Authors

  • Oltin Lutfullaev
    Asian International University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.ijms.79533

Abstract

The prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in the general population is 0.2 - 2%, but in certain groups of the population, in particular, among the elderly, it reaches 15%, so hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Overt hypothyroidism is an absolute indication for replacement therapy with thyroid hormones. Currently, L-thyroxine monotherapy is mainly used for replacement therapy of hypothyroidism, although studies that would directly compare it with L-T4 + LТЗ combination therapy have been virtually non-existent to date. In recent years, reports have begun to appear in the literature on some advantages of L-T3 + L-T4 combination therapy for hypothyroidism. A number of studies indicate positive dynamics of psychological indicators against the background of L-T4 + L-T3 combination therapy compared to L-T4 monotherapy. On the other hand, some studies have not confirmed the advantages of combination therapy compared to L-T4 monotherapy. Thus, to date, there is no clear data on the possible advantages and disadvantages of combination therapy L-T4 + L-T3 compared to L-T4 monotherapy. It should be noted that, despite the simplicity and convenience of L-T4 monotherapy, some patients, for various reasons, are in a state of chronic decompensation of hypothyroidism, or, despite maintaining a normal TSH level, present complaints characteristic of hypothyroidism, which to some extent may be evidence of the imperfection of this replacement therapy.

 

 

background image

w

w

w

.a

ca

de

m

icp

ub

lis

he

rs

.o

rg

Vo

lu

m

e

5,

Ap

ri

l,

20

25

,

M

ED

IC

AL

SC

IE

N

CE

S.

IM

PA

CT

FA

CT

OR

:7

,8

9

REPLACEMENT THERAPY OF PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM:

MONOTHERAPY WITH L-THYROXINE AND COMBINATION THERAPY OF L-

THYROXINE AND TRIIODOTHYRONINE

Lutfullaev Oltin Oybekovich

Asian International University

Tel: +998911329697

oltinlutfullayev @ gmail . com

ABSTRACT

.

The prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in the general population is 0.2 - 2%,

but in certain groups of the population, in particular, among the elderly, it reaches 15%, so

hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine diseases. Overt hypothyroidism is an

absolute indication for replacement therapy with thyroid hormones. Currently, L-thyroxine

monotherapy is mainly used for replacement therapy of hypothyroidism, although studies

that would directly compare it with L-T4 + LТЗ combination therapy have been virtually

non-existent to date. In recent years, reports have begun to appear in the literature on some

advantages of L-T3 + L-T4 combination therapy for hypothyroidism. A number of studies

indicate positive dynamics of psychological indicators against the background of L-T4 + L-

T3 combination therapy compared to L-T4 monotherapy. On the other hand, some studies

have not confirmed the advantages of combination therapy compared to L-T4 monotherapy.

Thus, to date, there is no clear data on the possible advantages and disadvantages of

combination therapy L-T4 + L-T3 compared to L-T4 monotherapy. It should be noted that,

despite the simplicity and convenience of L-T4 monotherapy, some patients, for various

reasons, are in a state of chronic decompensation of hypothyroidism, or, despite maintaining

a normal TSH level, present complaints characteristic of hypothyroidism, which to some

extent may be evidence of the imperfection of this replacement therapy.

Scientific novelty

1. For the first time, a comparative study of two options

of replacement therapy for primary hypothyroidism was conducted: L-T4 monotherapy

and L-T4+L-T3 combination therapy using physiological doses of L-T3 using a crossover

design and randomization when forming groups.

2. It was shown that despite adequate L-T4 therapy, atherogenic dyslipidemia often persists

in

patients and positive dynamics of the lipid spectrum was demonstrated when patients were

transferred to L-T4+L-T3 combination therapy.

3. The feasibility of assessing peripheral


background image

w

w

w

.a

ca

de

m

icp

ub

lis

he

rs

.o

rg

Vo

lu

m

e

5,

Ap

ri

l,

20

25

,

M

ED

IC

AL

SC

IE

N

CE

S.

IM

PA

CT

FA

CT

OR

:7

,8

9

markers of thyroid hormone effects, in particular, lipid spectrum parameters for a

comprehensive assessment of hypothyroidism compensation was demonstrated.

4. When assessing the dynamics of bone metabolism markers against the background of

combination therapy for hypothyroidism, a more pronounced

activation of bone resorption was revealed compared to bone formation.

5. The absence of a negative effect of physiological doses of L-T3 preparations on the state

of the cardiovascular system during

combined replacement therapy for hypothyroidism has been proven.

6. In some patients with persistent symptoms against the background of adequate L-T4

monotherapy, positive dynamics of the psychoemotional state was noted when switching to

combination therapy.

Practical significance

1. It has been demonstrated that despite the simplicity and convenience of L-T4 replacement

monotherapy, many patients continue to have decompensated hypothyroidism, and in some

patients, despite adequately

selected L-T4 monotherapy, a number of manifestations of hypothyroidism, such as

atherogenic dyslipidemia, persist.

2. The feasibility of monitoring such peripheral markers of the effects of thyroid hormones

as lipid spectrum indicators for a comprehensive assessment of the adequacy of replacement

therapy for

hypothyroidism has been shown. 3. A group of patients with hypothyroidism for whom

switching to LT4+L-T3 combination therapy would be most appropriate has been identified.

4. The safety of physiological doses of L-T3 in terms of their effect on the cardiovascular

system in young patients has been demonstrated.

5. In the presence of osteoporosis risk factors in patients, the need to assess bone mineral

density before prescribing the L-T4+L-T3 combination has been substantiated.

6. A scheme for selecting replacement therapy for primary hypothyroidism has been

proposed, taking into account the assessment of peripheral markers of thyroid hormone

effects.

CONCLUSIONS

1. L-T4 replacement monotherapy, which achieves normalization of TSH levels, is

accompanied by the circulation of a non-physiologically high fT4 level, while an increase in


background image

w

w

w

.a

ca

de

m

icp

ub

lis

he

rs

.o

rg

Vo

lu

m

e

5,

Ap

ri

l,

20

25

,

M

ED

IC

AL

SC

IE

N

CE

S.

IM

PA

CT

FA

CT

OR

:7

,8

9

the L-T4 dose, leading to a decrease in TSH levels to a low-normal level, does not ensure

the maintenance of a GGZ level similar to that in healthy people.

2. A single dose of L-T3 preparations in the morning does not allow adequately modeling

the production of triiodothyronine by the thyroid gland due to the short half-life of L-T3

preparations.

3. Against the background of L-T4 replacement monotherapy, atherogenic dyslipidemia

persists in some patients with hypothyroidism, which is eliminated by prescribing

combination therapy with L-T4 and L-T3 preparations. 4. Prescribing combination therapy

L-T4+L-T3 is accompanied by a somewhat greater activation of bone resorption compared

to L-T4 monotherapy, which may be accompanied by a decrease in bone mineral density. 5.

In some patients with hypothyroidism, despite adequate L-T4 monotherapy according to

hormonal study data, a number of symptoms persist that can be relieved by switching to

combination therapy L-T4+L-T3.

REFERENCES

1.

Samyeva , G., Narzulaeva , U., & Samiev , U. (2023). The course of arterial

hypertension in residents of an arid region. Catalog monographs , 1(1), 1-108.

2.

Narzullaeva , U., Samyeva , G., & Pardaeva , Z. (2020). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF

MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY. Journal Vestnik Vrachei, 1(2), 155-158.

3.

Narzulaeva , U., Samyeva , G., & Nasirova , Sh. (2021). Hemorheological disorders

in the early stages of hypertension in a hot climate. Journal Biomedicine and Practice , 1(1),

221-225.

4.

Narzulaeva , U. R. (2023). ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA.

Web of Medicine: Journal of Medicine, Practice and Nursing, 1(1), 1-4.

5.

Narzulaeva , U. R. (2023). ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA.

Web of Medicine: Journal of Medicine, Practice and Nursing, 1(1), 1-4.

6.

Narzullaeva , U. R., Samieva , G. U., & Samiev , U. B. (2020). The importance of a

healthy lifestyle in eliminating risk factors in the early stages of hypertension. Journal Of

Biomedicine And Practice, 729-733.

7.

Numonova , A., & Narzulayeva , U. (2023). EPIDEMIOLOGY AND

ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF CHF. Science and Innovation , 1(15), 115-119.

8.

Oripova , O. O., Samyeva , G. U., Khamidova , F. M., & Narzulaeva , U. R. (2020).

The state of the distribution density of lymphoid cells of the laryngeal mucosa and

manifestations of local immunity in chronic laryngitis (analysis of autopsy material).

Academy, ( 4 (55)), 83-86.

9.

Abdurashitovich

,

ZF

(2024).

APPLICATION

OF

MYOCARDIAL

CYTOPROTECTORS IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASES.

EDUCATION SCIENCE AND

INNOVATIVE IDEAS IN THE WORLD

,

39

(5), 152-159.

10.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). ASTRAGAL O'SIMLIGINING TIBBIYOTDAGI

MUHIM AHAMIYATLARI VA SOG'LOM TURMUSH TARZIGA TA'SIRI.

Best

Intellectual Research

,

14

(4), 111-119.

11.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). MORPHO-FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE

DEEP VEINS OF THE HUMAN BRAIN.

EDUCATION SCIENCE AND INNOVATIVE

IDEAS IN THE WORLD

,

36

(6), 203-206.


background image

w

w

w

.a

ca

de

m

icp

ub

lis

he

rs

.o

rg

Vo

lu

m

e

5,

Ap

ri

l,

20

25

,

M

ED

IC

AL

SC

IE

N

CE

S.

IM

PA

CT

FA

CT

OR

:7

,8

9

12.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). THE RELATIONSHIP OF STRESS FACTORS

AND THYMUS.

EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND INNOVATIVE IDEAS IN THE WORLD

,

36

(6), 188-196.

13.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). MIOKARD INFARKTI UCHUN XAVF

OMILLARINING AHAMIYATINI ANIQLASH.

EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND

INNOVATION IDEAS IN THE WORLD

,

36

(5), 83-89.

14.

Rakhmatova , D. B., & Zikrillaev , F. A. (2022). DETERMINE THE VALUE OF

RISK FACTORS FOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

FAN, TA'LIM, MADANIYAT VA

INNOVATSIYA JURNALI| JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, EDUCATION, CULTURE AND

INNOVATION

,

1

(4), 23-28.

References

Samyeva , G., Narzulaeva , U., & Samiev , U. (2023). The course of arterial hypertension in residents of an arid region. Catalog monographs , 1(1), 1-108.

Narzullaeva , U., Samyeva , G., & Pardaeva , Z. (2020). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY. Journal Vestnik Vrachei, 1(2), 155-158.

Narzulaeva , U., Samyeva , G., & Nasirova , Sh. (2021). Hemorheological disorders in the early stages of hypertension in a hot climate. Journal Biomedicine and Practice , 1(1), 221-225.

Narzulaeva , U. R. (2023). ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA. Web of Medicine: Journal of Medicine, Practice and Nursing, 1(1), 1-4.

Narzulaeva , U. R. (2023). ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA. Web of Medicine: Journal of Medicine, Practice and Nursing, 1(1), 1-4.

Narzullaeva , U. R., Samieva , G. U., & Samiev , U. B. (2020). The importance of a healthy lifestyle in eliminating risk factors in the early stages of hypertension. Journal Of Biomedicine And Practice, 729-733.

Numonova , A., & Narzulayeva , U. (2023). EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF CHF. Science and Innovation , 1(15), 115-119.

Oripova , O. O., Samyeva , G. U., Khamidova , F. M., & Narzulaeva , U. R. (2020). The state of the distribution density of lymphoid cells of the laryngeal mucosa and manifestations of local immunity in chronic laryngitis (analysis of autopsy material). Academy, ( 4 (55)), 83-86.

Abdurashitovich , ZF (2024). APPLICATION OF MYOCARDIAL CYTOPROTECTORS IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASES. EDUCATION SCIENCE AND INNOVATIVE IDEAS IN THE WORLD , 39 (5), 152-159.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). ASTRAGAL O'SIMLIGINING TIBBIYOTDAGI MUHIM AHAMIYATLARI VA SOG'LOM TURMUSH TARZIGA TA'SIRI. Best Intellectual Research , 14 (4), 111-119.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). MORPHO-FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE DEEP VEINS OF THE HUMAN BRAIN. EDUCATION SCIENCE AND INNOVATIVE IDEAS IN THE WORLD , 36 (6), 203-206.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). THE RELATIONSHIP OF STRESS FACTORS AND THYMUS. EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND INNOVATIVE IDEAS IN THE WORLD , 36 (6), 188-196.

Abdurashitovich , Z. F. (2024). MIOKARD INFARKTI UCHUN XAVF OMILLARINING AHAMIYATINI ANIQLASH. EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IDEAS IN THE WORLD , 36 (5), 83-89.

Rakhmatova , D. B., & Zikrillaev , F. A. (2022). DETERMINE THE VALUE OF RISK FACTORS FOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. FAN, TA'LIM, MADANIYAT VA INNOVATSIYA JURNALI| JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, EDUCATION, CULTURE AND INNOVATION , 1 (4), 23-28.