Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
53
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
53-57
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.689
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article deals with the emergence of a new environment for the accumulation of information on typewritten
media, the development of means of communication that ensure the delivery of information to any point of the earth
without significant restrictions in time, a wide coverage of the population by means of communication and the
possibility of automated processing of information using a computer according to specified algorithms.
KEYWORDS
Development, foundations, information, technology, theory, external environment, exchanging information,
computer science.
INTRODUCTION
The transition to the new millennium coincides with
the change of eras in the development of society. The
era of industrial society should be replaced by the era
of information technology, when humanity is moving
to a new stage of information development. In the 21st
century the level of development of the state will be
determined rather than by the volume of industrial
output, but by the state of science and education,
Research Article
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Submission Date:
September 10, 2022,
Accepted Date:
September 19, 2022,
Published Date:
September 30, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume02Issue09-12
Raximjon I. Toshpulatov
Senior Lecturer Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
54
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
53-57
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.689
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
which characterizes the quality of knowledge
produced.
Indeed, in the modern world it is impossible to take any
progressive step, to solve any universal or particular
problems without appropriate information support,
i.e. obtaining information from the external
environment, its appropriate analysis and prompt
decision-making. Information has become a strategic
resource of society, and the div of knowledge has
become a decisive factor in the development of any
country. [1]
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
For the first time in the history of the development of
civilization, a person has opportunities that enhance
his intellectual abilities: a computer and a computer
network. The creation of a computer and means of
processing and exchanging information at a new level
is due to a new natural science - informatics, which
arose in the middle of the 20th century. on the
achievements of mathematics, physics, cybernetics,
information theory.
From the theoretical foundations of computer
technology, computer science in our time has become
a science that studies the laws and methods of
accumulation,
processing,
transmission
and
assimilation of information using computers and
communications. In the bowels of informatics, more
and more new information technologies are being
born, allowing a person to successfully operate with an
increasing information flow.
Informatics has become necessary for any specialist
who wants to improve their intellectual activity.
At present, it is difficult, if not impossible, to manage a
modern enterprise without knowledge of information
systems and the methods by which information
systems make the activities of any organization more
competent and efficient. Only with the help of
information systems, firms and global corporations
successfully operate, producing useful products and
providing the necessary service to society. [2]
The technical basis of information processing and
transmission systems is information technology, the
study of which at the user level is devoted to this book.
Let's define right away that by information technology
we will understand the methods, systems and tools
used to store, process, perceive and transmit
information in all possible forms and use it in all aspects
of our multifaceted life.
It is impossible to name any other technology that
could be compared with information technology in its
impact on society. Information technologies integrate
the fruits of the human mind and skill: computer
databases,
computer
networks
and
telecommunications systems in networks, radio
broadcasting, television, information support of
society through satellite repeaters, electronic
commerce
and
electronic
business,
artificial
intelligence systems that help a person make decisions
in a complex information environment.
Thanks to the global Internet network, our planet is
turning into a system of global communication
between people and the collective use of society's
information resources. A technical platform is being
created for an even more progressive development of
human intelligence. As academician N.N. Moiseev, "the
rate of development of knowledge is growing not only
with the growth of the number of people involved in
the creative process, but even more so with the
intensity of information exchanges", which is
facilitated by the development of global computer
networks.
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
55
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
53-57
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.689
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
To improve their activities, a person needs elementary
knowledge about modern information systems, about
the technical capabilities of computer systems and
information technologies, one needs to be able to use
the information wealth of modern society, to be able
to independently solve professional problems using a
computer.
Understanding
the
capabilities
of
information technology is becoming an indispensable
element of the culture of a modern person and, at the
same time, a condition for achieving success in
professional activities. All these issues are the subject
of this study. Its purpose is to help pupils and students
organize their professional activities based on the
competent use of information technology.
Computer science as a scientific direction owes its
origin to the ideas of creating a computer. In the
United States, the science of computer technology was
called computer science, in France it was given the
name informatics from the words information and
automation. We have adopted this concept as
"informatics". [3]
In general, computer science is the science of
computer
technology,
the
principles
of
its
development and operation. A significant place in
computer science is occupied by the issues of
computer hardware, its software, the interaction of
software and hardware, and, of course, the
development of such a computer operating system
that would provide a friendly user interface.
A significant place in computer science belongs to the
development of computer elements - integrated
circuits, microprocessors, computer memory systems.
Along with the development of computer science,
methods and means of information exchange
developed, and it is quite natural that the means of
microprocessor technology and programming began
to be successfully introduced into information
transmission systems. The computer allowed the
creation of a new type of information technology.
In addition, the computer began to play a paramount
role in science, technology, education, and culture.
Computer methods for processing information and
solving mathematical problems are beginning to
spread to applied problems, and the scope of
computer technology is expanding. That is why
computer science is turning into the science of
information processes in modern society.
According to academician Semakin I.G, "originated in
the depths of the science of control processes -
cybernetics, informatics. Literally before our eyes,
from a technical discipline about methods and means
of data processing with the help of computer
technology, it is turning into a fundamental natural
science of information and information processes in
nature and society." [4]
Academician A.P. Ershov, who wrote that "the science
of the rational use of a computer to solve various
problems is called informatics."
In our time, microprocessor technology allows you to
create effective information service technologies,
thereby creating conditions for creative activity. Note
that technology is a set of methods for manufacturing
or processing materials or raw materials carried out in
the production process or, more simply, the art of
making things. In scientific terms, technology consists
in identifying patterns in order to put into practice the
most efficient and economical production processes.
New information technologies are a complex of
scientific and engineering knowledge embodied in
computer hardware, algorithmic and software using
communication facilities.
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
56
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
53-57
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.689
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Information technologies significantly increase the
efficiency of human activity by automating the
processing of information and calculations.
Information technology has an integrating property in
relation to all other technologies. So, in information
systems in which the processes of real relations are
modeled (an industrial enterprise, a transport
company, a bank, a sports association, an insurance
company, etc.), a kind of synthesis of various
knowledge in a particular subject area takes place on a
computer base. Due to the preliminary formalization of
this knowledge, it is possible to manipulate and analyze
situations. Databases, and then knowledge bases,
allow some automation of scientific activity.
It can be said without exaggeration that information
technologies form the cutting edge of scientific and
technological progress, create an information
foundation for the development of science and other
technologies.
The emergence of speech marked the beginning of
human history. It was speech that allowed a person to
rise above other biological objects. Speech is a
fundamental difference between a person and all living
organisms. In essence, language is a method of
encoding a message that a person reproduces.
Although messages are formed by other living beings,
and even plants, the message of a person is
distinguished by the complexity of the code used and
its very high arbitrariness.
The transmission of information through speech not
only gave rise to the possibility of a rapid exchange of
knowledge, but also played a decisive role in the
transformation of people into human civilization. Ever
since man became a source and consumer of
information, knowledge has become the main result of
his life activity. No wonder four centuries ago, the
English philosopher Francis Bacon, Lord Chancellor of
England, said: "knowledge is power." The power of
information and knowledge lies in the fact that with
their help new opportunities for a person are revealed.
Lednev V.S claims that throughout the development of
civilization, there have been several information
revolutions, mainly related to the ways of presenting
and processing information. With each such
revolution, humanity moved to a new stage of
development. [5]
CONCLUSION
Perhaps, historically, writing should be called the first
stage of information technology, the next stage -
invented in the 15th century. typography. The
development of the sciences, stimulated by printing,
accelerated the rate of accumulation of professional
knowledge. Knowledge, realized through the labor
process in machine tools, machines, structures,
research, etc., became a source of new ideas and
scientific directions.
REFERENCES
1.
Pedagogy: pedagogical theories, systems,
technologies: Textbook / S.A. Smirnov, I.B.
Kotov, E.N. Shiyanov and others; Ed. S.A.
Smirnova. - M.: Publishing House. Center
"Academy", 2019.
2.
Informatics: Task book-workshop: V2t. / Ed. I.G.
Semakin, E.K. Henner. Moscow: Basic
Knowledge Laboratory, 2020.
3.
Kuznetsov A.A. On the concept of the content
of education in the educational field
"Informatics" in a 12-year school // INFO No. 7,
2018
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
57
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
53-57
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.689
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
4.
Lapchik M.P., Semakin I.G., Khenner E.K.
Methods
of
teaching
informatics.
M.:
Academy, 2019
5.
Lednev V.S., Kuznetsov A.A., Beshenkov S.A.
On the theoretical foundations of the content
of teaching informatics in a general education
school // INFO No. 2, 2008.
