Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
12
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
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2771-2265)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
P
AGES
:
12-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
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(2022:
5.
893
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.654
Publisher:
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Servi
ABSTRACT
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive immunomorphological study during autoimplantation of the
thymus. An experimental study was carried out on rabbits of the Chinchilla breed by modeling thymectomy followed
by auto implantation. Correlation relationships of clinical and immunological parameters in the experiment were
revealed.
KEYWORDS
Congenital heart defects, thymus, cellular immunity, auto implantation, correlation
INTRODUCTION
To date, congenital heart defects (CHD) in children
remain one of the causes of disability and mortality
among children. The most common among children
are ventricular septal defect in 28.3% of cases, atrial
septal defect in 10.3%, pulmonary artery stenosis in
9.8%, tetralogy of Fallot in 9.7%, aortic stenosis in 7.1%,
coarctation aorta in 5.1% and transposition of the great
vessels in 4.9% of cases. There are also hypoplastic
tricuspid valve syndrome, open ductus arteriosus,
complete abnormal venous return [1,9,10].
The issue of adaptive capabilities, tactics of long-term
observation and rehabilitation of children with
congenital heart defects is debatable [10]. CHD in
Research Article
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF
LABORATORY ANIMALS WITH THYMUS AUTOIMPLANTATION IN THE
DYNAMICS OF OBSERVATION
Submission Date:
October 25, 2022,
Accepted Date:
October 30, 2022,
Published Date:
November 08, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/Volume02Issue11-03
Akhmedov A.T.
Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmscr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
13
International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2265)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
P
AGES
:
12-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
694
)
(2022:
5.
893
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.654
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
children is complicated by a decrease in the rate of
physical development, which requires constant
monitoring [7,8]. Currently, the correction of the most
common congenital heart defects in children can be
carried out by two main methods: open surgery and
endovascular procedures [3,9,11,17].
Lymphocytes are responsible for the maintenance of
genetic homeostasis in the div through the
development
of
specific
immunity
and
the
implementation of immune surveillance. The primary
differentiation of null lymphocytes occurs in the main
organs of immunity, where these cells turn into T- and
B-lymphocytes. T-lymphocytes are responsible for
cellular immunity, and B-lymphocytes for humoral
immunity, by producing antibodies [1,2,4,15,16].
Approximately 75% of the total number of lymphocytes
circulating in the blood and lymph are T-lymphocytes,
while
the
proportion
of
B-lymphocytes
is
approximately 15%, and 10% are cells that do not belong
to any of the above groups [2,12,14] .
The degree of resistance of animals to diseases is
determined by the level of natural resistance, which is
directly dependent on age, season, conditions of
feeding and keeping [1,2,13].
One of the main cells of adaptive immunity are T-
lymphocytes. The population of T-lymphocytes have
heterogeneous properties. Most of them are formed in
the thymus. The thymus gland, as the central organ of
immunity,
conducts
antigen-independent
differentiation of T cells. It should be noted that the
thymus gland is extremely sensitive to various
exogenous and endogenous influences, especially in
childhood. The impact of the above factors will lead to
a violation of the structure of the thymus gland and, as
a result, its function, which causes dysfunction of the
immune system as a whole [2,3,6,11].
Purpose of the study: to also evaluate the correlation
between the indicators of immunity and physical
development
in
laboratory
animals
with
autoimplantation in the dynamics of the postoperative
period.
Materials and methods:
Experimental studies were carried out in two stages:
the first stage was the modeling of thymectomy in 1-2
groups in compliance with all the rules of asepsis and
antisepsis. Under general anesthesia, Calypsol solution
was intramuscularly injected at the rate of 6-8 mg/kg.
After anesthesia, the rabbits were fixed on the
operating table without stretching. Previously,
depilation and 3-time treatment with an antiseptic (1%
alcohol solution of iodine) of the surgical field was
performed.
Further, along the anterior midline, a skin incision was
made with dissection of the fascia and periosteum of
the sternum. Access to the fatty tissue of the
mediastinum was created by dividing the sternal part
of the diaphragm and the opposite surface of the
sternum. The sternum was dissected in stages, all over.
In order to stop bleeding from the edges of the
sternum, surgical (sterile) wax was rubbed. After the
end of the sternotomy, the thymus was found. Next, a
thymectomy was performed, the thymus was removed
bluntly. After removal of the thymus, autoimplantation
of 1/3 of the organ was performed on the pericardium
in the projection of the right atrium, adjacent to fatty
tissue for better engraftment and vascularization of
the organ [63; With. fourteen]. The autoimplant was
fixed with 5.0 Vicryl suture. Hemostasis, the edges of
the sternum were closed with titanium sutures.
When working with laboratory animals, all the rules of
biological safety and ethical principles of working with
laboratory animals were observed
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
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VOLUME
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SJIF
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5.
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Publisher:
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Immunological studies, were held at the Institute of
Immunology and Human Genomics of the Academy of
Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Tashkent).T-
lymphocytes were determined by ELISA: young
thymocytes (CD3+-, CD4+-, CD8+-)-participating in
antigen-independent differentiation of T-cells, natural
killers (EK-CD16+-), lymphocytes of early (CD25+-) and
late activation (CD95+-) .
To study the relationship of physical growth and
development with immunity indicators, we conducted
a correlation analysis based on the data obtained
during the pilot study. Communication criteria were
assessed on the Chaddock scale, with:
- 0.1 < r < 0.3: weak connection;
- 0.3 < r < 0.5: moderate association;
- 0.5 < r < 0.7: significant relationship;
- 0.7 < r < 0.9: high association;
- 0.9 < r < 1: very high association.
Results and discussion:
The condition of rabbits with autoimplantation was
monitored, weight, volume of food consumed and
coat density were measured weekly. At the same time,
to study the state of the thymus, an analysis of cellular
immunity was performed.
For comparison with the control group and rabbits of
the 2nd group (with thymectomy), a correlation
analysis of immunity parameters with indicators of
physical growth and development of rabbits of the 1st
group was carried out.
In contrast to the data obtained from the correlation
analysis of the 2nd group, in rabbits of the 1st group, a
moderate negative relationship was revealed between
the weight index and CD3+ lymphocytes - r=-0.39 and a
noticeable positive relationship between motor
activity and CD3+ lymphocytes - r= 0.60.
Noticeable
negative
relationships
were
also
established between CD4+-lymphocytes and weight (r-
0.51), volume of feed consumption (r=-0.42) and coat
density (r=-0.364). And the motor activity of rabbits
has a noticeable positive relationship with CD4+ -
lymphocytes (r=0.49). At the same time, an interesting
fact was obtained confirming the positive dynamics of
the state after autoimplantation: weekly weight gain
has a weak positive relationship with the level of CD3+-
and CD4+-lymphocytes, there is no connection with
suppressors (CD8+-lymphocytes). At the same time,
weak negative relationships were found between
CD8+-lymphocytes
and the volume of feed
consumption -r=-0.27 and wool density r=-0.208. Motor
activity in rabbits of the 1st group has a high positive
relationship with CD8+-lymphocytes -r=0.62.
CD16+-lymphocytes responsible for transplantation
immunity showed a high positive relationship with the
weekly weight gain of rabbits (r=0.96) and wool
density (r=0.92), as well as a high negative relationship
with weight indicators (r=-0.84 ), physical activity (r=-
0.87)
and
feed
consumption
(r=-0.89).
The
relationships obtained make it possible to predict graft
healing based on weekly weight gain and coat density
in rabbits. At the same time, a decrease in motor
activity and food intake confirms the unfavorable
outcome of thymus autoimplantation (Fig. 1.).
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
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VOLUME
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12-18
SJIF
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OCLC
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5.654
Publisher:
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Rice. 1. Correlation relationship between immunity and physical development indicators in rabbits with auto
implantation
CD25+ cells, as markers of early activation, show the
process of healing or graft rejection. The study found a
high positive relationship of CD25+-cells with weight
and feed intake in rabbits with auto implantation
(group 1), r=0.75 and r=0.68, respectively. At the same
time, a peculiarity in the development of the early
stage of the inflammatory process was revealed, which
affects the condition of the coat and weight gain in
rabbits, which confirms the presence of a negative high
correlation between CD25+-lymphocytes and coat
density -r= -0.634, between CD25+-lymphocytes and
weekly weight gain - r= -0.52.
CD95+ cells are important in controlling the
functioning of the immune system and show a process
of apoptosis-cell death. A decrease in their
concentration in the blood makes it possible to predict
the recurrence or chronicity of the inflammatory
process. And an increase in the level of CD95+-cells
confirms the development of sepsis and viral diseases.
In the course of the correlation analysis, a high positive
relationship of CD95+ cells with weekly weight gain
was established - r=0.74. At the same time, a noticeable
negative relationship was found between CD95+-cells
and feed intake - r=-0.59 and the density of rabbit hair -
r=-0.65. The data obtained prove the possibility of
predicting the outcome of auto implantation according
to the condition of the coat and food intake in rabbits
of the 1st group.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
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Publisher:
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Servi
Therefore, it was possible to predict the development
of sepsis during auto implantation based on
monitoring the condition of the coat and feed intake.
Motor activity at the same time shows no difference in
the development of the septic process between the
two indicators.
In this way, correlation analysis makes it possible to
predict the outcome of auto implantation and the
probability of rejection of the transplanted piece of
thymus in rabbits. The established relationships
between the parameters of cellular immunity and the
indicators of physical growth and development of
rabbits make it possible to predict the healing of the
graft based on weekly weight gain and coat density. At
the same time, a decrease in motor activity and food
intake confirms the unfavorable outcome of thymus
auto implantation.
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