Transportation

Aloqa vositalaridan foydalanishga asoslangan zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalaridan foydalanish tufayli "axborot tizimi" atamasi keng qo'llaniladi. Ushbu tezisda transport tizimlari uchun axborot texnologiyalarining xususiyatlari ko’rib chiqilgan va tavsiyalar berib o’tilgan.

Bugungi  kunda  raqamli  platformalar  eng  ko‘p  muhokama qilinadigan  mavzularning  tepasida.  Ularning  voqelikni  o‘zgartirishdagi  asosiy  rolini iqtisodchilar va siyosatchilar, IT-mutaxassislari va ishlab chiqarish vakillari, fan va madaniyat,  ta’lim  va  tibbiyot  vakillari  aytadi.  Hayotimizning  barcha  jabhalarida raqamli muhitni yaratish bo‘yicha maqsadli, rejali ishlarni boshlash vaqti kelganiga hamma ham rozi. Asosiy e’tibor, birinchi navbatda, blokcheyn, sun’iy intellekt, katta ma’lumotlarni  tahlil  qilish  kabi  istiqbolli  innovatsion  texnologiyalarga  qaratilgan. Lekin, afsuski, raqamli kelajak haqidagi munozaralarda fundamental texnologiyalar muhokamasiga asossiz ravishda kam e’tibor qaratilmoqda.

Ushbu maqolada biometriya tushunchasi, biometrik tanib olish va biometrik identifikatsiyalash masalalari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, transport sohasida biometrik texnologiyalarini qo‘llash vazifalari belgilangan.

Ushbu maqolada xizmat ko‘rsatish sohasi bilan bog‘liq bo‘lgan universitet bo‘limining ish jarayonlarini optimallashtirish uchun ko‘rilayotgan chora- tadbirlar yoritilgan. Shuningdek, ushbu maqola ikki qismdan iborat bo‘lib, uning birinchi qismida tizim ish jarayonini qayd etib borish uchun muhim bo‘lgan ma’lumotlar bazasi tushunchalari, ularni boshqarish tizimi tushunchasi hamda ma’lumotlar bazasini shakllantirish jarayonlari keltirilgan. Shu bilan birgalikda ikki qism dasturiy ta’minot yaratish ishlari va ularga qo‘yiladigan talablarni turli metodlar yordamida tashkil etishni nazarda tutadi.

This article analyzes the role of automobile infrastructure on city streets, namely public transport roads, commercial transport routes, streets of cities and other settlements in the development of the national transport system.

Today, Japan is one of the most developed countries in the world due to its stable economy and urbanism. The metropolitan area of the country's capital, Tokyo, with a population of more than 41 million people, is the most densely populated city in the world. How did urbanization and urban development develop in Japan, surrounded by water, limited land area and almost non-existent natural resources? We will try to find a detailed answer to this question below.

It is known that the impact of global climate change on human health is primarily due to an increase in the content of pollutants and allergens in the atmosphere as a result of rising air temperatures, which increases the risk of heart disease, circulatory system diseases and airborne diseases. increase. Diseases and excess dust in the air lead to an increase in the incidence of allergies and bronchial asthma. Especially in recent years, information related to the deterioration of the environmental situation in cities has often appeared. Improving the well being of the population in the regions can be achieved through the sustainable development of cities and solving their environmental problems.

Subject of the inquiry: steering wheel of self-driven energetic vehicle means.
Aim of the inquiry: the aim of this inquiry is to rise the stability of the motion and conducting of self-driven means by rational choice of transmission ratio of the steering wheel.
Methods of inquiry : the analytical and experimental research methods are used in the work based on methods of automatic regulation theory.
The results achieved and their novelty: the character of the influence of the transmission ratio quantity on the sensitiveness of the machines the control and stability of the motion are used
The mathematical models for calculation of parameters of the motion of selfdriven energetic means with hydro-huged characters of the steering wheel and the choice of mounting coordinates of carried out hydrocylinders are worked out.
Practical value: the recommendations on the choice of transmission ratio of steering wheel and mounting coordinates of carried-out hydrocylinders rising stability of the motion and improving conduction of self-driven energetic means are worked out.
Mathematical models allowing to realize rational choice of parameters of steering wheel on the stage of project are created.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: recommendations on the choice of the quantity of transmission ratio of steering wheel and calculated definition of rational parameters of mounting hydrocylinders of the wheel implement are accepted for the usage in SSC (GAO) "Tashkent Tractor Plant".
Sphere of usage: tractor and agricultural machine-building.

Ushbu maqolada temir yo‘lchilarning malakasini oshirish fakulteti uchun dasturiy ta’minotni ishlab chiqish masalalari ko‘rib chiqildi. Bunda xodimlarning bilim salohiyatlarini zamonaviy axborot kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari bilan boyitish maqsadida “O‘zbekiston temir yo‘llari” AJning Kadrlar malakasini oshirish va qayta tayyorlash markazi uchun elektron axborot tizimini ishlab chiqish ishlari amalga oshirildi. Shuningdek, Laravel dastulash tili va MySQL ma’lumotar bazasi orqali axborot tizimi dasturining interfeysi yaratildi.

Maqolada temir yo‘l tarmog‘i korxonasida ma’lumotlar omborini boshqarish mavzusi, ya’ni temir yo‘l avtomatlashtirish va telemexanika elementlarini qabul  qiluvchi  va  ularga  xizmat  ko‘rsatadigan  asbobuskunalar,  jumladan,  yo‘l uchastkalari  holatini  boshqaruvchi  eng  muhim  qurilma  (element)  relesi,  temir  yoʻl avtomatlashtirish  relelarini  taʼmirlash  va  ularga  xizmat  koʻrsatish  boʻyicha maʼlumotlar bazasini yaratish algoritmi ishlab chiqildi va dasturi tuzildi.

The article examines the transmission of a tele control and telesignalization signal in the expert system for automatic control of train traffic, for the detection and control of train data, various types of systems for automatic control of train traffic are presented.

O‘zbekistonning  iqtisodiy  hayotidagi  o‘zgarishlar  inson hayotining  barcha  sohalariga  ta’sir  qiladi.  Bu,  ayniqsa,  ta’lim  uchun  to‘g‘ri  keladi. “Bepul oliy ta’lim” standartlashtirilgan kontseptsiyasi o‘tmishga aylanib bormoqda va ta’lim  xizmatlari  iste’molchilarining  talablari  o‘zgarmoqda.  Hozirgi  vaqtda talabalarning  turli  darajadagi  talablari,  asosiy  ta’lim  va  daromadlari  uchun mo‘ljallangan pullik ta’limning ko‘plab shakllari va usullari mavjud. Taklif etilayotgan xizmatlar iste’molchilar talablariga qay darajada javob beradi? Bu savolning javobi ta’lim  xizmatlariga  bo‘lgan  talabni  va  demakki,  nodavlat  ta’lim  muassasalarining moliyaviy  muvaffaqiyatini  belgilaydi.  Ta’lim  xizmatlari  bozorida  raqobat  kuchayib borayotganini hisobga olib, potentsial talabni baholash uchun bozorni o‘rganishning marketing  usullariga  murojaat  qilish  kerak.  Marketing  tadqiqotining  maqsadi istiqbolli ehtiyojlarni aniqlash, ularning qondirish darajasini baholash, aniq farazlarni sinab  ko‘rish  va  iste’molchilarning  xatti-harakatlarini  bashorat  qilishdir.  Shu  nuqtai nazardan  qaraganda,  zamonaviy  ta’lim  muammolarini  tahlil  qilishda  marketing tadqiqotlari metodologiyasini qo‘llash maqsadga muvofiqdir.

Ushbu maqolada tashkilot xodimlarining tibbiy ko‘rikdan o‘tish muddatlarini nazorat qilish jarayonini optimallashtirish uchun ko‘rilayotgan chora- tadbirlar yoritilgan. Shuningdek, ushbu maqola ikki qismdan iborat bo‘lib, uning birinchi qismida tizim ish jarayonini qayd etib borish uchun muhim bo‘lgan ma’lumotlar bazasi tushunchalari, ularni boshqarish tizimi tushunchasi hamda ma’lumotlar bazasini shakllantirish jarayonlari keltirilgan. Shu bilan birgalikda, ikki qism dasturiy ta’minot yaratish ishlari va ularga qo‘yiladigan talablarni turli metodlar yordamida tashkil etishni nazarda tutadi.

Subject of the inquiry: the protective carcass of a cabin of universal wheel tractor-cultivator.
Aim of the inquiry: design procedure working out on durability and the substantiation of strength parameters of the carcass of cabin of tractor of a class 1.4.
Methods of inquiry: Researches were spent by methods of mathematical and experimental modeling of deflections of elements of the bearing carcass of the cabin of the tractor at overturning in quasi-static to statement
The results achieved and their novelty:
- the mathematical model of calculation of the carcass of the cabin of the tractor on durability is made;
- the design procedure of the protective carcass of the cabin of the tractor on durability taking into account process of distribution of a zone of plastic deformation on length and height of cross-section section of elements of the construction of the carcass;
- Dependences strength properties of rod elements of the construction of the carcass from the bend and curvature moment.
Practical value: the cabin design procedure on the durability is developed, allowing at a design stage and operational development of a design with high degree of reliability to receive demanded strengthening characteristics (the Patent for the computer program № DGU 01583). The multiple analysis of the construction of the cabin of tractor TTZ 80.20 is carried out and the new carcass of the cabin of the tractor (the Patent for utility model № 1'AP 00563) is offered.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: Results of work are transferred to special design engineering bureau “Tractor” for practical use at carrying out of developmental works on modernization and construction development of new carcass of cabins of tractors.
Sphere of usage: automobile construction and tractor construction.

In this article, the intensity and composition of traffic flows at intersections near the city of Nukus are studied. That is: the number and composition of traffic at intersections, the direction of traffic along the lanes, as well as the amount of traffic, etc. to be investigated.

To study the effect of the condition of the road environment or the terrain on the aesthetic condition of the road in violation of the
ecological regularity of the construction and operation (use) of highways

Temir yo‘l transportida shahar atrof yo’lovchi poyezdlarining harakatlanish zonalari soni va ulardan foydalanish tartiblari bir nechta modellashtirilgan formulalar asosida asosida tahlil qilindi. Shahar atrof yo’lovchi poyezdlarning zonalar bo’yicha tuzilishi va zonalardagi yo‘lovchilar oqimlari inobatga olinib, matematik modellashtirish usullaridan foydalanildi. Shahar atrof yo’lovchi poyezdlar harakatlanish zonalari soniga shahar atrof yo‘lovchi poyezdlar tuzish rejasi va zonalardagi yo’lovchilar oqimi zichliklar asosida aniqlik kiritildi. Ishlab chiqilgan formulalar asosida texnik zonalar soni, shahar atrof yo’lovchi poyezdlari harakatlanish zonalari o’tkazuvchanlik qobiliyatiga aniqlik kiritildi.

The aim of the research work is to develop the methods for estimating seismic stress of underground polymer pipelines with variable coefficients of interaction located in structurally heterogeneous soils.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: criteria for differentiated evaluation of seismic and explosive effects on pipeline systems, classification and prediction of the damage of underground polymer pipelines under seismic influences are developed; variable coefficient of interaction along the axis of the pipeline is determined taking into account the moisture content of soil; technique for calculating stress-strain state of underground polymer pipelines with account of variable coefficient of interaction is developed; a technique for calculating the stress-strain state of underground polymer pipelines for an arbitrary direction of seismic loads is developed.

Objects of research: onc-cylindcr high-speed diesel, piston, socket, insulated ceramic parts.
Aim of research: working out and practical realization of the scientific bases of creating transport diesel with lowered heat losses under heat insulated ceramic parts.
Research methods: theoretical and experimental research methods have been used in this work. Theoretical research is established on both three-dimensional model of the heatstressed state of a socket and piston and one-zonned and multizonncd models of the diesel working process.
Experimental research has been carried out on one-cylinder highspeed diesel 96x120 mm size and engine-free heat stand on the basis of the modem foreign and domestic measuring devices.
Received results and their novelty:
- technology of making heat insulated parts from silicon nitride for the main parts of the diesel foreseeing synthesis of the powder, pulverization and preparation of the mix, pressing and mechanical treatment has been developed; the optimal chemical composition of the powder Si3N4-Si С-ХгОг-УгОз on the basis of silicon nitride with high physical and mechanical characteristics has been worked out; setting of the heat insulated parts made from that powder composition on the piston and socket enabled to lower their common temperature level and give more even temperature field;
- three-dimensional models for investigation of the heatstressed state of the main and heat insulated sockets and pistons accounting real thermal limit conditions from the side of working body have been made;
- onczonncd model and algorithm of the calculation of the diesel working process foreseeing change of the momentary factor of air excess depending on the law of fuel feed and used as the basics for defining the speed of heat discrimination have been developed;
- experimental calculation method of defining speed of head discrimination in the combustion chamber of the highspeed diesel, founded on usage of the real indicator diagrams got experimentally, has been elaborated;
- semiempirieal formulae for the calculation of the local tangcncial speed of the whirling movement of the charge depending on the running cylinder radius and frequency of the crankshaft rotation has been received;
- multizonncd model of the working process in the diesels with the direct injection enabling to get meanings of the local nonstationary temperatures of the gases in the cylinder and to define the meanings of the zonal and total concentrations of the nitrogen oxide depending on regime and construction factors has been worked out.
Practical meaning:
- complex examination of the modelling the working process and heatstressed state of the piston engines presents an instrument having practical meaning for estimation of the possibilities and perspectives of the engines with the decreased heat losses;
- calculation theoretical bases of the designing diesels with the decreased branching of the heat from the working body, conversion of the serial diesels on the engines with the decreased heat losses have been developed;
- algorithms and programmers enabling to realize mathematical models and to solve the tasks of designing, finalization and modernization with the sufficient precision both for the serial and perspective diesels with the decreased heat losses have been worked out;
- method of experimental research of the heatstressed state of the piston has been developed; experimental unit with the automated measuring complex for examining of the working process of the highspeed diesels has been elaborated.
Inculcation and economic efficiency.
- developed technology of making heat insulated parts from silicon nitride for the main parts of the diesel, calculation experimental methods of investigation of the working process of the diesel, cylinder-piston group and practical recommendations on the choice of tuning and constructive parameters when designing and creating diesels with decreased branching of the heat from the working body have been taken for inculcation in CShS “UzDAEWOOAuto” and SLL“Autobilc Plant of Samarkand”, ShC “Uzavtosanoat”;
- the results of the thesis arc used in the teaching process at the Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute and Moscow Automobile and Highways Institute when delivering lectures on “Theory and Construction of ICE”.
Field of applying: automobile construction, engine construction, scientific research.

Subjects of the inquiry: Alternative motor fuel, internal combustion engines, vehicles and stationary plants.
Aim of the inquiry: Development of scientific bases of estimation and effective ways of improvement energetic-ecological parameters of vehicles and stationary plant engines, working on alternative fuel by calculation, analysis and perfection of their characteristics, regulating the systems of their operation with the use of modem technologies.
Method of inquiry: the objective has been achieved by profound analysis and generalization of the executed theoretical and experimental works and modem world engine-construction tendencies, carrying out theoretical research on a mathematical-statistical model with application of the computer with use of complex methods, including the system analysis, performance of a complex laboratory - road and operational research on the basis of the modem foreign and domestic measuring equipment.
The results achieved and their novelty: Scientific novelty of the work is the following:
• To develop a method of the analysis of the energy-ecological parameters of ICE working on alternative motor fuels, allowing to perform a complex estimation of energy-ecological efficiency of their use in system with hierarchical structure;
• To develop a method of formation of estimated parameters of energy-ecological efficiency of use alternative motor fuels which is taking into account all influencing factors;
• To develop a method of formation of classification alternative motor fuels which is providing account of the basic attributes;
• To develop a method of calculation, modeling and predicting characteristic on wide open throttle position of ICE fueled with alternative fuels;
• To develop a method of calculation of the basic parameters of operating cycle of ICE fueled with alternative fuels;
• The obtained results of computational-experimental studies allow following:
- to develop new ways of neutralization of harmful substances in exhaust gases and mercaptan catching;
- to control ICE testing modes;
- to organize the working process of ICE, working on fuel mixtures (compression ratio controlling and recirculation of gas-diesel exhaust gases);
- enrichment of air-gas mixture with various liquid fuels;
• To develop a method to forecast on perspective alternative motor fuels and working mode of the ICE.
Practical value:
- A method of calculation of wide opened throttle characteristic of ICE on various fuels;
- A method of an estimation and application of alternative motor fuels in the system with hierarchical structure;
- A method of choice of estimated criteria of application of the alternative motor fuels at various stages of hierarchy of system («Ғ - ICE - V and SP - E - ER - S - IS»);
- The systems of testing ICE operation working on AF and equipped with various systems of reduction of toxicity of exhaust gases;
- A database on alternative motor fuels for development of reference materials; textbooks and manuals; normative documentation (GOST, SP, Technical conditions, RD); design development on Gas Equipment for vehicles and stationary plants; and also means of their technical services and repairing, diagnostics.
Degree of embed and economical affectivity: The developed recommendations on perfection of parameters of the gas-balloon equipment of the automobiles have been accepted and used in the Uzbek Agency of Automobile and River Transport, Navoi mountain - metallurgical plant, NPF ’’SAGA”, etc.
Economic efficiency of using alternative motor fuels in change of 1.3 million a petroleum fuels for Uzbekistan is 455 billion sums in a year.
Sphere of usage: motor industry, engine production industry, motor transport, and research works.

Maqolada kimyo sanoati korxonalarida mashina va apparatlardagi korroziyaning yuzaga kelishi, undan keladigan yo‘qotishlar, korroziyaga qarshi kurashishdan maqsad, korroziyani yuzaga keltiruvchi elementlar, jarayonlar va muhitlar xaqida ma’lumot berilgan, shuningdek korroziyaga qarshi kurashish yo‘llari bayon qilingan.

The article highlights the current problem of adapting urban infrastructure to changing climatic
conditions. The study focuses on the analysis of rainfall in Uzbekistan and its impact on urban transport infrastructure. The authors apply statistical analysis of historical weather data, study climate models, and consider strategies for making urban transportation systems more resilient to extreme weather conditions.

This article examines the economic factors affecting the architectural and engineering planning of parking lots in cities, the increase in the cost of construction during the design process and the economic feasibility of building an underground parking lot.

Subjects of the inquiry: major road network.
Aim of the inquiry: development road district classification according to traffic condition with the aim to provide convenience and traffic safety and also effective road maintenance.
Methods of inquiry: analytical and experimental methods, theory of traffic flow, mathematical statistics, mathematic modeling, probability theory, road district classification.
The results achieved and their novelty: criteria of traffic condition evaluation was theoretically proved and proposed; identified road traffic changes; developed evaluation method with use of integral of transport accessibility; developed road district classification.
Practical value: it is used in the development recommendations on complex evaluation and improvements of traffic conditions.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: major results implemented in 6 road standards and instruction, lecture notes on “Road Maintenance”.
Sphere of usage: major highways.

This article provides an overview of the problems of public transport in the city of Urgench. Based on the results of studying the problems of 14 directions of urban public transport in the city of Urgench, ways to improve the urban public transport system are proposed.