface and in the volume of doped silicon, and their effect on the photogcncration and recombination processes of carriers charge in p-n structures "(2007-2011) (reference No. FTA-02-11 / 478 of the Agency of Science and Technology of the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2017 on august 14). The use of scientific results made it possible to explain the temperature dependence of the photoelectric characteristics of solar cells.
The structure and the volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion, a list of references. The text of the thesis is presented on 130 pages of typewritten text, including 39 figures and 3 tables.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Oncological diseases firmly holds second place among the causes of death of people. Most probably, this trend will continue in the near future. Radiation therapy is recognized in modern medicine, one of the most effective methods in the treatment of cancer. According to WHO, about 70% of cancer patients in need of its various forms. However, there are some patients with radioresistant forms of malignant tumors, which are resistant to traditional radiation therapy, i.e. radiotherapy with gamma - radiation and electron. Therefore the search for and development of promising technologies that can overcome these serious illnesses continue At the beginning of the XXI century oncologists have high hopes associated with nuclear medicine. First of all, it is the neutrons of different energies, which are a source of operating nuclear reactors. The most successful neutrons treat tumors not amenable to photon radiation (and there are about 30% of all cancers).
The aim of the research work is to prepare the technology NCT binarytherapy for the treatment of malignant tumors in experimental model for further implementation it in clinical practice.
The tasks of research: Prepare the base for neutron capture therapy on an experimental animal tumors.
To determine the appropriate dose for the effective implementation of the NCT and the rate of elimination 157Gd gadolinium with intratumoral administration.
Evaluating the effectiveness of NCT conducted on animals with experimental tumors" sarcoma - 180".
Assessment of the extent of damage of the tumor and the number of bodies under the influence of NCT on the basis of pathological examination.
The object of the research work is experimental animal s with implanted tumors sarcoma 180.
Scientific novelty of the research work is parameters and methodology of NCT for the impact of the neutron beam reactor of INP AS of Uzbekistan to the primary tumor lesions. It has made investigations of the spatial localization of neutron beam with respect to the irradiated object (experimental rats), including the measurement of dose distributions of gamma and neutron radiation from the reactor channel depending on the neutron beam aperture. The range of change varies from beam aperture (10 -70) mm when irradiated, both animals and patients with malignant tumors.
For the first time, it’s investigated the pharmacokinetics of Magnevist at intratumoral administration, which revealed the time of introduction prior to irradiation.
First time, intact on animals showed that in comparison with NCT gamma irradiation does not cause significant side effects. Intraperitoneal administration Magnevist before irradiationNCT, in doses of 3 and 6 grams showed that this type of impact inhibited tumor growth but caused significant side effects when exposed to parenchymal organs.
For the first time studied the antitumor activity of NCT with intratumoral administration of the drug Magnevist 3 days after irradiation conducted on mice with tumor Sarcoma-180 proved to be quite intense, showing the prevalence of medical pathomorphism II -III degree is awarded a direct dependence of the effect on the radiation dose. In setting up a similar experience with long-term observations has shown that the drug Magnevist binary combination with NCT significantly inhibits tumor growth at 92-97%, with a predominance of medical pathomorphism 1I1-IV degree. The anti-tumor effect is in direct proportion to the dose and exposure time. Histology showed that NCT in 4 grams dose with intratumoral injection of Magnevist drug has no general toxic effects on internal organs (lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys).
The outline of the thesis.The results of the research allowed optimizing the conditions for neutron capture therapy using the drug Magnevista that formed the basis of the proposed method of complex treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. The new technique of neutron capture therapy can be applied in the study of the impact of both NCT Magnevist and other substances containing gadolinium in other experimental tumors.
These findings are the basis for further development in the most effective tactics of treatment of soft tissue sarcoma and other tumors that are difficult to therapy in the clinic. The developed modes of neutron capture therapy can be used in specialized oncology and radiology institutions of the country for planning of subsequent clinical studies on the effectiveness of neutron capture therapy of human tumors.
Materials and results of the thesis became the basis of a methodological guide for future research.

Objects under study: polyatomic molecules of organic compounds -imipraminc, amitriptyline, procaine, tctracthylammonium chloride and lidocaine.
Purpose: Determination of characteristic time and activation energy of the heterogen reactions of polyatomic molecule dissociation on the surface of oxidized tungsten and thermodesorption characteristics of the products of these reactions under single conditions of experiments by the isothermal methods of the non-stationary processes of surface ionization - voltage and flow modulation methods.
Methods of study: non-stationary methods of surface ionization - methods of voltage and flow modulation.
The results obtained and their novelty:
The basic characteristics of surface ionization have been experimentally defined - the ionization coefficient for the radicals (ch ,), .v ’ - ch ,, (с,нf)2N' - ch 2 and (с2hs)2n’c2ht for polyatomic molecules of imipraminc, amitriptyline, procaine, tctracthylammonium chloride and lidocaine.
The kinetic characteristics of thermodesorption have been experimentally defined for the radicals (ch ,), n’ - сн ,, (c2hs), n - ch , and (c,//s), n 'с,на being the heterogeneous reaction products of molecule dissociation - imipraminc, amitriptyline, procaine, tctracthylammonium chloride and lidocaine - by the voltage modulation method.
The kinetic characteristics of the heterogeneous reaction of polyatomic molecule dissociation with decay of (C-C)^ and (с - н bonds have been defined.
Practical value: A method of determining the kinetic characteristics of the heterogeneous reactions of polyatomic molecule dissociation have been proposed.
Application and economic effectivity: These results have been used to perform Grant Ф-2.1.7.
Field of application: physical electronics, heterogeneous catalysis, gas-analytical surface ionization industry.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Currently, a lot of efforts arc made to understand the structure of neutron-rich halo nuclei like 6He, "Li, "Be, 14Bc, l9C, 31Ne. These nuclei have special properties such as small binding energies and the extended one- and two-neutron low-momentum orbitals (1=0,1). Usually, these nuclei arc studied in the core plus few neutrons model. Additionally, no any two-body subsystem of the three-body halo nuclei 6He, "Li, and 14Be is bound, a property of the Borromcan system. In addition to the static properties, like energies and charge radii, the beta decay and electromagnetic transition processes of these nuclei to two-body and three-body continuum channels arc of special interest. These processes yield useful information on the internal structure and halo properties of the nuclei, since the transitions occur namely in the halo parts. In addition, there arc experimental data on the beta-decay processes of the 6He and "Li halo nuclei into the two-body deuteron continuum channels, which need a deep theoretical analysis. The study of the beta-decay processes of the halo nuclei "Be, l9C and 31Nc to the two-body proton plus core continuum channels can yield new properties of these systems in addition to the static characteristics.
Among the halo nuclei a special place belongs to the "Li nucleus. Unlike other nuclei, it can decay additionally into the 9Li+proton+neutron three-body continuum channel. This is the most complicated process and the theoretical model should give useful information on the process, as well as on the three-body structure of the "Li halo nucleus.
The first excited state of the 6Li nucleus is the isobar analog state of the 6Hc halo nucleus. Therefore the M1 -transition process of this state to the deuteron continuum channel allows one to obtain information on its halo properties, similar to the properties of the 6Hc nucleus. The obtained estimations for the width of the M1-transition can be compared with the existing experimental data. The process additionally can be used when studying the parity violation effects in the strong interaction.
The nuclear-nuclear interaction models, containing forbidden states in lowest waves, have been proposed long time ago, in the seventies of the XX-th century for an adequate account of the Pauli principle as an alternative to the potential models with a repulsive core at short distances. They have a microscopic background and, in other words, arc based on the nucleonic degrees of freedom. However, the role of these forbidden states in the nuclear structure has not been properly studied until now. This question is of special interest for nuclei containing several alphaclusters. The exclusion is the Moscow nucleon-nucleon potential model with forbidden states in lowest waves: its properties in the three-body nuclei have been studied in details. On the other hand, a role of forbidden states in the Moscow model is different and it is connected with the quark structure of the nucleon. But in light nuclei containing several nuclear clusters, the models with forbidden states arc introduced exclusively for the adequate account of the Pauli principle. They have got a special actuality in view of the discovery of the halo structure of some light nuclei.
The nuclei which consist of several alpha-clusters play an important role in astrophysics. Although the two alpha-particles arc unbound, but the nuclei, containing three (l2C) and four (l6O) alpha-clusters, have large binding energies and belong to the group of the Borromean nuclei. For these nuclei, the obtaining realistic wave functions for the bound, as well as continuum states, which can be applied to the estimation of the cross-section of the astrophysical synthesis reactions, is the most difficult problem. On the other hand, study of the structure of these nuclei becomes even more actual in view of predictions of the existence of the “alpha-condensation”.
Models of light nuclei developed in the dissertation and results received on their basis arc extremely important for the optimal control of the thermonuclear reactions in the d+6Li plasma, yielding the formation of light nuclei 'H, 3He, 4He, 7Li and 7Bc. Uncertainty of the differential cross sections of the reactions strongly influence on the kinetics of the thermonuclear reactor, hence for the optimal control of these processes it is necessary to develop theoretical models with a high accuracy. Variational methods on the Gaussian and Lagrange-mcsh bases arc needed for the calculation of wave functions which arc used for the estimation of speeds of the specified reactions with a high accuracy.
Purpose of research is to establish special features of the potential model of the interaction between nuclear clusters for the bound and continuum structure of light nuclei and for the description of processes with these nuclei at low energies.
Scientific novelty of the dissertation research presented in the dissertation consists in the following:
for the first time an extremely high sensitivity of the energies of the compact 0 I and 2+i states of the 12C nucleus to the description of the two-body Pauli forbidden states is established, which leads to the occurrence of the so-called "almost forbidden states" in the three-body functional space;
for the first time the R-matrix approach is developed in combination with the propagator method for the study of the three-body continuum structure of light nuclei 6He and l4Be in the frame of the hyperspherieal harmonics method on a Lagrangc-mcsh basis; it is shown that for the convergence of the results the wave function has to be matched with its asymptotics at large distances (about 1000 fm); the diagonal- and eigen-phases of the three-body collision matrix have been calculated and a new 14Be(2+) resonance is predicted near Ex=3.4 MeV;
theoretical estimations for the transition probabilities per time and energy units of the beta-decay of the two-neutron halo nucleus 6He to the a+d continuum channel have been obtained; for the first time it is shown that for the reproduction of the experimental data on the beta-decay, it is necessary to use microscopically found ad-potentials containing a forbidden state in the S-wave, reproducing phase shifts and the ground state energy; it is also shown that for the convergence of matrix elements one needs to know wave functions up to 30 fm and hypermomentum components up to K=24; it is demonstrated that the halo effects play an important role in the description of the process because of mutual suppression of the internal and external parts of the matrix elements;
for the first time the theoretical estimations for the probabilities of the Ml-transition per time and energy units of the isobar-analog state 6Li(0+) to the a+d continuum have been obtained; it is shown that only in the case of using the potentials with forbidden states the integral width of the transition 0.9 meV is well consistent with the previous simplified calculations; it is also shown that for convergence of the results one needs to take the upper limit of the effective integral around 25-30 fm and the hypermomentum components up to K=20;
for the first time the theoretical estimations for the transition probabilities per time and energy units of the 11 Li halo nucleus beta-decay to the two-body 9Li+d
continuum channel have been obtained, very consistent with new experimental data; it is shown that in this case, a resonance in the S-wave of the 9Li+d system at the energy position of about 0.7 MeV plays the main role, not depending on what potential model is used: with a repulsive core or with a forbidden state; the 9Li+d-potcntial which reproduces this resonance, describes well the shape and absolute values of the transition probabilities with the help of absorbing imaginary term due-to open decay channels;
for the first time theoretical estimations for the beta-decay probabilities per time and energy units of the 11 Li halo nucleus to the 9Li+p+n three-body continuum channel have been obtained;
for the first time theoretical estimations for the beta-decay probabilities per time and energy units of the one-neutron halo nuclei "Be, l9C and 3lNc to the two-body continuum channels have been obtained in the potential cluster model; it is demonstrated that the transition probabilities arc strongly sensitive to the separation energy of the valence neutron.
CONCLUSION
1. An extremely high sensitivity of the energies of the compact 0+i and 2\ states of the l2C nucleus to the description of the two-body aa Pauli forbidden states is established.
2. For the first time the R-matrix approach has been developed for the study of the three-body continuum structure of light nuclei in the frame of the hyperspherieal harmonics method on a Lagrange-mesh basis in combination with the propagation technique. It is found that the R-matrix, calculated at the boundary of the internal region, must be propagated up to large distances (about 1000 fm), where the wave function is matched with its asymptotics. The method has been applied to the analysis of the three-body continuum structure of the two-neutron halo nuclei 6He and l4Be, diagonal and cigenphases of the three-body collision matrix have been calculated and a new l4Bc(2+) resonance is predicted at Ex=3.4 MeV.
3. It is shown that for the reproduction of the experimental data on the delayed beta-decay of the 6He halo nucleus into the a+d continuum channel, it is necessary to use microscopically found ad- potentials with a forbidden state in the S-wave, reproducing phase shifts and the ground state energy. In that case, the internal and halo components of the Gamow-Tcllcr matrix elements almost completely cancel each other, and as a result, the transition probability is strongly reduced consistently with the experimental data.
4. The method of hyperspherieal harmonics on a Lagrange mesh has been applied to the analysis of the magnetic M1-transition of the isobar-analog state 6Li(0+) to the 6Li(l+) ground state and to the a + d continuum channel in the three-body formalism. The theoretical estimation for the width of the transition to the ground state 7.49 eV is well consistent with the experimental data 8.19+0.19 eV. And the calculated magnetic moment of the 6Li nucleus (p = 0.86 pN) reproduced the experimental data 0.82 pN fairly well. Theoretical estimations for the probabilities of the M1-transition per time and energy units of the isobaranalog state 6Li(0+) to the a+d continuum have been obtained. The integral width of the transition 0.9 mcV is well consistent with the previous simplified calculations. It is shown that the isobar-analog state 6Li(0+) has a well developed halo structure, like the nucleus 6He(0+).
5. The theoretical estimations for the transition probabilities per time and energy units of the beta-decay of the halo nucleus 1 Li to the two-body 9Li+d continuum channel have been obtained, very consistent with new experimental data. In this case, a resonance in the S-wave of the 9Li+d system at the energy position of about 0.7 MeV plays the main role, not depending on the used potential model: with a repulsive core or with a forbidden state. In this case, the halo components strongly dominate over the internal components. For the integral probability of the process the theoretical estimation 7.3E-3 s'1 is within the error bar of the experimental data (8.8+1,9)E-3 s’1 for the energy cut-off E > 0.2 McV.
6. The branching ratio for the beta delayed n-p emission by 1 'Li, a very exotic decay process, unique among nuclei with known two-neutron separation energies, has been estimated in the frame of the cluster potential model. Reasonable estimates of the branching ratio and of the energy distribution of the decays arc obtained with shifted three-body Coulomb functions. The obtained branching ratio is estimated between 0.8E-10 and 2.2E-10, which is much smaller than for the hindered deuteron decay of 6He, (2.6 ±1.3)E-6, The reason of this smallness is the small Q-value of the process which leads to a limited phase space. The observation of this beta delayed decay mode, as expected, requires a valuable experimental effort. The total transition probabilities arc estimated to be of order 10 s s'1.
7. At the end, the beta-decay probabilities per time and energy units of the one-neutron halo nuclei HBe, l9C and 31Ne to the two-body core+p continuum channels have been evaluated in the cluster potential model. For the total transition probability of the HBc nucleus to the l0Be+p continuum channel the estimation is 1.5E-9 s'1, of the 19C nucleus to the lsC+p continuum it is 2.7E-12 s'1. The corresponding branching ratios arc 3.0E-8 for the 11 Be and 1.8E-13 for the 19C halo nuclei. The total transition probability of the 31Ne nucleus to the 30Ne+p continuum channel varies from 0 up to l.E-6 s'1 due to uncertainty of the separation energy. For the separation energy between 0.25 and 0.35 MeV, the total decay probability is 3.3E-10 s'1, which leads to a branching ratio 1.6E-12.
The main conclusion of the dissertation is that the potential models developed in this work can not only describe adequately the existing experimental data in the field of low-energy nuclear physics, but also arc able to predict new properties of light nuclei, if the parameters of the model arc chosen from the condition to be consistent with the underlying microscopic features.

Subjects of research: caprolactam, montmorillonite, polyamidc-6, nanocompositc on the basis polyamidc-6 with montmorillonite via polymerization filling.
Purpose of work: complex study of features and rules of nanocomposite formation in process of polymerization fillings of polyamide-6 with montmorillonite, revealing of interrelation of physicomechanical properties with parameters of the structural organization and working out the technological scheme of getting nanocomposites in case of anion activated polymerization of caprolactam.
Methods of research: IR-spcctroscopy, DTA, X-ray diffraction, DMA, DSC.
The results obtained and their novelty: for the first time, polymerizations approach to the creation of a nanocomposite on the basis of polyamidc-6 with montmorillonite in case of anionic activated polymerization of caprolactam is realized. Optimal conditions of polymerization and the formation mechanism of nanocomposite arc defined. Parameters of the structural organization responsible for enhancing of exploitation characteristics of composite arc defined through comparison of the theoretical calculations and experimental data.
Practical value - the revealed optimal conditions and correlation between structure and properties allow developing new ideas in the field of creation of nanostructural polymeric materials. The principal possibility of implementation of single-stage technology for creation of objects by making use of advanced technique of reactive injective formation is shown.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: the work has fundamental-oriented character in which possibilities of creation of nanostructural composites based on polyamide-6 with excellent mechanical properties and reduced combustibility have been revealed. The test certificate is available including assessment of combustibility confirming an increase of the fire resistance property.
Field of application: synthesized nanocomposite materials of polyamidc-6 with montmorillonite can be used (1) in the textile industry, (2) in the electrotechnical industry as cards of electronic schemes and cases of calculator machines as materials with the reduced combustibility (3) in mechanical engineering for making gear wheels.

The aim of research work.
is the determination of the dependence of the characteristic parameters of the electron gas on the basis of the AlSb/InAs/AlSb heterostructure on the total electron concentration.
Scientific novelty of the research work
A simplified model has been developed for the electron spectrum in minibands, taking into account the nonparabolic properties of the AlSb / InAs / AlSb band structure, the finite quantum well depth for electrons and the mass jump in the AlSb /InAs/AlSb; heterojunction.
a new mathematical equation is found for describing the relationships of quantities, such as the total concentration of a two-dimensional electron gas, the electron concentration in minibands, the Fermi energy, the transport mass;
A mathematical model describing the dependence of the energy state density of a two-dimensional electron gas and entropy on temperature under the conditions of replenishment of several minibands is introduced;
it is shown that it is possible to determine the density of the energy states of a two-dimensional electron gas through the values of the effective mass measured at the Fermi level;
It is shown that with an increase in temperature, the stepwise change in the density of states is gradually smoothed out and the nonparabolicity of the dispersion law manifests itself over a wide range of temperatures.

Subjects of research: Silicon single crystal with large diameter and thickness (D > 30 mm, d > 3mm), Si(Li) p-n and p-i-n structures with large sensitive volume.
Purpose of work: Investigation of new physical and technological bases for development of Si(Li) detectors of nuclear radiation on silicon single crystals with a diameter up to 100 - 110 mm and thickness W > 5 mm.
Methods of research: One- and four- probe measurements, electro-physical (current-volt, capacity-volt and noise-volt characteristics) and radiometric measurements, phase-frequency measurements.
The results obtained and their novelty: New specific features of the lithium diffusion process in p-Si with large diameter, related to formation of Li-0 complexes, have been revealed. New physical techniques in lithium drift technology on silicon single crystal of large volume are found. Previously unexplored physical and technological aspects in development of universal spectrometer of telescope type and low background installation based on Si(Li) p-i-n structure with large sensitive area, are presented. Methods based on external sources (ultrasound, pulsed electric field) are developed, which extend the basic knowledge in semiconductor physics.
Practical value: the unique detectors of nuclear radiation created on silicon wafers with diameter up to 110 mm do not have analogues in the world. They open new perspectives in the design of original experiments in nuclear physics, as well as new applications in various fields of science and technology, such as geology, metallurgy, medicine, environment protection, etc.
Degree of embed and economic effect: semiconductor detectors that have been developed are employed in nuclear physics experiments conducted at Nuclear Research Institute of Moscow State University, agreement No.01/04, 01/05 Institute of Nuclear Physics of Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Scientific Production Association of Russia "Taifun", Almalik Metallurgical Enterprize, Uzgidromet, agreement No. 01/07 09 UzKTGM.
Field of application: new scientific knowledge and advanced technology for the creation of silicon-lithium detectors of nuclear radiation with large sensitive volume, that have been obtained, can be effectively used for solving various fundamental and applied problems in nuclear physics, medicine, geology, archeology, environmental research, etc.

In this article, the importance of organizing a professionally oriented educational process in physics in technical higher educational institutions is analyzed. The role of physical phenomena and laws important for the mining industry in production technologies was studied, and the possibilities of applying the topics given in the scientific program in the professional sphere were investigated. Methodological guidelines have been developed for solving professionally-oriented problems in the molecular physics section, and recommendations have been given for organizing practical classes in physics using them. The advantages of solving professionally-oriented problems in practical classes are described.