Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
42
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
42-46
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Data on environmental problems resulting from population changes, including water shortages and its consequences,
are cited. Also covered are the negative consequences of the problems associated with the emergence of the Aydar
–
Arnasoy lake system and the transformation of the lake system on the environment, flora and fauna. The decrease
in water balance in the Aydar Arnasoy lake system has been analyzed in comparison with the consequences caused
by the drying of the Aral Sea.
KEYWORDS
Population, drinking water, Aydar
–
Arnasoy lake system, medicinal and fodder plants, monitoring, comparative
analysis, desertification, salinity, biodiversity, Islet, biocenosis.
INTRODUCTION
By the 21st century, as a result of the sharp increase in
the population of the globe, the demand for various
necessities is increasing. This, in turn, causes a change
in the ecological environment. As a result, it leads to
changes in environmental factors that constantly
affect living organisms. The life activity of all living
organisms is closely related to water. When it comes to
drinking water, 3/1 of the population of the earth's
surface is provided with drinking water, while the level
of provision of clean drinking water in our Republic is
71.2%.
Research Article
AIDAR-ARNASOY COOKING AROUND MUKHITGA EFFECT
Submission Date:
April 10, 2023,
Accepted Date:
April 15, 2023,
Published Date:
April 20, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume03Issue04-07
Imomova Dilfuza Anorovna
Biology Candidate Of Sciences, Associate Professor Gizza State Pedagogical University
Mavlonov Khudargan
Biology Fanlari Doctor, Professor Zhizak State University Of Pedagogy, Physiology Hygienic Head Of The
Department, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
43
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
42-46
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Regarding water supply, Uzbekistan is included in the
list of countries with water shortages. This requires
more entrepreneurship and economy in the rational
use of water in Uzbekistan.
With the sharp increase in the number of people on
earth in the 21st century, their need for water, like all
sources of need, has also increased. The main reasons
for this are the technical capabilities, the significant
increase in industrial enterprises, the topography of
the area and the many land acquisitions that have
made it possible to use the spare water sources, and
the amount of water taken from the rivers has reached
the highest level. This led to the rapid development of
previously "vacant" land areas. At the same time, as a
result of the growth of irrigated land areas and the use
of various pesticides, mineral fertilizers and plant
protection agents in the cultivation of agricultural
crops, their residual amounts in wastewater and soil
are accumulating in excess of the permissible limit.
In all republics of Central Asia, the problem of water
shortage is complicated by the increase in the
population, climate change, and the lack of a
systematic approach to water conservation.
Analyzing statistical data, the lack of clean drinking
water in the regions of Central Asia causes GDP to
decrease by 11%. 80-90% of water resources in the
region are used in agriculture. The total area of
irrigated land in the region is 7.695 million ha, and in
Uzbekistan it is 4.2 million ha. Based on the information
of the European Environment Agency (2021), it is
emphasized that the pollution of water bodies in the
regions is caused by agricultural and industrial wastes,
insufficient filtering of water used in residences and
not used for processing. The Aydar-Arnasoy lake
system is one of the regions approaching the global
environmental problem in terms of water problems.
In the last 40-45 years, lakes (172) have appeared in
many plains as a result of the Amudarya and Syrdarya
waters being taken to irrigation facilities and
regulated. The largest of them are: Aydarkol,
Sarikamish, Ayazkala, Todakol and others. Their total
area is 63.60 km3, the total area of Aydarkol is 11.6 km3
(1).
Aydarkol is one of the type of anthropogenic lakes that
appeared as a result of dumping excess water (21
billion cubic meters) from the Chordara reservoir in
1968-1969 into Arnasoy, Tuzkon Aydar shorhok.
At the moment, one of the regions in our republic,
where the natural ecological situation is in a critical
situation, is the Aydar-Arnasoy lake ecosystem and its
surroundings. One of the main reasons is climate
change, i.e., excessive evaporation of water as a result
of a decrease in precipitation, temperature rise, and
the second is related to the excessive level of influence
of anthropogenic factors.
The length of the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system water
basin is more than 300 km, and the width has
expanded to 40 km [2]. As a result of the relative
decrease of the water level in recent years, the
compositional structure of water and soil is changing
The water coming through the collector-sources forms
the basis of the water balance part of the Aydar-
Arnasoy lake system. In 1993-2019, the average level of
mineralization of all catchment waters was estimated
as 4.3 g/dm3, and the annual variation of the amount
of mineralization is 2.6-6.5 g/dm3. In this case, the total
amount of salt coming through the collector-zovors
during the year is 10.2 million tons.
In the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system, the water inflow is
2.5 km3, and the outflow is 4.4 km3, and a sharp
decrease in water is observed. Mineralization has
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
44
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
42-46
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
increased from 5.07 g/l to 8.59 g/l in the last 10 years
due to water depletion. Another 1.9 km3 of water will
be needed to maintain the lake level at the previous
245 meters. If the balance of water output and input is
not ensured, the lake level will drop by an average of
30 cm per year. [4,5]. Among the sources of water
flowing into the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system, the level
of salinity is increasing due to the decrease in the
amount of water in the Chordara reservoir. Due to this,
in recent years, the side of the Republic of Kazakhstan
has improved the possibility of releasing water from
the Chordara reservoir to the Syrdarya. In order to
collect excess water released from the Chordara
reservoir, the Koksaroy reservoir was built near the city
of Kyzylorda in the valley of the Syrdarya. As a result,
the amount of water flowing from the Chordara
reservoir into the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system has
sharply decreased.
Changes in bicenoses in the area depending on the decrease of lake water (Table 1)
Groundwater
level, m
Soil types
Plant species
Natural
geographic
processes
0,5
brackish,
brackish,
swampy
Chenopodium
album
L.
Poppy
Agriophyllum lateriflorum (Lam.) Moq.
Groundwater
subsidence, swamping,
salinization,
and
sometimes
sand-filled
dry valleys develop
0,5-2,0
Meadow
sorghum
Ajriq A.minus Fisch. et May, izen
K.prostrata (L.) Schrad., Chughon
Halothamnus
glaucus
(M.Bieb.)
Botsch., Aeluropus litoralis (Gouan)
Parl.
In place of the lake,
there are transit zones
composed
of
salt
marshes and marshes,
covered with sand.
2,0-3,0
typical
sorghums
Halimodendron
halodendron(Pall.)
Voss., licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra L,.
Yellow-headed Senecio subdentatus
Ldb.
Brackish, turbid, and salt
marshes
develop
in
areas where seepage
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
45
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
42-46
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
water
reaches
the
surface of the earth.
4,0-5,0
residual
saltwater
Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.)
M.Bieb.,
Haloxylon
aphyllum
(Minkw.) Iljin.
Salt flats spread out on
the undulating plains,
and in some places
sandy areas are formed.
6-8
desert
sandy
soils
Fisheye Climacoptera brachiata (Pall.)
Botsch., Black saxophone Haloxylon
aphyllum (Minkw.) Iljin., , Juzgun C.
leucocladum (Schrenk) Bunge
Under the influence of
wind, the processes of
deflation,
transportation,
accumulation
and
succession occur in the
sands
[6,7].
A decrease in the amount of water will have very large
negative consequences in the area:
-A sharp decrease in the number of medicinal and
fodder plants in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system;
- Reduction of raw material products for growers of
medicinal and fodder plant products (farmers and
farms, agroclusters) distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy
lakes system;
- Loss of biological diversity of medicinal and fodder
plant species distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake
system;
Changes in the chemical composition of medicinal and
fodder plants distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake
system;
- negative impact on food safety;
- depending on the environmental changes in the
region, various infectious diseases, diseases related to
metabolic disorders, oncological diseases, and
diabetes are the reason for the increase of diseases.
To prevent unpleasant situations:
-planting and breeding (cultivation, introduction) of
plant species resistant to drought, diseases, cold and
heat;
-regularly control the input-output balance and
chemical composition of water;
- regularly study the dynamics of flora and fauna
species in the area;
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
46
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
03
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
42-46
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
- providing understanding and information in this
regard within the scope of the science of
environmental protection in schools, technical
institutes and HEIs;
- carrying out promotion and propaganda work among
the population;
- organizing activities such as protecting your home,
your territory and your country, i.e. instilling the sense
of patriotism into the minds of young people.
The main reason for our presentation of these ideas is
a comparative analysis of the problems associated with
the drying up of the Aral Sea.
As a result of the drying up of the Aral Sea, a lifeless
coating consisting of small salt and soil particles was
formed in Orolqum, which appeared in its place.
Depending on the seasons, when the wind blows, dust
consisting of salt and soil particles rises into the air and
spreads over long distances. According to some
statistics, 250 kg of salt dust falls on each hectare of
irrigated land in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, and up
to 500 kg in some areas.
From 15 million to 75 million tons of dust can rise from
the dry bottom of the Aral Sea during a year. The width
of salt dust storms is 40 km. to; 400 km long. spreads
to Salty dust is blown by the wind tens or even
hundreds of km from Orolkum. spread over a distance
and rained down on natural meadows, crops in oases,
gardens, cities and villages and had a negative impact
on the ecological environment. Dust from the island
even reached the glaciers on the peaks of the Tianshan
and Pamir mountains, accelerating the melting of the
glaciers there.
As a result of the drying up of the Aral Sea, as a result
of the acceleration of desertification and salinization,
in recent years, about 50,000 hectares of arable land
has become unsuitable for agricultural use.
Unfavorable environmental conditions lead to a sharp
decrease in agricultural crops and livestock products.
The main purpose of providing this information is that
if the necessary measures are not taken, the reduction
of the water balance in the Aydar Arnasoy lake system
and the consequences caused by the formation of the
Aral Sea will certainly occur in these areas.
REFERENCES
1.
Ghodalov. Effect of Aydar-Arnasoy lake system on
landscapes // G.f.f.d. (PhD) thesis submitted for the
degree. 2009. p. 17-24.
2.
G. Kadirov. Transformation of grassland vegetation
cover of the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system. //
Dissertation submitted for obtaining the degree of
Candidate of Biological Sciences. 2008. -B. 24-27.
3.
R. Kenjaev. Tragedy of the Aral Sea. 2019.
4.
Imomova D.A., Imomova Sh.A. Aydar-Arnasoy
lakes system, primary results of chemical element
composition of some water and soil samples. //
Oriental Journal Of Geography Sjif 2023: 6.60
5.
Imomova D.A., Sherimbetov S.G., Danilova E.A.
Amount of macro and micronutrients in soil
samples around the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system. //
Bulletin of Agrarian Science of Uzbekistan 1(85)
2021
6.
Imomova D.A., Imomova Sh.A. Life forms of plants
distributed in the Aydar-Arnasoy lake system. //
Bulletin of Agrarian Science of Uzbekistan 2 (86)
2021
7.
Opredelitel rastenii Sredney Azii. - Tashkent:
Science, 1968−1993.
T. II. - 1971. - 355 c.
T. III. - 1972. - 268 c.
