Transportation

Proper organization and management of the traffic flow in the world are one the topical issues. Much attention has been paid to scientific research in this direction in recent years. In particular, this is the improvement of transport infrastructure, an increase in the capacity of street networks and intersections, ensuring the safety of road users, and traffic flow management based on modern intelligent transport systems. In this article, through an integrated approach to the management of traffic flows in cities, management methods were analyzed depending on the speed of movement and the characteristics of traffic flows.

In this article, the information on the determination of pneumatic tires with the help of methods of predicting the caldic metrological measurement values of the caldic resource is explained in detail.

This article covers in detail the issues of ensuring metrological dimensions at the required level in the process of production and repair of mechanical engineering parts, information about the types of measurements, means and rules for their use

Annotatsiya:  Maqolada  monitoring  va  kuzatish  uchun  asosiy  axborot tizimlari  muhokama  qilinadi,  yuk  tashishning  ishonchliligi  uchun  foydalaniladi, shuningdek,  O‘zbekiston  temir  yo‘lida  qo‘llaniladigan  dasturiy  ta’minot.  Tahlil natijasida  harakatlanuvchi  tarkibni  tez  va  aniq  nazorat  qilish  uchun  yanada zamonaviy avtomatlashtirilgan yechimlarni joriy etish zarurligi aniqlandi.

Transport  va  turizm  oʻrtasida  yaqin  aloqalar  mavjud  boʻlishi vaqt oʻtishi bilan oʻzgargan turizmning rivojlanishida turli xil transport turlari turli rol oʻynaydi.  Ushbu  maqolaning  maqsadi  Oʻzbekiston  temir  yoʻllarining  turizmni rivojlantirishdagi  tanlangan  muammolarini  tahlil  qilish  va  temir  yoʻllardan  turizm maqsadlarida  foydalanishning  zamonaviy  setvislarini  yaratishdan  oborat.  Dastlab, transport  va  turizm  oʻrtasidagi  munosabatlar  bayon  qilinadi  va  qisqacha Oʻzbekistonda sayyohlik yoʻnalishisifatida tahlil qilinadi. Oʻzbekistonda temir yoʻl va temir  yoʻl  transportining  oʻrni  baholanadi  (Oʻzbekistondagi  temir  yoʻllarning  holati, temir yoʻl infratuzilmasi, temir yoʻl transportini tashkil etish, umumiy foydalanishdagi temir  yoʻl  transporti  tarifi  va  bir  qancha  mintaqaviy  yoʻllarda  yoʻlovchi tashish harakatining faoliyati). Shuningdek Oʻzbekistondagi temir yoʻllar va ulardan turistik maqsadlarda  foydalanish  yoʻllari  bilan  tanishtiriladi.  Turizmni  rivojlantirish  uchun temir yoʻllardan foydalanishning tanlangan soʻngi namunalariga eʻtibor qaratilgan.

An analysis of the literature data showed that primary spinal tumors are rare; in most cases, spinal tumors are secondary, i.e. metastatic. Among them, hemangiomas, myelomas and metastases of uterine cancer predominate. PURPOSE OF THE WORK - to study the effectiveness of various surgical interventions taken in case of tumor lesions of the spine. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Case histories of 23 patients who were treated in the neurosurgical department of ASMI clinics and the neurosurgical department of the AF RNCEM in 2005-2007 served as material for a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of surgical methods of treatment. The age of patients is from 18 to 50 years, the duration of the disease is from 1 to 3 years. There were 16 men and 7 women. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. In the immediate postoperative period, 17 patients had complete disappearance of pain syndrome, 4 had a significant decrease in their intensity, and 2 patients had pains that remained at the preoperative level. Regression of neurological disorders in the postoperative period was observed in 18 operated patients. Positive clinical and neurological dynamics in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 80-85% of patients in both groups. However, over time, with a re-examination after 6 months and 1 year, the percentage of patients with a positive result of the 1st group decreased to 30-40%.
In the 2nd group, the number of patients with positive neurological changes and the bearing capacity of the bodies of the affected vertebrae remained at the same levels - 75 - 80%.

Every year, every third traffic accident is associated with a pedestrian collision. The main reasons, they are: non-compliance with traffic rules, unsatisfactory condition of pedestrian crossings, regulatory elements or their absence. The organization of safe pedestrian traffic in settlements should repair highways and city streets and fixate with road signs. Currently, particular attention is also paid to the issue of pedestrian violations due to the occurrence of road traffic accidents with the participation of pedestrians.

Ushbu maqolada ilmiy faoliyat bog‘liq bo‘lgan oliy ta’lim muassasasi bo‘limining ish jarayonlarini optimallashtirish uchun ko‘rilayotgan chora- tadbirlar yoritilgan. Jumladan, professor-o‘qituvchilarni ilmiy faoliyati uchun rag‘batlantirishning avtomatlashtirilgan tizimini yaratish haqida so‘z yuritilgan.

Ushbu maqolada MySQL ma’lumotlar bazalari bilan ishlash vositalarining eng ommaviy vositalari ko‘rib chiqildi va ularning afzalliklari sanab o‘tildi.

Maqolada temir yo‘l tarmog‘i korxonasida ma’lumotlar bazasini boshqarish mavzusi, ya’ni temir yo‘l avtomatlashtirish va telemexanika elementlarini qabul  qiluvchi  va  ularga  xizmat  ko‘rsatadigan  asbob-uskunalar,  bu  yerda  yo‘l uchastkalari  holatini  boshqaruvchi  eng  muhim  qurilma  (element)  relesi,  temir  yo‘l avtomatlashtirish  relelarini  ta’mirlash  va  ularga  xizmat  ko‘rsatish  bo‘yicha zamonaviy  sharoitlarda  ma’lumotlar  bazasini  yaratish  algoritmi  ishlab  chiqildi  va dastur yozildi.

Subjects of research: multirangc current transformers (TT).
Purpose of work: development and study multirange transformer of the current with extended functional possibility and perfected dynamic characteristic for managerial systems device supply railway.
Methods of research: theories electric and magnetic circuits and electromagnetic field, inaccuracy, cncrgolnformation and morphological methods search construction sensor and device of the parametric structured schemes (PSS) with using the computer technology, as well as experimental methods of the studies.
The results obtained and their novelty: is designed new designs multirange TT of the current with extended functional possibility and perfected dynamic characteristic, protected patent RUz, and their mathematical models; the way of the reduction of inaccuracy multirange TT under their work but connecting mode.
Practical value: designed TT multirangc has an extended functional possibility and comparatively pinpoint accuracy transformation when functioning (working) in connecting mode. Designed mathematical models, allow on stage of the designing multirange TT to research them in steady-state dynamic mode.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: designed multirange TT is introduced and production process on attractive substation “Transport” distances of supply “Xavast” Herewith, the annual economic effect forms 5,3 million so’ms.
Field of application: results of the work can be arc broadly used at development multirange TT, intented for managerial systems and checking state of working device of supply on rail-freight traffics and other branch public facilities.

Subjects of research: multirangc current transformers (TT).
Purpose of work: development and study multirange transformer of the current with extended functional possibility and perfected dynamic characteristic for managerial systems device supply railway.
Methods of research: theories electric and magnetic circuits and electromagnetic field, inaccuracy, cncrgolnformation and morphological methods search construction sensor and device of the parametric structured schemes (PSS) with using the computer technology, as well as experimental methods of the studies.
The results obtained and their novelty: is designed new designs multirange TT of the current with extended functional possibility and perfected dynamic characteristic, protected patent RUz, and their mathematical models; the way of the reduction of inaccuracy multirange TT under their work but connecting mode.
Practical value: designed TT multirangc has an extended functional possibility and comparatively pinpoint accuracy transformation when functioning (working) in connecting mode. Designed mathematical models, allow on stage of the designing multirange TT to research them in steady-state dynamic mode.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: designed multirange TT is introduced and production process on attractive substation “Transport” distances of supply “Xavast” Herewith, the annual economic effect forms 5,3 million so’ms.
Field of application: results of the work can be arc broadly used at development multirange TT, intented for managerial systems and checking state of working device of supply on rail-freight traffics and other branch public facilities.

Ushbu maqolada MS Sharepoint va Office 365 platformasining rivojlanishi va kengayishi masalasi muhokama qilinadi. Tashkilot ma’lumotlarini boshqarishda MS Sharepoint 2019 va Office 365 platformasi muhiti tanishtirib o‘tilgan.

This article talks about the modern state of the republic's highways and their analysis, and it is assumed that the modern state of the republic's public roads, internal roads and departmental roads is analyzed.

The article discusses the issues of design, construction and operation of highways, which include a huge number of tasks related to both planning, project coordination with existing infrastructure, and solving local technical problems. Each project involves a large number of participants whose interests should be taken into account. Information modeling, special software help to solve these and other tasks.

The  activity  of  the  warehouse  of  the  car  depot  was  analyzed and problems associated with the timely delivery and release of inventory items to the  workshops  of  the  enterprise  were  identified.  A  generalized  diagram  of  the technological process of a warehouse in the automation of accounting operations is presented,  which  contains  material  and  information  flows,  as  well  as  the  main elements  that  display  the  flow  of  goods.  The  data  obtained  and  the  developed models were used to create an automated system for managing the warehouses of the  car  depot,  which  helps  to  increase  the  throughput  of  the  warehouse,  save space  in  warehouses  and  improve  the  quality  when  fulfilling  orders  from  shop workers.

Subject of research: productive strength of the region, satisfaction of the needs of consumers in transporting, capability of existing motor and railway transportations in satisfaction of needs, and their optimal development in future.
Purpose of work: development of methods assimilation of goods traffic at best usage of transportation means of automobile and railway transport, transport network and also their development in view of perspective growth of goods traffic with the subsequent approbation of offered methods by decision of a concrete task on an example of considered region.
Methods of research: in the thesis there widely used mathematical modeling and net programming methods of solving the tasks of optimal development of automobile and railway transport, and distribution of goods traffic in ground transport net of the region.
The results obtained and their novelty: development of model of optimum use and development of transportation means, transport networks and distribution of goods traffic with their subsequent approbation on the example of considered region, and multinctwork of ground transport of region.
Practical value: results of researches in the dissertation consists in a substantiation of optimum development of a transport network both transportation means of automobile and railway transport, methodical and practical recommendations for step by step decision of the given task.
Degree of embed and economic efficiency: the main results of the research were introduced to the automobile enterprises, regional organization of automobile roads exploitation “Surkhandarya auto road”, and during the educational process at Tashkent Automobile and Road Institute (TARI), Termez State University, and in scientific research works of students of these universities on specialty “Exploitation and repairing means of transport”. The economic effectiveness of introducing the results of the research at the automobile enterprises of region and “Surxandaryoautoroad” composed 10550 and 8200 thousand sums.
Field of application: automobile, railway transport and on the auto roads of common usage.

The aim of research work is development of methodological bases of the optimal planning of composition of multicomponent high-quality high strength concretes, settlement of questions of the directed management of physical and chemical interaction in a hydrating environment taking into account superficial activity of mineral fillers and prognostication of strength and operating properties of concretes.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as following stages:
methodological principles of the optimal planning of multicomponent high-quality concretes arc set forth taking into account nature and superficial activity of mineral fillers, consisting in processes of gelation natural - mineral compos estimated by acid-basic properties of surface, in particular, by content of active centers with a certain quantitative index;
basic dependences relating acid-basic properties of surface of mineral fillers with the processes of gelation and synthesis of прочностных and operating properties of multicomponent high-quality concretes are set;
new classification of mineral fillers, allowing to perform produce the estimation of degree of their influence on the processes of hydratation and hardening of the cement systems, is worked out. A criterion (index of the brought hydration activity over - Ppga) characterizing reactionary ability of mineral fillers and allowing to guess their efficiency at the use in the cement systems offers;
cross-correlation dependence is set describing iteration between content of adsorption sites on the surface of dispersible phases, by their activity at iteration with cement astringent at that, necessary terms arc provided for the favourable flow of processes of forming of structure of multicomponent high-quality concretes;
methodology and calculation program of the optimal planning of composition of multicomponent high-quality concretes arc worked out with mineral fillers on the base of the improved method of the mathematical planning of experiments;
methodology of determination of internal tensions is worked out in cement materials appearing in the process of hardening astringent and allowing to describe the features of forming of its structure;

In the world, scientific research is being conducted to improve the quality level of digital television images, methods for modeling filtration processes and highly efficient control systems in a number of priority areas, including: on the formation of mathematical models of filtration processes, improving the methods of wavelet, Fourier, Haar, Walsh-Hadamard, Karhunen-Loev in increasing the clarity and brightness of images based on linear and nonlinear differential equations; creation of methods for eliminating additive, pulsed and adaptive-Gaussian types of noise in images using additive and adaptive filtering; methods of algorithms and software for introducing intra-frame and inter-frame image transformations; methods of adaptive brightness system control using the Chebyshev matrix series; methods of gradient, static and Laplace methods for image segmentation and dividing it into contours; formation of criteria and conditions for evaluating image quality. Conducting scientific research in the above research areas confirms the relevance of the topic of this article.

Manyovr ishlarida tortuv hisoblarini bajarish orqali lokomotivlar tomonidan sarflanadigan yoqilg‘i va yarim reyslarni bajarishga sarflanadigan vaqt miqdori hisoblanadi. Ushbu miqdorni to‘g‘ri aniqlash uchun vagonlarning hisobiy parametrlarini to‘g‘ri tanlash talab etiladi. Ushbu maqola manyovr ishlarida tortuv hisoblarini bajarish uchun poyezdning natur varag‘i asosida vagonlarning hisobiy parametrlarini aniqlash usulini avtomatlashtirish natijalari bayon etilgan. Poyezdning natur varag‘i asosida vagonlarning hisobiy parametrlarini aniqlashga doir dasturiy ta’minot ishlab chiqilganligi, undan foydalanish tartibi va uning ishonchliligiyoritilgan.

Subjects of the inquiry: the specifications of automobiles technical operation, working in real conditions of operation, in particular, periodicity and labour input, maintenance service and repair (MS and R).
Aim of the inquiry: increase of efficiency of technical operation of automobiles at the expense of a correcting of the specifications in view of conditions of operation and perfection of management by them at planning both realization of maintenance service and repair.
Methods of inquiry: the theoretical preconditions arc based on laws of formation of automobiles MS and R system, methods of the system analysis, the experimental researches were spent with use of methods of operation and mathematical statistics at processing results.
The results achieved and their novelty: the technique of technological account of the industrial program is advanced till MS and R АТС, the universal mathematical model of account of specific meanings (importance) ТЕР АТС is developed, a technique of an establishment of periodicity maintenance service (MS) for the first time is developed in view of run of the period and from a beginning of operation of automobiles, the mode, and FROM lorry convoys MAZ-642208 and Ford Cargo-1827 is developed.
Practical value: the technique of technological account of the industrial program is advanced till MS and R TEP, the technique of planning of statement is developed on MS of automobiles in view of run of service spent in the period of automobiles the standard of the enterprise on modes MS of lorry convoys MAZ-642208 and Ford Cargo-1827 and is developed in view of conditions of operation.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: the mode MS is introduced in АТС "Autonefttrans", advanced the method is used at reconstruction of auto base №3 АТС AGMK and UP Uychi AC "Uzncftmaxsulot" and is introduced into educational process by preparation of the bachelors and masters.
Sphere of usage: Autotransport

Mazkur maqolada mamlakatdagi tumanlarning transport-geografik imkoniyatlarini baholashdagi yondashuvlar, ularning o’ziga xosliklari hamda e’tibor qaratish lozim bo’lgan jihatlariga to’xtalib o’tilgan. Hududlardan o’tgan transport va ternir yo’llaming o’rganilayotgan hudud maydoniga nisbatini tahlil qilish yo’llari taklif etilgan.

Subjects of research: Object are vehicles for transportation of mineral oil through pass « Kamchik », a subject - increase of their reliability.
Purpose of work: Increase of efficiency of technical operation of vehicles by transportation mineral oil through pass « Kamchik » at the expense of perfection of a design and increase of operational reliability.
Methods of research: Researches are based on theoretical and experimental methods of the analysis of operational properties of a rolling stock and indicators of properties of reliability. Experimental researches were spent in real conditions of operation with use of methods of under control operation of cars and the mathematical statistics at processing of results.
The results obtained and their novelty: On the basis of the executed researches the scientifically-practical problem on perfection of a design and increase of operational reliability of autotractors is solved.
Practical value:
- The technique of an estimation of fitness of a design and a choice of a rolling stock is developed for transportation of mineral oil through pass « Kamchik », based on theoretical both experimental researches of operational properties and their definition numerical values for autotractors Ford Cargo - 1827, MAZ-642208-020 and ISUZU-EXZ5IK;
- Are defined indicators of properties of reliability and the card of reliability of autotractors Ford Cargo - 1827 and MAZ-642208-020 is developed;
- The rolling stock design is improved at operation in mountain conditions.
- Technological process of maintenance service and car repairs is improved.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity:
- Are introduced at factories "SamAvto" and «MAZ» offers on perfection of a design of autotractors.
- Are introduced in VTC «Avtonefttrans» Fergana Oil refining factory advanced technological process of maintenance service and car repairs.
- Economy efficiency of the work from its applications is 54.66 mln. Sum per year.
- Results of researches in educational process are introduced by preparation of masters on a specialty 5A521205 «Cars and an automobile economy» at discipline studying «Technological base of the enterprises of branch of motor transport» and also at courses of improvement of qualification of technical officers VTC «Avtonefttrans ».
Field of application: Automotive transportation.

This  article  provides  analytical  information  on  the  use  of  3D  technologies  in  the  education  system,  the  introduction  of  digital  technologies and  the  possible  results  to  improve  the  quality  of  teaching  through  an  individual approach to students using 3D resources.

Ushbu  maqolani  yozishdan  maqsad  boshqaruv  personalining lokal  avtomatlashtirilgan  ish  о‘rnini  (AIО‘)  loyihalashda  amaliy  kо‘nikmalarni egallash hisoblanadi. Odatda kadrlar bо‘limi shaxsiy tartib ishchilari rо‘yxati, kadrlar harakati,  kadrlarni  о‘qitish  va  qayta  о‘qitish  ishlarini  olib  boradi.  Shuningdek, bо‘limning vazifalariga lavozim instruksiyalarini tuzish, hisobotlarni shakllantirish va anketalarni  qayta  ishlash  ham  kiradi.  Shu  bilan  birga,  bо‘lim  mehnat  intizomi, xizmatchilarni xizmat pog‘onalarida kо‘tarilishini nazorat qiladi.