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THE ROLE OF UZBEKISTAN IN THE STRATEGY OF TRANSITION TO A
GREEN ECONOMY, STATE ECONOMIC POLICY AND SOCIAL LIFE IN
ENSURING ENERGY CONSERVATION
Shukurlayeva Mashxura Farxodovna
Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino. Bukhara, Uzbekistan. e-mail:
Abstract:
The article analyzes the necessity and importance of the transition to a green
economy, the structure of the green economy and its features, the problem of the
development of environmental awareness, aspects related to the definition of its
psychological characteristics. The current problems of the sustainable development of the
national economy of Uzbekistan, the formation of the science of “green economy” in the
world and the development of human capital for the “green economy” as a practical
direction for ensuring “green growth” are studied.
Keywords:
green economy, carbon monoxide, energy conservation, environmental change,
climate change, green economy, green ecology and green energy.
РОЛЬ УЗБЕКИСТАНА В СТРАТЕГИИ ПЕРЕХОДА К ЗЕЛЕНОЙ
ЭКОНОМИКЕ, ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ И
ЖИЗНИ ОБЩЕСТВА В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕЖЕННОСТИ
Аннотация:
В статье анализируются необходимость и значение перехода к зеленой
экономике, структура зеленой экономики и ее особенности, проблема развития
экологического сознания, аспекты, связанные с определением ее психологических
особенностей.
Исследованы
актуальные
проблемы
устойчивого
развития
национальной экономики Узбекистана, становления науки “зеленая экономика” в
мире и развития человеческого капитала для “зеленой экономики” как практического
направления обеспечения “зеленого роста”.
Ключевые слова:
зеленая экономика, оксид углерода, энергосбережение,
экологическое изменение, изменение климата, зеленая экономика, зеленая экология и
зеленая энергетика
O’ZBEKISTONNING YASHIL IQTISODIYOTGA O’TISH STRATEGIYASI,
ENERGIYATEJAMKORLIGINI TA’MINLASHDA DAVLAT IQTISODIY
SIYOSATIDA VA JAMIYAT HAYOTIDAGI TUTGAN O’RNI
Annotatsiya
Maqolada yashil iqtisodiyotga o‘tishning zarurati va ahamiyati, yashil
iqtisodiyotning tuzilishi va uning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, ekologik ongni rivojlantirish
muammosi, uning psixologik xususiyatlarini aniqlash bilan bog‘liq jihatlar tahlil qilingan.
O‘zbekiston milliy iqtisodiyotini barqaror rivojlantirish, jahonda “yashil iqtisodiyot” fanini
qaror toptirish va “yashil o‘sish”ni ta’minlashning amaliy yo‘nalishi sifatida "yashil
iqtisodiyot" uchun inson kapitalini rivojlantirishning dolzarb muammolari tadqiq etilgan.
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Kalit so’zlar
yashil iqtisodiyot, uglerod oksidi, energiya tejamkorligi, ekologik o‘zgarishlar,
iqlim o‘zgarishi, yashil iqtisodiyot, yashil ekologiya va yashil energetika
Effective institutions and management structures play a crucial role in developing the green
economy and ensuring the efficient implementation of plans and programs. The transition to
a green economy requires a new way of thinking in business processes. This also
necessitates new skilled workers and specialists who can operate in various fields and have
the potential to function as part of a multidisciplinary team. To transition to a green
economy, it is essential to further enhance the capabilities of personnel. The shift towards a
green economy demands continuous investment in research, technology development,
innovation, and the ongoing improvement of knowledge. We can see that many developed
countries have allocated significant resources for the development of a green economy, and
countries that have invested heavily in research and development have succeeded in
accelerating economic growth rates. We can see the experience of Northern European
countries in this regard.
These countries include Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. These countries
used the tax factor in the development of the "Green Economy." However, there is a need to
clearly define areas that are consistent with and supported by the Sustainable Development
Goals. It requires that research and technological innovation efforts be directed towards
resource efficiency, as well as to areas such as wastewater treatment and desalination,
renewable energy, solid waste recycling and processing, green construction and buildings,
environmentally friendly equipment, and industrial technologies. "On Measures to Further
Reduce Bureaucratic Barriers and Introduce Modern Management Principles into the
Activities of State Bodies and Organizations." A clear example is the Resolution of the
Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 09.03.2020 No. 133.
Today, the "green economy" is considered the basis of sustainable development in the future,
and the driving force is investment funds invested in "green" technologies. These
technologies contribute to saving energy and resources, reducing carbon emissions, using
alternative energy sources, growing organic agricultural products, processing waste,
developing the economy in general without harming nature and the environment, and
ensuring the ecological safety of humanity. Of course, it is difficult to achieve such
measures without state support.
In the context of a modern market economy, the "resource-intensive economy model" leads
to an increase in costs and a decrease in production efficiency. To eliminate these problems,
European countries have set the creation of the "Green Economy" concept as their main goal.
Currently, a group of economists have presented a number of approaches to the essence and
content of the green economy, but it is difficult to find unanimous opinions with a specific
content in them. The green economy is the result of economic activity aimed at improving
the well-being of people. In developed countries, the creation of a competitive environment
and jobs through the effective use of resources is one of the main important factors, while
for developing countries, the elimination of poverty and sustainable development are
important.
Green economy theory is based on the following principles:
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• prioritization of consumer value and quality;
• Following natural currents;
• Waste should be equal to consumption;
• elegance and versatility.
• corresponding coverage level;
• diversity;
• independence, self-organization, self-design;
• participation and direct democracy;
• human creativity and development;
• strategic role of the artificial environment, landscape and spatial design
A number of European countries plan to transition to a carbon-free operating system and
completely eliminate energy carriers by 2035-2050. As is known, the Decree of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 2, 2022, No. PP-436 "On Measures
to Increase the Effectiveness of Reforms Aimed at the Transition of the Republic of
Uzbekistan to a "Green" Economy by 2030" was adopted in our country.
The document approved the Program for the Transition to a "Green" Economy and
Ensuring "Green" Growth in the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030. It is designed to achieve
the following strategic goals:
• reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 35% from the 2010 level;
• increasing the production capacity of renewable energy sources by 15 GW and
bringing their share to more than 30% of the total volume of electricity production;
• increase energy efficiency in the industrial sector by at least 20%;
• reduction of energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product by 30%,
including through the expansion of the use of renewable energy sources;
• significantly increase the efficiency of water use in all sectors of the economy,
introduce water-saving irrigation technologies on an area of up to 1 million hectares;
• expansion of green spaces in cities by more than 30% by planting 200 million
seedlings per year and increasing the total number of seedlings by more than 1 billion;
• increasing the level of solid household waste processing by more than 65%, etc.
RESULT
In conclusion, the transition to a green economy in Uzbekistan is a complex but vital
necessity. Its successful implementation requires comprehensive efforts, strategic planning,
and cooperation at all levels of society and government. Such an approach not only ensures a
sustainable future for Uzbekistan, but also serves as an example for other countries striving
to transition to a model of sustainable and environmentally responsible development.
Summarizing the above, it can be said that today the rational use of the country's natural
resource potential, its careful preservation, preservation of nature by passing it on to our
future generations in its original state, is an integral part of the development strategy being
implemented in the country. Indeed, this can be seen in the activities of the Ecological
Movement of Uzbekistan, organized for this very purpose, and in its programmatic tasks.
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