Vol. 5 No. 04 (2025): Volume 05 Issue 04

This article explores the causes and pathogenesis of decubital ulcers in the oral cavity, examining their clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies. It places particular emphasis on distinguishing these ulcers from other types of ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa. Modern treatment and prevention techniques are discussed, alongside potential complications arising from delayed intervention. The importance of early detection and the removal of the traumatic cause is underscored to prevent the development of chronic conditions or oncological issues.

Blackthorn is an annual plant with purple or white flowers. It is common in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Balkan Peninsula. Black cumin seed oil is used in the beauty industry, pharmacology, and cooking. As a dietary supplement, this product is used as additional help for the body: cumin contains useful substances, vitamins, and minerals that have a beneficial effect on well-being. One of the main components of black cumin oil is thymoquinone. This is a powerful antioxidant that has an anti-inflammatory effect, increases overall tone, and improves performance. It is also a source of fatty acids, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium.

Data on rejuvenation and a rise in individuals with ulcerative colitis, one of the most prevalent gastroenterological conditions worldwide, are examined in this study. The research of the causes of this illness and the impact of the medications now used to treat it on the human body receive the majority of focus. The chemical makeup of medicinal plants used to treat it, the biological activity of the food additive " Plantago and Hypericum linariifolium " the suggested methods of use and mechanisms of action for the disease's prevention and treatment, and the pertinent conclusions were all examined.

Prenatal diagnostic methods are becoming very popular these days. This method is based on the early detection of pregnancy- related problems, including potential genetic diseases. Prenatal diagnosis identifies all problems before birth, anatomical and physiological problems related to the health of the zygote, embryo or fetus. Prenatal diagnosis refers to the testing and evaluation of a fetus before birth to detect genetic, chromosomal, structural, or metabolic disorders. It helps in early identification of potential health issues, allowing for informed decision-making and possible interventions.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD), a leading cause of death globally, is strongly associated with environmental factors, particularly air pollution. This article examines the link between air pollution and the development of IHD, focusing on the mechanisms and epidemiological evidence supporting this relationship. Studies have shown that long-term exposure to air pollutants, such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO), is associated with an increased risk of IHD through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and autonomic dysfunction. Clinical evidence further supports these findings, with increased incidences of myocardial infarction and angina during periods of high pollution. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for effective public health policies aimed at reducing air pollution and mitigating its cardiovascular effects, particularly in vulnerable populations.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult disability worldwide. While advancements in acute stroke management have significantly reduced mortality, a large proportion of stroke survivors experience long-term neurological deficits. Neurorehabilitation plays a crucial role in optimizing functional recovery and improving the quality of life for these individuals. This article explores the principles, methodologies, and evidence-based outcomes of neurorehabilitation in post-stroke care, emphasizing its interdisciplinary nature and the importance of early and intensive intervention.

Background: Uremic tumoral calcinosis (UTC) is a rare complication associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is commonly observed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis, particularly hemodialysis. UTC is characterized by the deposition of calcium phosphate in soft tissues, most notably around joints, and is typically seen in patients with hyperphosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism, and elevated calcium-phosphate product. However, atypical manifestations of UTC, particularly in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), are seldom reported.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 62-year-old male with a history of ESRD on peritoneal dialysis who developed an unusual presentation of uremic tumoral calcinosis. The patient presented with an enlarging mass in the left shoulder, which was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue infection. Radiological and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of UTC. The patient was managed with phosphate binders, adjustments to his dialysis regimen, and surgical debridement.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering uremic tumoral calcinosis in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses in ESRD patients, even those on peritoneal dialysis. Early diagnosis and management are essential in preventing severe complications. We review the current literature on UTC in dialysis patients, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and individualized treatment plans.