Science and Technology Other Topics

So‘nggi o‘n yilliklarda axborot texnologiyalari kundalik hayotimizning ajralmas qismiga aylandi va turli sohalarni, jumladan, ta’limni ham tubdan o‘zgartirdi. Texnika fanlariga yo‘naltirilgan kasbiy ta’lim muassasalari o‘zlarining o‘qitish metodologiyasiga axborot texnologiyalarini kiritish muhimligini tan oldilar. Texnologiyadagi ushbu yutuqlar talabalar va o‘qituvchilar uchun o‘quv tajribasini oshirish uchun ko‘plab imkoniyatlarni taqdim etadi.

Ushbu maqola oliy ta’lim jarayonida talabalar mustaqil dunyoqarashini shakllantirishda zamonaviy pedtexnologiyalarni ta’lim jarayoniga tadbiq qilish va qo’llash usullarini pedagogik jihatdan ochib beradi, hamda ta’limni zamonaviylashtirish yo’lida qilinishi lozim bo’lgan masalalarni pedagogik yoritib beradi.

The scientific significance of the research results is explained by the determination of the influence of local raw materials and agricultural waste on the phase formation process and structure formation in ceramic wall material, as well as on its physical and mechanical properties and quality indicators under firing conditions

Ushbu maqolada shaxs psixikasining rivojlanishiga ahamiyatli boʻlgan «Men»konsepsiyasi tushunchasi, xulq-atvor xususiyatlari,oʻz-oʻzini anglashga qaratilgan roli haqida yoritiliboʻtiladi.Shaxsning oʻz-oʻziga baho berish, shaxsning ijtimoiy psixologik xarakteristikasi "Men" tushunchasi orqali ifodalab oʻtiladi.

Digital economy is a system of implementation of economic, social and cultural relations based on the use of digital technologies. It is sometimes referred to as the internet economy, the new economy, or the web economy. The digital economy is not some kind of economy that needs to be created from scratch. This means moving the existing economy to a new system by creating new technology, platforms and business models and implementing them into everyday life. First of all, the digital economy significantly increases people's living standards, it is the main cause of corruption and "black economy". Because numbers seal everything, store it in memory, provide information quickly when needed. Under such conditions, it is impossible to hide any information, make secret deals, or not provide full information about this or that activity.

the article is devoted to the study of the features of expressive syntactic means in modern English-language fiction. Examples of various expressive syntactic means are given, the most frequent of them are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the important contribution of the considered means to the creation of expressiveness of modern English fiction.

Maqolada iqtisodiyotini yuksaltirishda sanoat korxonalarining iqtisodiy salohiyatini oshirishda raqamlashtirishning ahamiyati haqida bayon etilgan.

Ushbu maqola shuni ko'rsatadiki, raqamli transformatsiyaning afzalliklaridan iqtisodiyotda hamma foydalanishini ta'minlash ambitsiyalariga erishishda muhim rol o'ynaydi.Raqamli iqtisodiyotning aholi turmush darajasiga ijobiy
va salbiy ta’sirlari mavjud bo’lib, bunga to’liq moslashgunga qadar ba’zi mamlakatlar qiyinchiliklarga duch keladi.

This article discusses the purpose of implementing design work when planning the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the processes and conditions being studied during development, the division into functional zones, the results that need to be achieved, and the effectiveness of this document in urban planning.

Cities and rural settlements are the main places for people to live. At the same time, the development of such settlements has stimulated the process of urbanization in the modern world to become global. Important changes in the economic space of the global economy that have taken place in recent decades are the reason for the emergence of new stages and directions of scientific research. The regional, national and world economy is developing under the influence of the economic mechanisms of large cities and expanded urban agglomerations, which are considered as their subject, and in the conditions of globalization.

The document describes how the noise level was measured on the facade of a multi-storey residential building in Tashkent. The building has two sides parallel to the railway located about 25 m from it. Because of the short distance the noise level of trains is well above the permissible limit on the facade of the building, the objective of the acoustic study presented in the document was to ensure that the noise level measured at a distance of 2 m from the facade of the building, It was in compliance with the noise insulation standards of Uzbekistan and SP 353.1325800.2017, which fully comply with international standards. [1]

This article considers the problem of observing the boundaries of a land plot and private housing construction during its construction. In particular, compliance with red lines and other lines of urban planning regulation when placing residential and other buildings on the site. The article discusses the composition of the documents of the project of detailed planning of the city, compiled by the scale: 1:2000 project of red lines defining the boundaries between built-up neighborhoods and driveways with sidewalks and lawns. As a result of comparing the coordinates, design and executive, a conclusion is made about the accuracy of the transfer.

Ushbu maqolada shahar markazlarining rejaviy echimini larini shakllantirish va yurtimizdagi shahar markazlari to’g’risida so’z yuritilgan. Bundan tashqari markazlarining rejaviy echimini hayotimizda qay darajada roll mavjud ekanligini ham ko’rishimiz mumkin.

Earlier 20 century, sociologist Pitirim Sorokin suggested a theory of socio-cultural dynamics as follows: development of social systems and their transition from one state into another occurred under the influence of values prevailing in society. Note that social and cultural values are generating one or another type of society (even civilization) while evolution of values leads society to a turning point of development where these values compulsorily disintegrate or go to a new level of functioning. Cited as example may be the collapse of the USSR and radical transformation of the Chinese economy.

Objects of the inquiry: an inorganic polymeric resistive composition with use of local raw material on the basis of GCFK+RuCh, GCFK+CrfO, polymeric composition F-42+RuO2, F-42+CdO, F-42+SnC>2. Modified mineral filler on the base of kaolin and heat-treated poliarilonitrile.
Aim of the inquiry: in development of scientific bases for creation resistive composite materials with use of a local source of raw materials, establishment of laws of physic-chemical and electric properties depending on their formation, structure of components and development on their base of effective technology for producing new generation of resistive products for electronic industry.
Methods of inquiry: physic-chcmical, technological, physic-mcchanical, thermodynamic, operational.
The results achieved and their novelty: concludes, new structures and technologies of low-temperature sintering developed for creation of resistive compositions on the basis of a local and secondary source of raw materials, laws of variation of electric properties of resistive compositions depending on their formation and structure arc established, presumed mechanism of conductivity is been offered, received modified mineral fillers.
Practical value. Structure of compositions and technology of creation resistors arc developed at 450 °C (against 850°C) on the basis of glass-cement GCFK-77-2 + oxides of metal’s, a polymeric resistive composition on the basis of fluorine layer F-42 oxides of metal’s; technology of manufacturing of binary and modified fillers.
Degree of embed and economic efficiency: developed resistive compositions were implemented on an industrial base of institute "Microelectronics" Uzeltehsanoat, and NTTS “Kompozit”. Expected economic benefit is 132 million sum each year, (under tariff rates on raw material and products for January, 2006).
Sphere of usage: Electro-technical industry for production of thick-film resistors, Graduate schools for educational purposes.

Ushbu maqolada bugungi axborotlashgan jamiyatda oʻqitishning zamonaviy didaktik vositalarini kengroq joriy etish muhimligi, xorijiy (rus) tili darslarida foydalanish uchun hozirda kompyuter dasturlarining keng doirasi taklif etilganligi, ushbu dasturlar orqali yaratiladigan multimedialar audiovizual axborotni qayta ishlashning zamonaviy usullarini qo‘llash hisobiga o‘qitish samaradorligini oshirish va o‘qitishni intensifikatsiyalash imkoniyatini ta’minlashi haqidagi fikrlar bayon etilgan.

Ushbu maqolada virtual voqelik tushunchasi, uning turlari, yoʻnalishlari va qoʻllanilish sohalari hamda uning ta’limdagi oʻrni haqida qisqacha tavsif berilgan.

Ushbu maqolada bo‘lajak energetik muhandislarni raqamli texnalogiyalar asosida kasbiy faoliyatga tayyorlash jarayonini rivojlantirishi haqida so‘z boradi.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. In a world of more than 20% of the buildings and premises of the fire will become unusable state. To improve the fire resistance of the construction materials processing phosphorus, sulfur and chlorinc-containing oligomers increased by 5.4% in 2016. Processing of buildings and building materials against fire protection and improvement of the rheological, physical and mechanical properties and the regulation of structure of composite materials and synthetic modifiers of reactive oligomer is an urgent problem1.
During the years of independence in our country to obtain polifunktsio-tional fire-resistant materials, anti-corrosion coatings were carried out great activities in this direction, including the use of high-quality phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine-containing oligomers and polymers arc paying attention to the environmental and economic performance.
Today in the world to improve the quality and efficiency of phosphorus, sulfur and chlorinc-containing oligomers and polymeric materials to pay attention to the appropriate research, in this aspect, certain scientific and practical interest arc reactive oligomers containing functional groups F, Cl, S; wherein the phosphorus and sulfur containing oligomers can be effectively used alone or together to produce on their basis highly effective flame retardants, sealants, and coatings as well as for other purposes; study of the process of synthesis of these oligomers, their physical and chemical characteristics, as well as possible areas of application and technology development arc relevant.
This dissertation research is to a certain extent the tasks stipulated in the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 1442 of December 15, 2010 «On the priorities of industrial development of Uzbekistan for the period 2011-2015», Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 4707 from March 4, 2015 «About on additional measures to reduce production costs and reduce the cost of the product» and the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers № 8 of 22 January 2015 «For the implementation of important projects on modernization, technical and technological re-equipment of production» and other legal documents taken in this area.
The aim of the research is the development of technology production and use in the manufacture of composite polymeric materials of new oligomers based on phosphorus, sulfur-, chlorinc-containing compounds.
In accordance with the purpose of following tasks:
the study of methods for the preparation of new high phosphorus, sulfur -, chlorinated oligomers, to determine the optimal conditions for their synthesis;
study of the structure, physico-chemical and physico-mcchanical properties of P, S, Cl- containing oligomers; modifiers for studying the synthesis of F, C1-, S-containing oligomers and their modifications;investigatc the fire, physical, mechanical and corrosion properties of F, C1-, S- containing oligomers, to justify the technical and economic efficiency of these oligomers.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
obtained P, Cl, S- containing oligomers based on local raw materials;
is investigated a composition and properties of synthesized compounds;
is investigated a composition and properties of synthesized compounds;
investigated modifiers for the synthesis of P, Cl, S- containing oligomers and their modifications;
investigated the physical-mechanical and anti-corrosion properties of phosphorus, chlorine, sera- containing oligomers, fire, grounded technical and economic efficiency of these oligomers.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Proposed a modification technology by chemical transformation, hardening and strengthening the mechanical properties of sealants based on the various polysulfide oligomers
2. Proposed the mechanism of the process of curing polysulfidc oligomers via the obtained activation systems and the possibility of obtaining white thiokol sealants, having high deformation-strength and adhesion properties. Studied the thermal properties of sealants based thiokol oligomer used as curatives zinc oxide and manganese dioxide, with methods TG and DTA. Was determined that the Thiokol adhesives with zinc oxide have a lower level of thermal and relaxation characteristics compared with Thiokol sealants manganese dioxide, which is associated with a different nature produced vulcanite network.
3. Recommended the mechanism of action of the process retardant wood and polymers based phosphorus-containing compositions, which offer ample opportunities for purposeful synthesis of new oligomeric flame retardants.
4. Conducted the tests of the obtained oligomeric name retardant grades of АР-100, АР-110, АР-120, АР-130, АР-140, AP-150 and ADj-1 ADj-2, ADj-3, when the flame-retardant action of wood and polymers. Was determined that the in their performance, these products can be compared with the applicable foreign counterparts, the pattern shown is associated with the presence of a flame retardant in the macromolecule polar functional groups
5. Developed flame retardants based phosphorus containing oligomers cured various activators which raise high group of the efficiency of fire retardant wood and polymers. It is recommended to use the stamps oligomers АР-100, АРНО, АР-120, АР-130, AP-140, AP-150 and ADj-1, ADj-2, 3-ADj as hardeners.
6. Studied the effect obtained modifiers based on phosphorus and sulfur-containing compounds in the physic-chemical and physico-mcchanical properties of chlorosulfonatcd polyethylene. It is shown that by the interaction of a large variety of polymer becomes adhcsively-activc functional groups. It is shown that the modified polymer macromolecule becomes active adhesively wide variety of functional groups.
7. Established the regularities of structure formation of adhesive compositions and their influence on the adhesive strength of the composition based on a chlorosulfonatcd polyethylene modified obtained phosphorus - nitrogen compounds.
8. Studied the surface structure of the films formed in the modification of the compositions. It is shown that when there is a significant modification of the curvature of the film surface. This structural effect showing an increase fixing strength by increasing the area of the contact surface.
9. Developed the technology of P, CI, S- containing compounds based on local raw materials and implemented LLC «QAYUM HOJI SER.VIS», «KAFOLAT REZINA» LLC, Tashkent UMG. The resulting P, CI, S- containing compounds have a high fire resistance, wcathcrability and resistance to aggressive environments.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Increasing the export potential, reducing the flow of imported goods, saving foreign currency assets and ensuring the growing needs of the population requires the development of new composite materials and finished consumer goods, including on the basis of knitting. Knitting industry in the country is young , an important focus of the textile industry and in modern conditions it is oriented to increase the export potential of the country and offers complete cycle of «from raw materials to finished products». Technical jersey/knitted material may be the most suitable component of modern composite materials.
The properties of various materials most successfully implemented in their compositions, when the shortcomings of one material covered by other virtues, or there are new properties that are not inherent in the individual components. Advances in the development of new composite materials associated with the creation of reinforced polymers. In recent years there has been significant progress in the use of reinforced films with reinforcing structures in different fields of industry, agriculture and construction. However, far from being exhausted opportunities to develop new reinforced composite polymeric materials like nature and structure of the constituent elements and their production technology. The prospect of highly strengthened composites is seen in knitted nets for this strengthening.
Textile fabrics can be used as a filtering element in various processes in capturing industrial emissions. Capturing harmful toxic substances is possible only with the adsorbents introduced into the filter material by impregnating, spraying, applying to the surface or into the material.
Unconventional fibers (sorption, antimicrobials, basalt, and others), in particular the chemisorptions have low mechanical properties, which makes hard the formation of these yams. All attempts to improve the mechanical properties decrease the sorption properties. By this reason the perspective way in developing composite sleeves is to perform on the basis of knitting material with based filler.
Under Presidential Decrees PP-1590 from June 29, 2011 «About further extension of localization of production of finished products, components and materials on the basis of industrial cooperation for 2011-2013» and PP-2120 from February 4, 2014 «On the program of localization of production of finished products, components and materials for 2014-2016» identified a number of problems related industries, including light industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan it was defined several missions to the industrial sectors including the sector of chemistry and technology of composite materials.
Thus, the relevance of the thesis topic is to establish the scientific foundations regularities of formation and development of technologies knit-reinforced thermoplastic composites, filled fabrics and sleeves of multifunctional purpose, a much-needed increase in the volume of production, broadening the assortment range, improving the quality and reducing their cost.
Purpose of research: to create reinforced polyfunctional composite materials with required structure, for implementation of strength, elasticdeformation, adhesion properties of knitted fabrics and developing effective technology of production.
Scientific novelty of disscrtational research. It is scientifically founded creating technology of knitting-reinforced composite materials with required structure and properties. Benefits knitting method implemented in new developments of composites according to the structure and properties:
it is studied the relationship patterns of the constituent elements of the structure filled and reinforced knitted material, proposed equation determining their equilibrium state and developed a method of optimizing the degree of mobility;
it is developed a theoretical process of the formation of filled and reinforced fabrics, sleeves and they have been practically implemented;
developed composite fabrics and sleeve with reactive N- vinyl polymers, fibrous and particulate fillers with other functionally active properties (UZ 1046, UZ 943, UZ FAP 00476, UZ FAP00784);
proven the advisability of using a mesh jersey/knitted material as a reinforcing element of thermoplastic composites reinforced plastic composites (UZ 944, RU 2085396), designed and developed the technology reinforced roofing composite based on polyvinyl chloride (UZ FAP 00426).
CONCLUSION
1. Scientifically founded the possibility of applying of the net, filled and reinforced structures when creating knitted composite materials of polyfunctional purposes. Designed geometrical model of the state structure and methods of optimizing the mobility of knitted material.
2. Developed the concept of a knilted-reinforced composites with required properties. Based on composite sleeve created new seamless coverage for offset printing machines, sleeves, filters, containers for packing of bales of cotton products and etc.
3. It is determined the creating features of adsorption filled knitted composites with dispersed and fiber reactive polymers, including through further modification. It is developed the methods of optimizing technological parameters and operational properties of knitted material composites.
4. It is determined the dependence of the properties of reinforced composites on the nature of the material, geometric dimensions of the strengthening of the structural elements, chemical compatibility and ways of formation. The samples with improved durability and adhesion properties on the basis of net jersey.
5. Durable binding polyester and nylon thread with polyvinylchloride contributes to finding them highly elastic or viscous-flow condition, you may experience of intermolecular hydrogen and donor-acceptor relations, adsorption and diffusion matrix inside jersey/knitted material because of its porous structure.
6. Comparative analysis of reinforced composites showed that the most effective is knitted mesh is made of nylon thread, especially with clearance of oval form. Highly oriented elements woven fiberglass easily removed from sheet material. The advantage jersey knitted material implemented due to the solid structure, strength with a simultaneous elasticity of nodes matching glass transition temperatures and melting of the material of the frame and polymer adhesive strength and adsorption interaction forces. Under the action of an explosive efforts polymer composite behaves as a solid material.
7. Net knitwear from caprone thread embedded in the technology roofing composite on the basis of PVC. It is developed regulated technology of production of knitted-reinforced composites with improved physical-mechanical properties.
8. Introduction of the developed technological solutions gives significant social and economic effect expressed in rational use of raw materials, energy resources, as well as in the improvement of working conditions and environmental safety.

Ushbu maqolada iqtidorli bolalarning qobiliyatlarini qay tarzda kashf qilish va shaxsiy faolligi, shuningdek, individual iste’dodni shakllantirish va shaxsning o‘z-o‘zini rivojlantirish psixologik mexanizmlari muhim ahamiyatga egaligi haqida bir necha qarashlar ilgari surilgan.

Ushbu maqolada bulutli hisoblash texnologiyalarida axborotlarni buzilish holatlari tahlili batafsil keltirilib, ularga qarshi himoya yondashuvlari tavsiya etilgan.

Развитие языковых навыков и появление интереса к языку возможно при помощи, разработанных специалистами в области педагогики, множества видов заданий в основе которых лежит применение пословиц и поговорок на уроке иностранного языка.

In this article, the costs of road pavement repair using modern construction materials widely used in the world experience and the costs of conventional repair are compared.

Usbu maqolada o‘quv-tarbiyaviy jarayonni ilg’or pedagogik texnologiyalar bilan foydalangan holda texnika oliy o‘quv yurtida mutaxassislik fanlarini o‘qitish haqida ma‘lumotlar keltirilgan. Oliy ta'lim tizimidan raqobat muhitiga javob bera oladigan mutaxassislarni tayyorlashda zamonaviy texnika fanlari ta'limda innovatsion yondashuvlarni qo’llanilishi talab etilmoqda.