Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
138
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
138-146
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article analyzes the financial activities of the agricultural sector in the context of the digital economy, including,
in recent years, the development of the agricultural sector in Uzbekistan has been given a high level of importance,
the government has determined the consistent continuation of the cluster policy to ensure the rapid development of
the national economy and high growth rates. Due to the fact that there is insufficient scientific research on the
implementation of cluster activities, effective organization and improvement of the financing system, especially the
principles of innovative organization, effective financing, as well as the study of the form of management structures
and their main features, remain urgent tasks.
KEYWORDS
Activities of agroclusters, financial analysis, digital economy, financial assessment, national economy, cluster policy,
financing system, effective financing, cluster structures, cluster approach, competitiveness in the economy.
INTRODUCTION
Today, any country is required to introduce digital
knowledge in order to achieve development. Digital
technologies improve the quality of products and
services and reduce overhead costs. Our President
Research Article
PROVIDING INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR
AND MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DIGITAL
ECONOMY
Submission Date:
November 11, 2024,
Accepted Date:
November 16, 2024,
Published Date:
November 21, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume04Issue11-13
Bustonov Komiljon Kumakovich
Dosent., Tashkent university of applied sciences, TUAS, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmef
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
139
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
138-146
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
touched on the digital economy several times in his
Address, and as a result, the "Digital Uzbekistan - 2030"
program was developed (Mirziyoev Sh., 2020).
In recent years, a high level of importance has been
attached to the development of agroclusters in
Uzbekistan. The Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022 No. PF-
60 "On the Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan
for 2022-2026" stipulates the consistent continuation
of the clustering policy in ensuring rapid development
of the national economy and high growth rates.
However, it is still enough for scientists to implement
cluster activities, effectively organize and improve the
financing system no scientific studies have been
conducted. In particular, studying the principles of
cluster organization, effective financing, and the form
of cluster structures and their main features remains
an urgent task.
According to Harvard Business School Professor
Michael Porter, the founder of the cluster approach to
determining and increasing competitiveness in the
economy, how many clusters in a given country
developed if b dies , of the population marriage level
and competitiveness of companies will be higher.
As part of the research, a number of scientific literature
and sources on the financial analysis of the agrarian
sector in the context of digitization were analyzed. For
example, in 1995, Don Tapsot used the term "Digital
economy" for the first time in his work "Digital
economy: promise and danger in the age of intellectual
networks", and I. Umarov, who described the forms,
methods, means and communication environment of
its implementation, is the key to innovative
management in the digital economy. increasing
economic efficiency through business application.
Scientific analysis and synthesis, monographic
research, expert assessment, economic-mathematical
and statistical methods were used in the research
work. researched ways to increase efficiency. Agrarian
sector in digital conditions In the 80s of the 20th
century, M. Porter introduced the term cluster as an
economic category into the scientific process. The
essence of agrocluster by A.A. Nastin, "agrocluster is
geographically
located,
interdependent
and
complementary, different property owners - family It is
defined as a system of market subjects consisting of
farms, cooperative enterprises of farmers, social and
scientific organizations, educational institutions and
consulting services.
According to the Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan No. 160 of 2022 "On the
Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022-
2026", 464,000 hectares of land will be extended and
divided into clusters on the basis of an open
competition, the cultivation of exportable products
and the development of fruit and vegetable growing,
the area of intensive bots will be tripled and
greenhouses will be increased. The goal is to double
the export potential to 1 billion US dollars. However,
today there are 5,500 hectares of unusable bots and
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International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
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2771-2257)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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138-146
OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
2,500 hectares of vineyards and several more
inefficient greenhouses.
Theoretically, a cluster is formed on the basis of
government and business initiatives. The formation of
a cluster in a particular industry is considered to be of
strategic importance for the national economy, and
the cluster is considered a whole that can lead the
entire chain, laying the foundation for internal growth.
For example,
food in the industry the cluster formation
opportunity laughing coming out if we find it, we will buy
it sectors, in particular, dairy and dairy products work in
release big potential is available in it of the cluster
important elements - animal husbandry farms;
enterprises processing cheese and milk, manufacturing
enterprises using processed products;
For example: machine-building enterprises producing
special
equipment,
container
and
packaging
production, standardization of cheese and milk,
metrology and certification organizations. Agrarian the
field step by step formation process different
interested parties (state and local power organs,
different ownership in forms large and small business
entities and educational institutions) that attract is a
sad process.
In our opinion,
The organization of agroclusters and the
achievement of financial efficiency should be based on
the following principles:
complexity, scientific basis, diversity,
profitability, systematicity, efficiency, synergism;
dynamic
balance
flexibility
and
motivational
The principle of scientific basis determines that
management activities for the formation of clusters
should be based on scientific data, from the point of
view of a systematic approach, a cluster is a set of
interrelated
elements
(enterprises,
equipment,
suppliers of components, specialized development and
services,
scientific
research
and
educational
organizations.
If the rational principle means that the formation of a
cluster is carried out using the least number of
resources, the principle of efficiency is the principle
aimed at ensuring the high level of activity of the
cluster.
explains how to ensure the joint actions of the cluster
participants to achieve common goals, in which the
cluster members unite and organize their activities,
complementing each other, so that the overall
performance is higher than the individual performance
of each cluster member. In general, synergy allows to
accelerate the introduction of innovations, increase
the volume of sales and reduce costs.
The principle of motivation explains the need to use
factors that regulate the activities of the participants in
the process of formation and operation of the
arrocluster.
Motivating factors among cluster members (resource
effective supply chain management;
information
services,
marketing
services, financial services;
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Servi
opportunities to use financial resources;
scientific tad qiqotl ar and availability of
personnel with scientific potential; the existence of
relationship frameworks for the transfer of knowledge
and experience;
collective interests and the existence of
effective strategies for the development of the cluster;
cluster development strategy) and other
clusters are developed in a competitive environment
based on market mechanisms.
At the same time, the geographical proximity of cluster
members increases the opportunity to advance
collective interests in cooperation with government
agencies and other stakeholders, reduces transaction
costs, and achieves synergistic and multiplicative
effects at the regional level.
Our analysis shows that if the above principles and
factors are followed in the effective organization of
agro-clusters, a system of competitive clusters based
on market relations will be created, achieving financial
efficiency.
Here, one more thing should be emphasized, one of
the important elements of financing any cluster is
investment attractiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to
study the investment attractiveness taking into
account the specific characteristics of each cluster
participant and the factors influencing their specific
market activity.
If we analyze the activities of clusters, we can see that
in developing countries, great attention is paid to their
introduction, but this issue is considered a priority task
in Uzbekistan only in recent years (1-fig.).
Fig.1. Clusters are analyzed
1
in the countries of the world
400
350
300
250
50
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Publisher:
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Regarding the introduction of clusters and their
financial analysis, 60 percent of the GDP in AI\Sh is
produced by enterprises involved in clusters, 38
percent of the labor force of the EU countries works in
clusters, in particular, the economies of Norway,
Sweden and Denmark are almost completely covered
by clusters. (Painotalo Suomenmaa, 2003).
US dollars will be allocated for the development of
regional innovation clusters and business incubators
from the 2010 budget budget as one of the factors
determining the competitiveness of the national
economy in the future.
In Canada, high experience has been formed in the
establishment, support and financing of clusters,
including the biotechnology cluster (Toronto,
Vancouver, Ottawa); information technology cluster
(Montreal, Ontario); Examples include the wine cluster
(Niagara), the food cluster (Toronto), and other
clusters.
In Germany, the automotive cluster (Baden-
Württemberg),
medical
equipment
cluster
(Tutlingene), chip production cluster (Dresden) and
the biotechnology cluster (Berlin-Brandenburg) can be
cited as an example. France to micro and
nanotechnologies based on "Minalogic" of the cluster
Within the framework of the "Foremost" project,
contacts have been established with 24 partners from
8 countries to create high-quality microchips.
In Uzbekistan, it was obtained from the Ministry of
Economy If we analyze the activities of clusters based
on the data , we can see that science, innovation
achievements and advanced technologies are being
introduced into the field (Table 2), in particular, the
average number of farms attached to clusters
increased by 85% every year (7861 in 2020 , 15,600 in
2023), created jobs by 81% (9.3 thousand in 2020, 25.3
thousand in 2023), clusters number by 79% (86 in 2020,
245 in 2023), attached land area by 73% (2020 by 78.8
thousand, 2023 by 303 thousand), export volume by
69% (2020 by 72 million U.S. USD, 2023 USD 500
million), processing capacity by 68% (2020 554
thousand tons, 2023 2950 thousand tons), attracted
investment by 65% (2021 USD 128 million, 2023 USD 205
million) The increase is forecast in the following years .
In addition, in 23 clusters, the supply of resources to
farmers, processing and processing processes, and the
provision of laboratory services were carried out on a
scientific basis , water-saving technologies were
introduced by 68 clusters on an area of 12.6 thousand
hectares, the level of mechanization in agriculture was
increased, and technical was improved, more than 850
resource-saving high-yielding modern agricultural
machines were purchased, direct investment increased
compared to the previous years, clusters attracted a
total of 128 million US dollars a value chain was created,
large investment projects were implemented, 34
projects on product processing were implemented
(683 thousand tons worth 650 billion sums), in 2020-
2021 in the regions more than 9.3 thousand new jobs
were created
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Publisher:
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Table 1
Analysis of arroclusters in Uzbekistan
2020
2021
2022
2023
Average
growth
%
Number of combined farms
7 851
9 868
12 350
15,600
85%
Jobs created (thousands)
9.3
9.3
17.5
25.3
81%
Number of clusters
86
146
163
245
79%
Combined land area (minr.ra)
78.8
113.5
197
303
73%
Export volume ($ million)
72
75
250
500
69%
Q processing power (minr.tn)
554
841.8
1450
2 950
68%
Attracted investment ($ mln.)
128
155
205
65%
Land area of farms (minr.ra)
87
110
185
60%
Absorption of processing steps ( % )
15
25
35
58%
Effective use of the cluster system and its financial
effectiveness in connection with the reforms being
carried out in our country increase cluster system in a
short period of time in processing industry enterprises
of all our countries The task of forming innovative
aspects of development is not a priority. At the same
time, it is our country to produce the semi-finished
products that are being created right here, through the
cluster system, into finished products, and export
them as ecologically clean products that are
competitive in the world market. will increase the
economy even more, of course.
In the US manufacturing industry, the share of
employment in enterprises with fewer than 100
employees increased from 18.6 to 23.7 percent in the
last decade, and from 67.3 to 62.6 percent in
enterprises with fewer than 500 employees. The
growth of cluster-based activity is observed in all
sectors of industry, except for the food and tobacco
industry. The growth of employment in small and
micro-firms in the construction sector was the only
source of the overall growth of home-based jobs in this
sector of the economy. The data presented indicate a
high degree of flexibility in the production of products.
Enterprises united on the basis of clusters are making
a big contribution to the Chinese economy. According
to analytical data, by the end of 2020, there will be
450,000 large and small enterprises here, and they will
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account for about half of all industrial products. 5
million in the country. About 100,000 joint ventures
operate on the basis of mutual cooperation, the
number of them it increases to 100,000 annually. The
development of joint ventures in China takes place in
two directions. In cities, collective property enterprises
are established on the basis of mutual cooperation,
and in rural areas, enterprises are established on the
basis of rural mutual cooperation. The increase in the
total volume of industrial production is roughly equally
distributed between the state industry and the above-
mentioned enterprises.
Through the financial analysis of cluster activity, we can
come to the conclusion that foreign countries have
gained a lot of experience in the development of joint
entrepreneurship based on mutual cooperation, which
has a positive effect on the economic development of
these countries. As a result, depending on specific
conditions, the variety of forms of production
cooperation of various economic entities within the
cluster leads to the shortcomings inherent in large-
scale production that ensures stable economic growth.
flexibility allows to increase the flexibility of
production to constantly changing consumer demand
for goods, works and services.
In economics, a cluster is not only a competition, but
also a group of production enterprises and
organizations that are united into a single
technological system, based on a collective approach
to solving existing problems, effective use of available
raw materials, energy and labor resources, active
exchange of knowledge, dynamic socio-economic
relations and mutual trust in cooperation. In our
opinion, as in other economic structures, the system of
assessment indicators and issues of financial liquidity
should be analyzed in the agrocluster. For example, the
main task to be solved when determining the financial
condition of an innovative project related to an
agrocluster is to assess the liquidity of the cluster in a
timely manner, taking into account its solvency, and to
fully respond to its financial obligations, especially
during the period of investment of its funds.
In this case, the future plan of the financial situation
includes the following: profit plan (report of financial
results); cash flow plan (cash flow report); planned
balance sheet (balance:report). Also, the system of
optimal indicators is used to evaluate the optimality of
this project.
Another element of the financial analysis of the
agricultural sector is the Balanced ScoreCard (VSS),
which was founded by Robert Kaplan and David
Norton in the early 90s. The system of integrated
indicators is a management system based on the
determination and evaluation of the efficiency of the
enterprise by optimally selected indicators that reflect
all aspects of the enterprise's activity, that is, both
financial and non-financial (Kaplan R, 1996).
R.Kaplan and D.Norton scientifically justified the need
to observe at least four factors (finances; customers;
internal
business
processes;
training
and
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development) in the formation of a system of
indicators used by successful enterprises. We can note
separately that we can accept the idea of these
scientists as an important scientific and economic basis
for the formation of the agricultural sector in
Uzbekistan.
In our opinion, it is reasonable to use the following
indicators for the financial assessment of the
organization of the agricultural sector: financial factor
(profit-increasing net profit; cost reduction, share of
costs in the volume of products sold, costs per 1 sum of
products sold; share of domestic and world markets
increase, income from product sales); customer factor
(volume of products sold and income from product
sales); internal business environment (purchase of
modern and advanced equipment, balance value of
fixed assets.
CONCLUSIONS
Digital economy under the conditions of the
agricultural sector, it is effective financial analysis of
the
operation
i;uyidary
conclusion
regarding
improvement and suggestions we can bring.
The population, which provides socio-economic
development in agriculture different layers, real a
product that consistently increases revenue from
cultivation starting from say deeply to work The
system that is, the sub-complex is further
developmental, various science, educational fields
scientists, production specialists, economists life
experience, qualifications, a cluster emdiving
knowledge introduction of management technology
fit for purpose.
Suggest the following for this we deliver:
cluster management is highly
skilled a special team consisting of specialists
compliant
advice
through
should
be
implemented.
own cluster drink olran h ududda high
effective
techniques
and
technologies
development, introduction, scientific-practical
rigorous scientific research with solutions to
problems institutions, high t r a i n i n g o f
qualified specialists of higher and secondary
specialization practice by educational institutions
should be increased;
management cluster technology current
reach high added value be ensuring the preparation
of products in turn complex no all joints control
with the help of ai;lli machine system, which
dramatically reduces p r o d u c t i o n costs energy
to get biography work release and so much similar
other technologies shopping and current to eat
should create an opportunity.
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Uzbekistan Republic President
2022 year 28
January " By
2022-2026
mujjalanran
Yanri
Uzbekistan tara qq i yo t strategy about the flag No.
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