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ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE CLINIC, TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION
OF EYE LESIONS
Ismailov Saidullo
Andijan State Medical Institute
Annotation.
This article will analyze the traumatic eye injuries of patients admitted to the
Eye Diseases Department of the Andijan State Medical Institute Clinic between January 31,
2024 and December 31, 2024. The main causes and structure of injuries, the structure of
complications, as well as the main types of surgical treatment are analyzed.
Keywords
: trauma, iatrogenism, dislocation, subluxation.
This scientific article analyzes traumatic eye injuries of patients admitted to the Department
of Ophthalmology of the Clinic of the Andijan State Medical Institute during the period of 1
year, from January 31, 2024 to December 31, 2024. The main causes of injuries, the
formation of complications, as well as the main types of surgical treatment are analyzed.
Relevance of the topic
. The problem of full rehabilitation for injuries of the organ of vision
remains relevant due to the fact that eye injuries continue to occupy a leading place in the
structure of causes of primary visual impairment. Although innovative microsurgical
technologies used in ophthalmology provide a high level of emergency care, the severity of
injuries often exceeds the capabilities of modern medicine. This leads to the conclusion that
it is important to develop effective measures to prevent eye injuries.
Objective:
to analyze the structure of eye injuries with various types of injuries.
Tasks:
To analyze the causes of eye injuries, the structure of injuries, the main
complications of eye injuries, the main types of treatment.
Materials and methods
. The scientific research was conducted in the Department of
Ophthalmology of the Clinical Hospital of the State Institute of Ophthalmology for 1 year,
from January 31, 2024 to December 31, 2024. The medical history of a total of 28 inpatients
was analyzed.
Results and discussion
. 22 out of 28 patients were men, which is 87%, 6 women, which is
13%. Eye injuries were most often recorded at the age of 14-35. Seasonality of injuries was
revealed: in winter it increased 2 times compared to other periods of the year. The average
maximum duration was recorded at the beginning of the week (Monday-Wednesday) from
9:00 to 19:00 and from 21:00 to 23:00. 86% of traumatic eye injuries were associated with
domestic injuries, 10.7% with industrial injuries, 2.8% with criminal injuries, 0.5% with
iatrogenic injuries. Blood alcohol level in the range of 0.18% 0 to 4.18% 0 intoxicated 8
people (%) received eye injuries. The structure of injuries was dominated by contusion of
the eyeball (34.8%), contusion (rupture of the eyeball) among children occurred in 5.0% of
patients. Corneal injuries occurred in 21.0% of patients , and corneal - scleral injuries in
10.3 % of patients . Chemical burns were detected in 5.3% of cases, and thermal burns in
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2.1 % of patients. Fracture of the lower orbital wall occurred in 2% of patients ; separation
of the lower eyelid with damage to the tubules occurred in 2% of patients .
Figure 1. Damage to the eyelids
In addition, 2 eyeball piercing injuries were found.
Intraocular foreign bodies were detected in 5 cases. As part of industrial injuries, 4 patients
had 3rd degree contusions, and 2 patients had 3rd-4th degree contusions. Corneal ulcer was
detected in 2 patients. Four patients were diagnosed with thermal burns and one with
chemical burns. Traumatic cataract takes the leading place in complications - 1 3 % of cases.
Secondary ophthalmic glaucoma was diagnosed in 17.6% of examined patients . Retinal
and choroidal detachment was detected in 4.1 % of patients . Traumatic uveitis developed
in 2.2% of patients. Keratitis developed in 3.1 % of patients, endophthalmitis in 6.7% of
patients. Dislocation and subluxation were detected in 1.8% of patients, ischemic optic
neuropathy in 1.7% of patients . 12 patients underwent surgery. Primary surgical treatment
of the wound was performed. The remaining patients underwent special operations. Thus,
intraocular foreign bodies were detected and removed in 5 people. Two patients required
transplantation of the donor cornea and amniotic membrane . Also, one patient underwent
bone plastic surgery with the installation of a titanium plate. When the posterior segment of
the eye was damaged, 2 patients underwent closed vitrectomy and endovascular
coagulation .
Conclusion
: 1. Compared to 2021, there was a decrease in the number of eye injuries by
12.0% due to a decrease in the level of corneal ulcers and eyeball injuries in the absence of
a trend to reduce burn injuries.
2. Injuries are more common in young working-age men under the age of 40 (65.0%). Eye
injuries are 7 times less common in women.
3. Violation of safety rules remains the main cause of eye injuries in the workplace.
Literature
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