Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
16
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
16-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Data on environmental problems caused by population changes, including water scarcity and its consequences, are
presented. Also covered are the negative consequences of the problems associated with the emergence of the Aydar
–
Arnasoy lake system and the transformation of the lake system on the environment, flora and fauna. The decrease
in water balance in the Aydar Arnasoy lake system has been analyzed in comparison with the consequences caused
by the drying of the Aral Sea.
KEYWORDS
Population, drinking water, Aydar
–
Arnasoy lake system, medicinal and fodder plants, monitoring, comparative
analysis, desertification, salinity, biodiversity, Islet, biocenosis.
INTRODUCTION
As a result of a sharp increase in the world's
population, the demand for various essential goods is
growing by the 21st century. This, in turn, leads to a
sharp change in the environmental situation. As a
result, this leads to significant changes in
environmental factors that constantly affect living
organisms. The vital activity of all living organisms is
closely related to water. As for drinking water, 3/1 of
the population of the earth's surface is provided with
drinking water, while in our Republic the level of
satisfaction of drinking water needs is 71.2%.
From the point of view of water supply, Uzbekistan is
included in the list of countries with water scarcity. This
will require greater enterprise and cost-effective use of
water resources in Uzbekistan.
Research Article
THE IMPACT OF LAKE AYDAR-ARNASAY ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Submission Date:
May 03, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 08, 2023,
Published Date:
May 13, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume03Issue05-04
Imomova Dilfuza Anorovna
Biology Candidate of Sciences, Jizzah State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan
Mavlonov Khudargan
Doctor of biological sciences, professor of Jizzah State Pedagogical University, head of the department of
physiological hygiene, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
17
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
16-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
With a sharp increase in the world's population in the
21st century, the need for water for them, as for all
sources in need, has increased even more. The main
reasons for this were technical capabilities, a
significant increase in the number of industrial
enterprises allowed the use of reserve water sources
for reasons such as the relief of places and numerous
land allotments, and the amount of water extracted
from rivers reached its peak. This led to increased
assimilation of previously "empty" land plots in an
intense picture. At the same time, as a result of the
increase in the area of irrigated land and the use of
various pesticides, mineral fertilizers and plant
protection products in the cultivation of agricultural
crops, the accumulation of their residual amounts in
wastewater and groundwater exceeds the permissible
norm.
In all republics of Central Asia, the problem of water
shortage is complicated by the increase in the
population, climate change, and the lack of a
systematic approach to water conservation.
If we analyze the statistics, the shortage of clean
drinking water in the regions of Central Asia leads to a
drop in GDP by 11%. In the region, 80-90% of water
resources are used in the agricultural sector. The total
area of irrigated land by region is 7.695 million, and in
Uzbekistan - 4.2 million. According to the European
Environment Agency (2021), it is indicated that
pollution of reservoirs in the Highlands is due to
agricultural, industrial waste, insufficient filtration of
used water in residential areas and its use for recycling.
One of the areas approaching the global
environmental problem of the water problem today is
the Aidar-Arnasoy lake system.
In the last 40-45 years, lakes (172) have appeared in
many plains as a result of the Amudarya and Syrdarya
waters being taken to irrigation facilities and
regulated. The largest of them are: Aydarkol,
Sarikamish, Ayazkala, Todakol and others. Their total
area is 63.60 km3, the total area of Aydarkol is 11.6 km3
(1).
Aydarkol is one of the type of anthropogenic lakes that
appeared as a result of dumping excess water (21
billion cubic meters) from the Chordara reservoir in
1968-1969 into Arnasoy, Tuzkon Aydar shurkhok.
At the moment, one of the regions in our republic,
where the natural ecological situation is in a critical
situation, is the Aydar-Arnasoy lake ecosystem and its
surroundings. One of the main reasons is climate
change, i.e., excessive evaporation of water as a result
of a decrease in precipitation, temperature rise, and
the second is related to the excessive level of influence
of anthropogenic factors.
The length of the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system water
basin is more than 300 km, and the width has
expanded to 40 km [2]. As a result of the relative
decrease of the water level in recent years, the
compositional structure of water and soil is changing.
The waters flowing through the collector ditches form
the basis of the water balance section of the Aidar-
Arnasoy lake system. In 1993-2019, the average degree
of mineralization of all collector-sulfur waters was
estimated at 4.3 g/dm3, and the annual change in the
mineralization value is 2.6-6.5 g/dm3. In this case, the
total amount of salts entering through collector
installations during the year is 10.2 million tons.
In the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system, the water inflow is
2.5 km3, and the outflow is 4.4 km3, and a sharp
decrease in water is observed. Mineralization has
increased from 5.07 g/l to 8.59 g/l in the last 10 years
due to water depletion. Another 1.9 km3 of water will
be needed to maintain the lake level at the previous
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
18
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
16-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
245 meters. If the balance of water output and input is
not ensured, the lake level will drop by an average of
30 cm per year. [4,5]. Among the sources of water
flowing into the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system, the level
of salinity is increasing due to the decrease in the
amount of water in the Chordara reservoir. Due to this,
in recent years, the side of the Republic of Kazakhstan
has improved the possibility of releasing water from
the Chordara reservoir to the Syrdarya. In order to
collect excess water released from the Chordara
reservoir, the Koksaroy reservoir was built near the city
of Kyzylorda in the valley of the Syrdarya. As a result,
the amount of water flowing from the Chordara
reservoir into the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system has
sharply decreased.
Groundwater
level, m
Soil types
Plant species
Natural
geographic
processes
0,5
Brackish
swampy
Chenopodium album L. Poppy
Agriophyllum lateriflorum (Lam.)
Moq
Groundwater
subsidence, swamping,
salinization, and
sometimes sand-filled
dry valleys develop
0,5-2,0
Meadow
sorghum
Ajriq A.minus Fisch. et May, izen
K.prostrata
(L.)
Schrad.,
Chughon
Halothamnus glaucus (M.Bieb.)
Botsch.,
Aeluropus
litoralis
(Gouan)
Parl.
In place of the lake,
there are transit zones
composed of salt
marshes covered with sand.
2,0-3,0
Typical
sorghums
Halimodendron
halodendron
(Pall.)
Voss., licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra
L.
Yellow-headed
Senecio
subdentatus
Ldb.
Brackish, turbid, and salt
marshes develop in
areas where seepage
4,0-5,0
Residual
saltwater
Halocnemum
strobilaceum
(Pall.)
M.Bieb., Haloxylon aphyllum
(Minkw.) Iljin.
Salt flats spread out on
the undulating plains,
and in some places
sandy areas are formed.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
19
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
16-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Reducing the amount of water has very negative
consequences in this area:
A sharp decrease in the number of medicinal and
fodder plants in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system;
-
Reduction of raw material products for growers of
medicinal and fodder plant products (farmers and
farms, agroclusters) distributed in the Aydar-
Arnasoy lakes system;
-
Loss of biological diversity of medicinal and fodder
plant species distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake
system;
-
Changes in the chemical composition of medicinal
and fodder plants distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy
lake system;
-
negative impact on food safety;
-
depending on the environmental changes in the
region, various infectious diseases, diseases
related to metabolic disorders, oncological
diseases, and diabetes are the reason for the
increase of diseases.
To prevent unpleasant situations:
-
-planting and breeding (cultivation, introduction)
of plant species resistant to drought, diseases, cold
and heat;
-
-regularly control the input-output balance and
chemical composition of water;
-
regularly study the dynamics of flora and fauna
species in the area
-
-to provide understanding and information on this
issue within the framework of environmental
protection science in schools, technical schools
and universities;
-
conducting propaganda and agitation among the
population;
-
organizing activities such as protecting your home,
your territory and your country, i.e. instilling the
sense of patriotism into the minds of young
people.
The main reason for our presentation of these ideas is
a comparative analysis of the problems associated with
the drying up of the Aral Sea.
As a result of the drying up of the Aral Sea, a lifeless
coating consisting of small salt and soil particles was
formed in Orolqum, which appeared in its place.
Depending on the seasons, when the wind blows, dust
consisting of salt and soil particles rises into the air and
spreads over long distances. According to some
statistics, 250 kg of salt dust falls on each hectare of
irrigated land in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, and up
to 500 kg in some areas. From 15 million to 75 million
tons of dust can rise from the dry bottom of the Aral
Sea during a year. The width of salt dust storms is 40
km. to; 400 km long. spreads to Salty dust is blown by
the wind tens or even hundreds of km from Orolkum.
spread over a distance and rained down on natural
meadows, crops in oases, gardens, cities and villages
and had a negative impact on the ecological
6-8
Desert sandy soils Fisheye Climacoptera brachiata
(Pall.)
Botsch.,
Black
saxophone
Haloxylon
aphyllum (Minkw.) Iljin., , Juzgun
C.
leucocladum (Schrenk) Bunge
Under the influence of
wind, the processes of
deflation,
transportation,
accumulation and
succession occur in the
sands
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
20
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
16-20
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
environment. Dust from the island even reached the
glaciers on the peaks of the Tianshan and Pamir
mountains, accelerating the melting of the glaciers
there.
As a result of the drying up of the Aral Sea, as a result
of the acceleration of desertification and salinization,
in recent years, about 50,000 hectares of arable land
has become unsuitable for agricultural use.
Unfavorable environmental conditions lead to a sharp
decrease in agricultural crops and livestock products.
The main purpose of providing this information is that
if the necessary measures are not taken, the reduction
of the water balance in the Aydar Arnasoy lake system
and the consequences caused by the formation of the
Aral Sea will certainly occur in these areas.
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1.
Ghodalov. Effect of Aydar-Arnasoy lake system
on landscapes // G.f.f.d. (PhD) thesis submitted
for the degree. 2009. p. 17-24.
2.
G. Kadirov. Transformation of grassland
vegetation cover of the Aydar-Arnasoy lake
system. // Dissertation submitted for obtaining
the degree of Candidate of Biological Sciences.
2008. -B. 24-27.
3.
R. Kenjaev. Tragedy of the Aral Sea. 2019.
4.
Imomova D.A., Imomova Sh.A. Aydar-Arnasoy
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Oriental Journal Of Geography Sjif 2023: 6.60
5.
Imomova D.A., Sherimbetov S.G., Danilova E.A.
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samples around the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system. //
Bulletin of Agrarian Science of Uzbekistan 1(85)
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Imomova D.A., Imomova Sh.A. Life forms of
plants distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake
system. // Bulletin of Agrarian Science of
Uzbekistan 2 (86) 2021
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Opredelitel rastenii Sredney Azii. - Tashkent:
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