Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
44
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
44-50
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
448
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
A developed competitive environment, in turn, becomes important in determining the competitiveness of suppliers
of goods and services that require constant improvement of their quality. Functioning in today's rapidly changing
market requires a new look at the issue of quality management. In the article, the author examines the features of the
quality management system in the management mechanism of higher education institutions; the relationship
between the expected results of its implementation and implementation, as well as conducted a sociological study
and presented the results of the analysis in order to study the attitude of the faculty and staff of the university to this
management resource.
KEYWORDS
Quality, management, system, higher education institution, teachers, management, survey, respondent, assessment,
consumer.
INTRODUCTION
The development of an integrated system of processes
and information at the international level, increasing
competition in the context of globalization, a sharp
change in the attitude towards social management in a
beneficial way, enhances social adaptation in the
management system. The perfection of the
management of social processes requires the
improvement of the collection system by re-analyzing
the information of the educational system in the
current conditions. The changes taking place in our
Research Article
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING A SOCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Submission Date:
November 03, 2023,
Accepted Date:
November 08, 2023,
Published Date:
November 13, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume03Issue11-06
Bekmurodov Mansur Bobomurodovich
Doctor of Sociology, professor, Head of the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Management,
Academy of Public Administration under the President Republic of Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmef
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
45
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
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2771-2257)
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03
ISSUE
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:
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SJIF
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(2021:
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
country in recent years reveal a number of
controversial and pressing problems that have a
theoretical and practical nature and are very important
for the development of the educational system. The
issues of theory, methodology and practice of
managing the quality of education in the context of
changing our current society include priority issues.
The search for the scientific foundations of Education
Management, promising approaches, large-scale
educational activities are one of the main tasks of
modernizing the educational system of our republic.
Research methodology. The purposeful management
of society also provides reliable protection for the
nature of our people from irrationalist moods passed
on as a negative legacy from the past, that is, from a
deep lack of perception of reality, from living in a state
of vagrancy without realizing the processes taking
place, changes, external and internal risks, the famous
sociologist scientist in his treatise M.B.Bekmuradov
[4]. Also, if we want to achieve labor efficiency and
sustainable achievement, we must thoroughly study all
the factors affecting it, both positive and negative, and
create the necessary set of measures. In other words,
it is necessary to optimally control labor processes
using complex methods [5], emphasizes prof.
N.S.Alikariev.
Another of the famous sociologists of our republic is
A.Kholbekov [6] management, in his opinion, is an
activity aimed at regulating social relations, it is a
mental activity that is clearly targeted, planned and
consciously organized in order to achieve the highest
result, spending the least amount of tools (time, effort
and reserves) and requiring control. Targeted
management of the masses and the implementation of
these processes on the basis of national interests and
the proportionality of universal principles will create a
solid foundation for the overall intellectual and
aesthetic, socio-economic development, political and
moral stability of the country.
Of the scientists who made a significant contribution
to the development of Management Science in our
country, M.Sharifkhujaev, Ya.Abdullaevs argued that
management is a choice that requires a certain high art
and skill, making a decision based on that choice and
controlling its implementation, and described it as
follows: “management is a proces
s of choice, decision
-
making and control over its implementation” [7].
Academic S.S.Gulomov believes that “management is
a purposeful management method or management
aimed at the effective organization of Labor. In the
current period, management-reflects the various
requirements for management, that is, the method of
work, the ability to carry out work, the art of correctly
directing the movement of people in joint activities and
the requirements for science, the fulfillment of the set
goal without a stri
ct, administrative requirement” [8].
One of the economists, M.Kh. Saidov [9], in his treatise,
states that according to its nature and description,
management activity has the importance of mental
regulation in the life of society. The more science-
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
46
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
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2771-2257)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
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(2021:
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(2023:
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
technological, economic and social achievements of
humanity increase, the more the demand for
knowledge in management activities will increase
continuously. “The essence of management is to
ensure that the objective and subjective conditions are
in a ratio and relationship that allows to achieve the set
goal”, he thinks.
M.Kh.Saidov says that the important management
goal of a modern leader is to morally raise his
employees to a high level, to turn them into a spiritually
healthy team, and he emphasizes that management is
always an opportunity to rule over people, but
management should be reasonable. The normal
functioning of any organization depends on the correct
distribution of power in the management system. He
believes that the regulated positions in the
management system are an important condition for
the proper functioning of any structure.
G.M.Kasimov believes that “management is the
implementation of work through management,
teaching how business people work, forming a new
management mindset. Management is understood as
the organization, planning, control, coordination of
interaction
within
the
organization,
the
implementation of processes, relationships, actions
through the use of the firm's potential, to achieve the
goal of firms” [10].
Among the pedagogues, R.Kh.Djuraev, S.T.Turgunov,
"educational management is management organized
on a scientific basis, based on a unique hierarchy: a
leader, a pedagogical team, a team of learners”.
Accordingly, management can be implemented on the
basis of different models: an integrated model, the first
level is management of the activities of the
pedagogical team, and the second level is
management of students' [11]. The need for
management is related to the dynamics of the
managed system. As the management theory
literature states, if any system can always be in the
same state, then there is no need for management. The
meaning of management is to influence the dynamic
system in order to make certain changes. The problems
of reflexive management are covered in the works of
T.M.Davydenko,
B.C.Lazarev,
M.M.Potashnik,
P.I.Tretyakov, T.N.Shamova [12].
In recent years, the most important trend in the
development of educational quality management,
which determines the essence of educational quality
management, is a systematic approach, which is
considered not only a type of methodological research,
but also a modern method of management thinking
that allows providing holistic and integrated
educational management in a complex dynamic
environment.
Analysis and results. Any management system should
not only take into account the official indicators and
activity results, but should turn to the analysis of its real
content. When it comes to quality management in
higher educational institutions, it is clear that an
objective assessment of quality and overall
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
47
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
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(2023:
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
management efficiency cannot be obtained only on
the basis of the results of checking the necessary
documents, the existence of a set of relevant
educational and methodological documents, etc., and
a comprehensive approach to determining quality
criteria is necessary. The research was conducted in the
higher educational institutions of our republic in
March-October 2022. 612 respondents from higher
educational institutions took part in the research. The
survey questionnaire consisted of 25 questions, mainly
about the university and social, economic and other
conditions, i.e. the attitude of professors and teachers
to the teaching process, the quality of education at the
university, the level of satisfaction with the educational
process, and the problems of evaluating the quality
management system and its effectiveness. Among the
respondents, 74% of professors and associate
professors who have been working at the university for
more than 15 years, 26% of teachers and senior teachers
with 5 years or more of work experience participated.
The age of the respondents was as follows: young
teachers (up to 35 years old) - 46.5%, "mature" teachers
over 35 years old - 53.5%. Males and females accounted
for 38% and 62%, respectively.
“Do you thi
nk there are alternative management
resources to the quality management system (QMS) in
the university?” to our question, we received the
following answers from the respondents: “now there
is no alternative to QMS”
-
20%, “QMS can be used
alongside traditi
onal management methods”
-
50%, “it
is better to use traditional (time-tested) management
methods in the university" -
15%, “the university could
and can function well without QMS”
- 12%, and the rest
of the respondents had difficulty answering. It should
be noted that professors with more than 15 years of
work experience completely denied the need for QMS
in the higher educational institution. In addition, we
believe that the prospects of introducing QMS in the
university are more positively evaluated by young
teachers and university staff.
To the respondents, “how do you think the processes
of reforming higher education in the Republic are
associated with the introduction of a quality
management
system
in
higher
educational
institutions?” we contacted the
question. The answers
were different: 36% of the survey participants "directly
related, because the implementation of QMS is a
mandatory
requirement
of
world
education
standards", 22% "are connected, because the
introduction of QMS is a requirement of the world
community for higher education institutions, and we
also contribute to the world higher education space.
we need to integrate", 13% answered "partially related,
because QMS allows to improve the quality of
education", "not much related, because the quality of
education is not integrally connected with QMS in the
university", 6% answered "not at all related", the
remaining 1% of respondents and they struggled to
answer. Most of the respondents are sure that the
process of reforming higher education in the republic
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
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Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
is connected with the introduction of SMT in the
university.
Another of the main questions of the questionnaire
survey is “what do you think means” consumer
satisfaction " in the QMS at the University? as the so-
called “Consumers will have hig
hly qualified
specialists”, 41% of respondents said that “consumers
as students, parents, employers, the state do not have
an objection to the quality of Higher Education”, 22%
respondents replied that “this is a term derived from
the field of Economics and cannot be related to
education”, while 2% of respondents did not respond.
The consumer today represents a kind of invisible force
for the University, which can significantly affect its
fate. Indeed, for the higher education sector, the
consumer in QMS t is understood as the employer, the
state and society as a whole, as well as the student and
his parents. 22% of respondents, answering the
question posed, obviously did not agree with the
opinion that in higher education the term “consumer”
should be used. After all, when it comes to education,
training, the formation of a worldview, it is difficult to
associate these processes with the concept of
“consumer”. In our opinion, this is due to the fact that
in modern conditions education is interpreted as a
service. However, above we noted that such an
interpretation
should
be
supplemented
with
meaningful features.
Respondents were asked, “What factors can have a
negative effect on the introduction of QMS in the
university?" We asked the question and received the
following answers: “the university does not have a
methodology adapted to the higher education system
for the introduction of QMS”
-
41%, “lack of knowledge
of the management and employees of the university in
the field of QMS”
-
38%, “the university is
not ready to
introduce QMS”
-
56% , “lack of organic communication
between university management and employees”
-
28%, “I have trouble answering”
-
5%, “other factors”
-
2%. In answering this question, experts were not
limited in choosing any factor.
Analyzing the obtained data, we can conclude that all
the above factors can affect the introduction of QMS
in the university to one degree or another. There are
certain difficulties in the direct application of QMS
standards in universities, of course. The system of QMS
standards developed for manufacturing enterprises is
not adapted to the specific characteristics of the
relevant field of education and is not very developed.
We also emphasize that when talking about education,
it is necessary to understand the nature and purpose of
this social phenomenon. Its result is not a technical
product or an inanimate object, but an intellectually
prepared culturally and spiritually formed person.
Respondents were asked “Does the introduction of
QMS in the university affect the improvement of the
quality of education?” when we asked the question,
10% of them "definitely influence”, 31% “have an
influence, because QMS is aimed at satisfying the
needs of consumers”, 39% “only partially influence,
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
because the quality of education does not depend only
on how effective the management is in the university",
12% marked “no effect, because formalizing and
documenting all processes cannot improve the quality
of education”, 7% marked “no effect at all”, and the
rest struggled to answer.
CONCLUSIONS
The analysis of the conducted studies made it possible
to formulate the following fundamental principles
necessary for Quality Management in higher
educational institutions:
1.
Quality management should be multi-level, and
its main component should be the education
and development of students. This principle
involves the use of various methods for
determining the quality of education (tests,
questionnaires, etc.).
2.
Quality management programs should include
research and result analysis. The results must
be interpreted, analyzed and maintained.
Hence, quality management will also be useful
in the future, when the results that differ over
time are compared.
3.
Quality management programs must be
realistic. As you can see, quality management
should start with realistic expectations in terms
of achieving the intended goals.
4.
The goals of higher educational institutions
should correspond to its resources.
5.
The main advantage of quality management
results is that it provides information that does
not exist in any other way, but is necessary for
decision-making.
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