International Journal of Pedagogics
164
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue06 2025
PAGE NO.
164-168
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue06-46
Is There A Mechanism For Developing Active Citizenship
Position In Higher Secondary Students Based On The Principle
Of "Individual - Family - Neighborhood - Educational
Institution - State - Society"
Abdulla Y Ev Dilshodbek Yuldashali Oglu
Teacher Of Namangan State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Received:
14 April 2025;
Accepted:
15 May 2025;
Published:
18 June 2025
Abstract:
The article discusses the analysis of the content and essence of educating young people in the spirit of
citizenship through the mechanism of developing an active civic position among high school students based on
the principle of "Individual - Family - Neighborhood - Educational Institution - State - Society".
Keywords:
Principle; mechanism; active citizen; citizen; citizenship; civic education; civic position; spiritual
education; personal activity.
Introduction
It is necessary to carry out certain work to prepare
young students as future citizens to actively participate
in the processes of renewal of the state and society.
After gaining independence, scientific and theoretical
attention began to be paid to the issues of spiritual and
moral formation of young people, who are the creators
of the future, in the continuing education system in our
country, and increasing their activity in the socio-
political and economic spheres.
President Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, in his speech at the solemn
ceremony dedicated to the 33rd anniversary of the
Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan, said that
it was thanks to independence that our national
statehood was restored, and in recent years we have
made great strides towards building a New Uzbekistan.
The noble idea “For the dignity of man, for the
happiness of the people and the homeland!” is deeply
embedded in the spirit and content of all our reforms,
He emphasized that our people's sense of involvement
in solving life's problems and their active civic position
are growing .
LITERATURE ANALYSIS
The pedagogical and psychological characteristics of
developing an active civic position in students in our
country have been studied by such scientists as Kh.
Ibragimov, M. Qaxharova, A. Mavrulov, Kh. Tojiboyeva,
B. Khodjayev , G. Tulenova, Sh. Sharipov, Sh.
Shodmonova, G'. Shoumarov, N. Egamberdiyeva, O.
Musurmonova, A. Akramov, B. Abdullayeva, A.
Asqarov, Sh. Baratov, N. Djamilova , A. Begmatov, O.
Jamoliddinova.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The scientific significance of the research results is
explained by the fact that the theoretical foundations
for developing an active civic position in high school
students
through
spiritual,
educational
and
educational work in general education schools have
been developed, approaches to expanding the
opportunities for an individual to take an active civic
position, assessment methods, criteria, and creating
pedagogical conditions for demonstrating individual
activity have been identified.
ANALYSES AND RESULTS
Systematic work is being carried out in Uzbekistan to
develop a system of continuing education, increase the
authority and prestige of teachers in society, and
elevate the younger generation spiritually, morally, and
intellectually.
It is also necessary to teach high school students in
general education schools to respond critically and
independently to political processes taking place
International Journal of Pedagogics
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
internationally. This will not only develop students'
independent thinking skills, but also help them actively
participate in democratic processes.
In order to strengthen spiritual immunity in the minds
of the younger generation growing up in secondary
schools in our country , in-depth study of the rich
scientific and spiritual heritage of our great ancestors,
promotion of military patriotism and the courage of our
great ancestors, transformation of their honorable
activities into a constantly moving life program, and
strengthening
cooperation
between
school,
neighborhood, and family in the process of educating
students on the basis of modern knowledge and
experience, national and universal values are
recognized as the main directions of spiritual,
educational and educational work.
Because in today's turbulent times, destructive and
harmful ideas, crime, drug addiction, apathy and other
threats that negatively affect the education and
consciousness of students are becoming increasingly
strong. As a result, there is a need to further improve
work in this field based on modern and effective
approaches and effective methods.
Mechanisms for developing an active civic position in
high school students are a set of pedagogical,
organizational, and social impact methods aimed at
forming their civic consciousness, responsibility, and
active participation in society.
The research work prioritized the following
mechanisms for developing an active civic stance in
high school students.
Figure 1.1.2. Mechanism for developing an active civic position in high school students
In modern conditions, it is required that the
educational process be directed to the development of
the individual, socialization, and the cultivation of
independent, critical, and creative thinking skills in
accordance with all the possibilities. Education that can
demonstrate these possibilities is called person-
centered education . A distinctive feature of person-
centered education is the recognition of the
individuality of the learner, the creation of a favorable,
necessary environment for his comprehensive
development, and the consideration of the interests,
abilities, and perspectives of each student.
In the upper grades, it is important to direct students'
project and research activities towards researching and
preparing proposals for solving issues related to the
state and society.
Volunteering is an important practical mechanism for
developing active citizenship in high school students.
This type of activity develops a sense of community
service, social responsibility, and initiative in students.
Below are examples of volunteer activities for high
school students:
The main goal of the legal-educational volunteering
direction is to increase the legal awareness of students,
which includes activities such as distributing legal
booklets among citizens on Constitution Day,
establishing the "Young Lawyers" club dedicated to
legal literacy, and informing young people about the
electoral process under the slogan "Your voice
matters."
The main goal of volunteer activities in the field of
social assistance is to help the poor, the elderly and the
needy. In this direction, students are expected to
participate in the "Kindness Campaign" (delivering
food, books or gifts to elderly and lonely citizens), visit
"Sahovat" houses, donate books and toys to students
of special boarding schools, disseminate information
during donation campaigns, and provide assistance in
medical institutions.
Volunteering as promoters of education and culture
Person-centered
education
Educational
methods and
technologies
Socio-practical
mechanism
Democratic school
environment and
modeling
Family and
community
collaboration
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
through activities such as organizing free foreign
language and computer literacy clubs for young
children, promoting cultural heritage, volunteering in
museums, information resource centers, and theaters,
and the "Give a Book" campaign - collecting books and
delivering them to other schools or institutions - can
yield effective results.
In general education schools, students are encouraged
to take the initiative in organizing events such as tree
planting campaigns ("Green Space"), landscaping and
cleaning, and waste collection ("Waste-Free School",
"Waste Paper Week", "Living Without Plastic") in order
to preserve nature as active citizens through ecological
volunteering, and to form an ecological culture among
the population. This helps them to form values such as
patriotism, humanity, justice, responsibility, and
solidarity.
Information and media volunteering aims to promote
positive ideas on social networks. In it, students engage
in activities such as blogging on the topic "Active Citizen
- Active Youth", preparing social banners and videos for
mass actions, flash mobs, highlighting local problems
and offering their own solutions to solve them.
Students' knowledge, skills, and competencies will also
be strengthened by creating conditions for civic
engagement on digital platforms (online briefings,
petitions, and feedback pages).
The mechanism for developing an active civic position
in high school students requires consistent, continuous,
and mutual integration based on the principle of
"individual
–
family
–
neighborhood
–
educational
institution
–
state
–
society."
The principle of "individual-family-neighborhood-
educational institution-state-society" is an integrated
system of educating a person and preparing him/her
for society as an active citizen through interrelated and
cooperative social institutions. This system establishes
cooperation between schools, families, civil society
institutions,
non-governmental
non-profit
organizations, youth organizations, and community
representatives
in
spiritual,
educational
and
educational work.
of "individual - family - neighborhood - educational
institution - organization - society" is to create effective
pedagogical conditions based on the rich national-
cultural, historical traditions, customs and universal
human values of our people, to improve the general
pedagogical culture of society, and to improve spiritual,
educational and ideological work in our country .
Author H. Norqulov emphasizes that a person's
initial ideology, faith, morality, national values and
conscience, pride, intelligence, and thinking, formed in
the family, are further enhanced in the mahalla
environment, harmonized with the will of the people,
mutual harmony and cooperation, and lead to the
formation of healthy relationships in society and the
strengthening of the national idea. He recognizes that
the mahalla is thus an important connecting tool in
personal relationships, expressing the ancient customs,
traditions and customs of our people, and acting as a
great ideological and educational center for the family
.
The conflicts, disagreements, and divorces of parents in
some families are disrupting the upbringing of children.
It is a sad fact that due to such an unhealthy
environment, the indifference of parents to their
duties, and their low ideological and educational
knowledge, students and young people are committing
offenses, committing criminal acts, and having
unpleasant incidents, drug addiction, alcoholism,
prostitution, and similar illegal activities are increasing.
The family is the first source of civic values, and as the
first socialization environment of the child, the values
of love, work, and responsibility are formed in the
family. Only if family education is closely connected
with social education, the expected results can be
achieved. Each parent must deeply understand their
duties and responsibilities in family education. A
normal family environment, timely involvement of the
child in reading and working are the key to the success
of education .
In educating students in the spirit of citizenship, the
role of parents in society, their authority in the
community, and their ongoing cooperation with the
school in raising their children are important.
in secondary schools , increasing the attention of the
general public and parents to child rearing, it is possible
to instill a sense of civic duty and responsibility in
students and increase their activity in all aspects.
The following measures taken to strengthen school,
neighborhood, and family cooperation also aim to fulfill
the tasks of developing active citizenship in high school
students:
Take measures to increase the effectiveness of
activities organized by youth leaders in neighborhoods
to provide students with meaningful leisure time;
organizing special trainings on improving the
environment in problematic families and applying
effective measures of psychological support for
children from troubled families;
To educate students in a spirit of respect for national
values and traditions by widely involving them in folk
festivals, national holidays, games, and sports
competitions organized in neighborhoods;
to systematically disseminate aphorisms on the topic of
parental responsibility in raising children through
mobile communication operators in the "Wisdom of
the Day" column;
To hold the "Most Exemplary Parent" competition in
order to increase the responsibility of parents in raising
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
their children;
Carrying out systematic work to eliminate negative
changes in the behavior and mental world of students
related to age psychology, in collaboration with the
family and school community;
Radically improve the cooperation between parents,
neighborhoods, schools, and law enforcement
agencies in increasing the effectiveness of educational
work in schools.
Organizing dialogues with the participation of
representatives of different generations and students
in schools and neighborhoods as part of the "Three
Generations Meeting" project;
To form immunity in students to protect them from
various ideological dangers based on the principle of "A
spiritually mature generation is the builder of a stable
society";
Conducting cultural and educational events with the
participation of representatives of national cultural
centers in our republic about the role and importance
of respect for national and universal values in our lives
.
Society is a set of organizational forms of joint activity
of people at various levels. Within the framework of
this activity, the needs common to each of the various
communities and its members, to each of the units to
which they belong, are satisfied. More precisely,
society is a self-sufficiency, which establishes and
implements all the necessary processes for the living
conditions of its members .
This content includes the following main areas:
1.
the personal level - to form civic consciousness
and self-awareness in students. This involves students
understanding their role and responsibilities in society,
gaining knowledge about laws, civil rights and duties,
and developing in them such characteristics as
independent thinking, critical thinking, and initiative.
2.
At the family level - upbringing based on
national and universal values, that is, parents instilling
civic values in their children from childhood (love,
loyalty, responsibility), They should set examples of
social relationships in society in the family
environment, teach children trust and responsibility in
the family, and encourage personal activity through
hard work and useful work.
3.
At the neighborhood level - involving students
in community life.
This includes ensuring the student's participation in
community events, charity, and environmental
campaigns, developing civic engagement through
youth leaders, Working on the basis of solidarity,
cooperation, and unity, hearing the voices of young
people in neighborhood councils, and encouraging
active students will have a positive effect.
4.
At the level of the educational institution - to
form active citizenship in students through knowledge
and skills. In order to educate students to be attentive
and proactive to socio-political problems by integrating
civic education into the educational process in schools,
interactive education (debate, simulation, discussion,
research work) as well as the activities of circles and
courses such as "Youth Parliament", "Fundamentals of
Civil Society" can be used.
5.
At the state level - support for students
through legislation and political conditions. State
support for youth policy, involving them in decision-
making processes, encouraging active students
through material and moral assistance, grants,
scholarships, as well as the activities of the "Youth
Affairs Agency", working with young people in the
"Youth Notebook", and creating broad opportunities
for projects aimed at youth initiatives by the state will
be the basis for developing an active civic position in
students.
6.
At the community level - ensuring the active
participation of students in the broader social
environment, that is, strengthening social influence
and providing information through the media, social
networks,
non-governmental
organizations,
encouraging participation in activities that serve the
general public, and promoting new civic positions such
as various social roles: active youth, volunteers,
initiators, bloggers.
The active citizenship position formed on the
basis of this principle is a holistic and systematic
educational and educational process aimed at ensuring
the conscious, responsible and proactive participation
of students in society, in which each link (individual,
family, neighborhood, school, state, society) has an
important and interdependent influence on this
process.
The role and importance of the links that make up this
partnership in developing active citizenship in students
have been scientifically and theoretically analyzed by
many researchers in their scientific research.
The author Kh. Shaikhova emphasizes that all
opportunities and freedoms are established by law for
the intellectual maturity, mental and moral potential of
a well-rounded generation, for them to find their place
in life and society. According to the constitution, every
young person has both the opportunity and the
freedom to obtain education and choose a profession
in the specialty of their choice. While opportunity
determines a person's rights, freedom determines a
sense of responsibility and duty .
Therefore , the freedom, independence, and liberty
granted to each member of society are closely related
to the duties and responsibilities they face before
society, the state, and life. Freedom is not a way of
acting and expressing one's own desires, but a certain
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
social order and social space for activity in society.
From a philosophical point of view, M. Qahhorova, in
her research, analyzing the role of the spiritual ideal in
the formation of a sense of citizenship in students,
emphasizes that in order to form a sense of citizenship
in a person through the spiritual ideal, it is necessary to
pay attention to three issues:
1)
understand their society ;
2)
interest the individual in social life;
3)
Paying attention to the growth of national
feelings in the individual .
After the Republic of Uzbekistan gained its
independence, the following tasks arose in the process
of educating and bringing up the younger generation:
a) preparing young people for social life, instilling in
them a broad worldview, a purposeful approach to
their personal lives, and a sense of unity of plan and
action;
b) to educate students about national and universal
values, and to continuously enrich their skills in
educating young people with deep knowledge and
thinking;
c) approach legal and ethical norms in a spirit of
respect, instilling in students a sense of citizenship and
responsibility for social duty;
g) to form a sense of patriotism and internationalism,
to instill a sense of respect for the views of other
nations and peoples, and non-discrimination in the
rights and duties of others;
d) to teach to correctly assess the internal and foreign
policy of an independent state - the Republic of
Uzbekistan;
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, it can be noted that Citizenship is a state
that expresses a person's belonging to a particular
society, which has been evaluated in different periods
and from the point of view of the views that have taken
a leading place in social life. In a legal society, which is
the highest form of social order, citizenship is
considered a legal guarantee of ensuring the dignity of
the individual, protecting his honor, dignity and rights.
The Uzbek people are a nation with a long history of
national development. In the past, our ancestors, great
thinkers, and enlightened people believed that the fate
and future of the nation lay in freedom and liberty, and
that self-sacrifice and unity were necessary for the
future of the homeland and the people, and for a happy
life.
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