Vo
lu
m
e
5,
Fe
br
ua
ry
,2
02
5
,
M
ED
IC
AL
SC
IE
N
CE
S.
IM
PA
CT
FA
CT
OR
:7
,8
9
METHODS OF ELIMINATING FAULTS IN MEDICAL EQUIPMENT AND
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
A’zamov R.A., Yuldashev X.I.
Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health. Fergana. Uzbekistan
Abstract:
One of the most important issues related to the use and elimination of electronic
medical equipment for a medical worker is its electrical safety. The patient, due to various
reasons (detoxification of the div, the effects of anesthesia, weakness, the presence of
electricity in the div, i.e. direct connection of the patient to the electrical circuit, etc.), is in
a particularly dangerous electrical environment compared to a healthy person. To prevent
electrical hazards, it is necessary to observe safety precautions.
Keywords:
Electrical hazard, electrical circuit, electrical network, insulation, electrical
medical devices, electrodes, resistance.
Medical workers working with electronic medical equipment are also exposed to electrical
hazards. Electrical networks and technical systems usually provide electrical voltage.
Troubleshooting is the key to identifying problems and implementing the correct
maintenance, which will return the device in question to service as soon as possible.
Troubleshooting requires knowledge of troubleshooting techniques and a thorough
understanding of the theory of operation, structure, and proper use of the device in question.
In general, troubleshooting has moved from component-level diagnostics to broader or
assembly-level diagnostics. Circuit designs are using fewer and more discrete components,
and replacing individual ICs is often difficult or impossible.
Manufacturers’ service information often does not include component-level diagrams,
descriptions, or parts lists, which makes it difficult to get down to the component level.
Some electronic systems can still be repaired and repaired at the component level, so these
skills should not be neglected. Step zero can be used to determine whether the device is
covered under any warranty or service agreement.
The first step in troubleshooting is to gather as much information about the problem as
possible. This includes asking anyone who is using the device about the conditions that
existed when the error occurred. Is the device making noises, smells, or smoke? Are there
Vo
lu
m
e
5,
Fe
br
ua
ry
,2
02
5
,
M
ED
IC
AL
SC
IE
N
CE
S.
IM
PA
CT
FA
CT
OR
:7
,8
9
any codes or error lights? What accessories were used with the equipment? If possible, get
the accessories!
Was there anything else unusual before the malfunction occurred? What other
equipment was being used at the time?
The second step involves reviewing the device's information. This may be something
that you know almost automatically about common problems, or it may be something you've
never seen before. If there is a service manual, you can consult it. On the other hand, service
manuals may contain very little useful information for troubleshooting.
The third step is to try to reproduce the problem. Some problems occur from time to
time, and just as your car never makes that funny noise when you take it in for repair, so too
will failures occur from time to time when testing a device in a lab. You should try to
recreate the conditions under which the failure occurred, as they are known to occur.
Patience and a methodical approach will help achieve this goal, and some techniques come
only with experience. It may not be possible to reproduce the problem. The device may not
work at all, or it may continue to work without apparent problems. In the second case, you
can decide whether to return the device to service or not without doing anything further.
Step four is to inspect the inside of the unit for damage, which can be a good indication that
it has been damaged (even if the end user denies this possibility), and then you should look
for internal damage. Carefully inspect the exterior of the unit for signs of damage, liquid
ingress, overheating, or deterioration. Physical shock can cause heavy components such as
transformers to be pulled out of their normal positions, and liquids entering the unit can
leave obvious signs of corrosion or shrinkage. Some units may have internal fuses that can
be checked for continuity.
Replacing a blown component may solve the problem, but it is often only a symptom of an
underlying problem. Sometimes replacing the component and turning the unit on can
provide additional information if the bad component is not actually the problem. Service
manuals can have good troubleshooting guides that take you methodically through the
system, checking for various things like voltage or waveforms at test points, or looking for
specific answers from the device.
Vo
lu
m
e
5,
Fe
br
ua
ry
,2
02
5
,
M
ED
IC
AL
SC
IE
N
CE
S.
IM
PA
CT
FA
CT
OR
:7
,8
9
If there is no useful troubleshooting information available, you may need to work through
your own circuit. If possible, identify the power source and power supply. Check the
voltages - these may be marked on the circuit boards, or you can make an educated guess as
to what voltages should be at various points in the circuit. Check the continuity of the
switches, as well as the power supply transformer. If it is not getting power from the power
supply, it will need to be replaced.
Sometimes simple component failures can be identified using a multimeter or component
analyzer. If spare parts are available, the faulty component can be replaced, but this may be
a symptom of another problem. On the other hand, replacing a diode can be a miracle cure.
If no component failures are found, the next step can be called.
In the fifth step, you should check the device for spare boards or other assemblies,
and if all other troubleshooting does not find the problem, try replacing them one by one,
starting with the board you can find.
In the sixth step, if after performing all available actions, the device still does not
work, it can be sent to the manufacturer or an approved repair facility. For large devices that
are not suitable for sending, an on-site service call is required.
According to electrical safety regulations, a single failure should not pose an
immediate danger to a person. Possible leakage currents are divided into types of
electromedical devices and the degree of protection against electric shock of these products.
At the end of the last century, the Russian engineer M.O. Dolivo-Dobrolosky proposed a
three-phase current system (three-phase current) to technically solve the problem of
sparingly transmitting alternating current through wires. Not all electrical medical
equipment is reliably protected by grounding or neutral. According to additional protective
measures against electric shock of the supply network, the equipment is divided into four
classes: 1) products in which, in addition to the main insulation, it is provided to connect the
voltage supply to the ground (neutral) on easily accessible metal parts. This can be done, for
example, using a three-pronged mains cord and a three-pin plug. Two wires of the cord
serve to create voltage, and the third serves as a grounding conductor. When you insert a
plug into a socket, it first connects to the ground, and then to the power supply.
Vo
lu
m
e
5,
Fe
br
ua
ry
,2
02
5
,
M
ED
IC
AL
SC
IE
N
CE
S.
IM
PA
CT
FA
CT
OR
:7
,8
9
Above, only the main issues of electrical safety when working with electrical medical
devices were considered. Since it is difficult to give an electrical explanation of various
situations that can lead to accidents, we will limit ourselves to a few general instructions.
Do not touch the devices with both hands and div parts at the same time;
Do not work on a wet floor or ground;
When working with electrical devices, do not touch pipes (gas, water heating), metal
structures;
Do not touch metal parts of two devices at the same time.
When performing treatment using electrodes connected to the patient, it is difficult to
foresee many variants that create an electrical safety situation (touching the patient with
heating batteries, gas and water pipes and taps, contact through the div of an adjacent
device, etc.), therefore, when performing treatment, it is necessary to follow the instructions
and not deviate from them.
Troubleshooting methods and electrical safety in medical equipment are very
important aspects. For medical equipment to function effectively, it is necessary to regularly
check and adjust them. If malfunctions occur, diagnostics and repairs should be carried out
by qualified specialists. Regarding electrical safety, proper insulation of electrical circuits,
grounding and special protection systems should be installed to prevent errors such as device
failures, short circuits or overloads. It is also necessary to conduct safety checks before using
medical equipment and provide users with appropriate knowledge and skills. Implementing
electrical safety measures and adhering to standards developed by qualified specialists when
troubleshooting play an important role in ensuring the safety of medical equipment.
References
1. https://fayllar.org/tashhis-qoyuvchi-tibbiyot-tekhnikasi-kurilmalari.html.
2. A.N. Remizov “Medical and biological physics” (recommended by the Ministry of Higher
and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a textbook for
students of higher medical institutions) -T.: 2018.
3. S. Umarov., et al. “Medical equipment and new medical technologies”, Tashkent.
“Economy-Finance.: 2018.
4.Nosirov N.V., “Modern approaches to improving the methodological competence of future
teachers of technological education” “Education, science and innovation” Scientific journal-
Tashkent, 2024. –No. 12–B.272-277-pp.
5.Nosirov N.V., “Use of project technologies in the development of professional skills and
skills of modern education teachers” Innova Science // Journal of Education, Ethics and
Value (JEEV) Vol. 3, No. 11, 2024 ISSN: 2181-4392.-2024.-No.11. pp.392-396.
6. Nosirov N.V, “Tendencies in the development of methodological competence in future
technological education teachers” Mind, matter, and meaning: Uniting neuroscience,
philosophy, and cognitive science” “International scientific and current research
Vo
lu
m
e
5,
Fe
br
ua
ry
,2
02
5
,
M
ED
IC
AL
SC
IE
N
CE
S.
IM
PA
CT
FA
CT
OR
:7
,8
9
conferences” Austin USA. 30.04.2024. Pages 91-94. Doi:-https//doi.org/10.37547/iscrc-
intconf35.
7. Nosirov N.V., “Problems and innovative methods of developing methodical competences
in future teachers of technological education” Scientific journal “FarDU Scientific News”.
Fergana, 2024. - No. 2. -B.154-158.
8. Nosirov N.V, “Methodology for the improvement of future technological education
teachers in the educational environment informing their methodological competence” The
magazine works on hinh bases and meets the quality level. “Journal leading ideas for
sustainability” Journal of India. 2.05.2024. Pages 1-8. ISSN: 7586-3745.
https:/doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11114688.
