Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
31
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
02
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SSUE
11
P
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31-35
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
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OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.654
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The paper considers the use of gamma therapy in medicine. It has been shown that intracavitary gamma therapy is
prescribed in the treatment of the resistant part of the tumor. Explained what remote gamma therapy is and the
Theratron Equinox device used. The principle of operation of the SagiNova gamma-therapy apparatus for contact
irradiation is also shown.
KEYWORDS
Gamma therapy, intracavitary, resistant part, remote, contact irradiation.
INTRODUCTION
Radiation therapy is one of the most widely used
therapies for cancer treatment. Its principle of
operation is that ionizing radiation in various forms (X-
ray, gamma radiation, particles) is used to destroy and
destroy the tumor, alone or in combination with
surgery or chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is either
Research Article
GAMMA THERAPEUTIC DEVICES
Submission Date:
November 01, 2022,
Accepted Date:
November 08, 2022,
Published Date:
November 16, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume02Issue11-06
Elmurotova Dilnoza Baxtiyorovna
D.F.F.-
M.Sc. Phd Tashev Bekjigit Jonanbek O’g’li, Assistant
, Uzbekistan
Rakhimov Ilyos To’ramurodovich
Assistant Tashkent State Technical University, Uzbekistan
Bozorov Erkin Xojievich
D.Ph.-
M.Sc. Prof. Mussayeva Malika Anvarovna Муссаева D.Ph.
-M.Sc. Ds. Institute Of Nuclear Physics Of The
Academy Of Sciences Of Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
32
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
P
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:
31-35
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.654
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
external (remote therapy) or internal (brachytherapy).
Gamma therapy or curie therapy uses gamma radiation
of radioactive isotopes and other radioactive materials,
the effect of gamma radiation on the patient's div is
directly proportional to the amount of radiation
absorbed by him. The distribution of absorbed energy
in the patient's div depends on a number of key
factors, the energy of gamma radiation, beam
geometry, and sometimes on the method of the
procedure. A huge plus of gamma radiation is that it is
possible to deliver high energy to deeply located
neoplasms, while using significantly larger doses than
with x-ray therapy. At the same time, tissues and
organs located away from the area affected by the
tumor suffer much less.
Intracavitary gamma therapy is a radiation therapy
method used primarily for the treatment of small
malignant tumors. This method is suitable for the
treatment of tumors with different localization. It is
used to remove small exophytic tumors. In the
treatment of certain types of cancer (cancer of the
bladder, esophagus, cervix, rectum, nasopharynx), the
method is used exclusively in combination with
external irradiation. Otherwise, it will not be possible
to achieve positive results of treatment. This method
of radiation therapy is prescribed if, in order to increase
the effectiveness of treatment, it is necessary to
increase the focal dose in the most resistant part of the
tumor. At the same time, healthy tissues that surround
the formation are almost not affected due to the rapid
drop in the radiation dose rate when it is distributed in
the tissues.
It is known that gamma radiation generated during the
passage of fast charged particles through matter is
caused by their deceleration in the Coulomb field of
atomic nuclei of matter and is called bremsstrahlung,
which is characterized by continuous spectra. Gamma
radiation has a high penetrating power, i.e., it can
penetrate through large thicknesses of matter without
noticeable weakening. The main processes that occur
when interacting with matter are photoelectric
absorption (photoelectric effect), Compton scattering
(Compton effect) and the formation of electron-
positron pairs. With the photoelectric effect, the g-
quantum is absorbed by one of the electrons of the
atom, and the energy of the g-quantum is converted
(minus the binding energy of the electron in the atom)
into the kinetic energy of the electron flying out of the
atom. The probability of the photoelectric effect is
directly proportional to the 5th power of the atomic
number of the element and inversely proportional to
the 3rd power of the energy. Gamma radiation and
prevails in the region of low energies of gamma rays
(100 keV) on heavy elements (Pb, U).
External beam radiation therapy is radiation therapy
received from an external source of radiation located
at some distance from the human div. This is the
most common type of radiation therapy used in the
treatment of cancer. Typically, treatment is carried out
with a cobalt unit, which provides high energy gamma
radiation, or a linear accelerator, which can produce
high energy X-rays or electrons. When using the most
common regimen, treatment is carried out daily for 4-
8 weeks [5-8].
To uniformly deliver the radiation dose to the target,
which may be several centimeters thick, the radiation
source is placed at some distance from the patient
(usually 80-150 cm). Healthy tissue in the beam path,
including skin, may also be exposed to radiation. To
reduce this exposure, higher energy beams are used
for deeper tumors and radiation is directed at multiple
angles, maximizing the dose at beam intersections.
The dose rate is selected by the doctor individually for
each patient. The radiation dose depends on many
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
33
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
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VOLUME
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OCLC
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
factors: the size of the formation, the type and nature
of the tumor, the growth rate of the neoplasm, the
presence of concomitant diseases, the age of the
patient, and others. If high-power irradiation is
necessary, then it is carried out from 30 minutes to 1
hour. After that, a break is made for one week, and
then the procedure is repeated. At low doses, the
duration of exposure increases, and the intervals
between exposure sessions are reduced. The duration
of the course of treatment depends on the power of
dosages. As a rule, two to six radiation sessions are
prescribed. The presented gamma therapeutic
apparatus for contact irradiation is used for treatment
by high-dose brachytherapy. The method is based on
the introduction of a source with high dose rate into
the tumor. With the help of applicators and catheters,
a very small radiation source is driven from a shielded
safe - located inside the source remote control unit -
directly into or near the tumor [7].
Gamma radiation is used in medicine for the treatment
of tumors, for sterilization of premises, equipment and
drugs.
Remote gamma therapy apparatus Theratron Equinox
Gamma-
ray machines are used around the world to provide radiation therapy treatments that use Сobalt
-60. Today,
these devices perform 45,000 irradiations daily
. Theratron® Equinox™ is a new addition to the Theratron® product
line. Possessing unique parameters, this device allows remote therapy procedures to be carried out at a qualitatively
new level [3, 4].
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
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International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Gamma therapy device for contact irradiation SagiNova
A radiotherapy technique in which a radioactive source
sealed in a sealed capsule is used over short distances
for interstitial, intracavitary, and surface irradiation.
The advantage of this method is to receive high doses
locally in the tumor volume with a rapid dose decline in
the surrounding normal tissues. The SagiNova device is
a representative of a new, truly "smart" medical
equipment. Its convenient control system with a
modern user interface and advanced functionality is
optimal for brachytherapy of oncological diseases of
various localizations [7-8]. The 3D dosimetry planning
system makes it possible to calculate exposure plans
based on the real anatomy of the patient. A huge
selection of applicators allows you to effectively
implement all modern schemes of intracavitary,
interstitial and intraluminal irradiation in the high dose
rate mode on the device. Key advantages of use
include: the ability to choose between an Ir-192 or Co-
60 source; exclusive integrated In-Vivo dosimetry for
real-time dose m
onitoring; QAssist™
- quality assurance
system; unique opportunities to ensure patient safety;
optimized user-friendly GUI and intuitive design for a
streamlined workflow
All of the above features of the SagiNova contact
irradiation gamma therapy device allow urologists,
oncologists and brachytherapy specialists to provide
better and safer treatment of oncological diseases of
different localizations. The new device SagiNova
represents advanced German technology and high-
quality treatment [8].
REFERENCES
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
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International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
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Publisher:
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1.
А. П. Черняев, Е. Н. Лыкова, А. И. Поподько.
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лучевой терапии. Учебное пособие МГУ Москва
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https://mnmedical.ru/napravlenija-
raboty/luchevaja-terapija/
4.
http://www.theratronics.ca/product_equinox.html
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А. П. Черняев и др. Медицинское оборудование в
современной лучевой терапии. Учебное пособие
МГУ Москва 2019
6.
Л. А. Жук, Г. Е. Тур. БГУ г. Минск, С.5212
-216.
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https://www.gukrod.ru/luchevayaterapia/
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https://www.saginova.ru/
