INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 05 (2025)
1018
STUDYING THE EFFECT OF MEDICINAL PLANT PREPARATIONS ON ANTIGEN
COMPETITION IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Teshaboyev Azizbek Muhammadaliyevich
Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health
Fergana, Uzbekistan
Abstract
: White mice were divided into 8 groups to study the effect of herbal preparations on
antigen competition in white mice. When mice are injected with a dominant antigen (EL) 4 days
before EB immunization, a dramatic (4.7-fold) suppression of the immune response to EB occurs,
meaning that the dominant antigen suppresses the div's immunological response to EB. In mice
pretreated with EL, the number of nucleated spleen cells was reduced by 1.3 compared to controls.
Gulzor 17-Doctor Ali 6 NSC increases 2.3 times when EL is taken together with "Hepar Neo"
balm; Gulzor 17-Doctor Ali 6 "Hepar Neo" balm combined with EB increases the number of AJ
by 3.1 times compared to group 2. Similar results were obtained when the number of AJS
significantly increased as a result of the introduction of herbal preparations: (EL + Balsam Gulzor)
+ EB - 1.9 times, EL (EB + Balsam Gulzor) - 2.7 times, (EL + Detoxioma ) + EB - 1.7 times and
EL+(EB+Detox) - 1.9 times.
Keywords:
Herbal medicinal preparations, immune response, antigen, phagocytes, immunization.
INTRODUCTION
Products derived from plants that are used for treating diseases or maintaining health are called
herbal products or phytomedicines. When a plant-based product is specifically intended for
internal use, it is referred to as a herbal supplement. Many prescription and over-the-counter
medications are also derived from plant sources; however, these pharmaceutical products
typically contain only purified plant ingredients. In contrast, herbal supplements may include
entire plants or specific parts of them. Herbal supplements come in various forms: dried, chopped,
powdered, in capsules, or as liquids, and they can be used in different ways depending on the
purpose (
Herbal Medicine
).
Guidelines issued by the Ministries of Health in China and South Korea recommend the use of
traditional treatment methods at various stages of COVID-19. However, detailed clinical trials are
required to determine the effectiveness of these remedies. Cinchona trees have been proven to be
effective in the treatment of COVID-19.
Currently, Astragalus mongholicus is among the most widely used medicinal plants. In India,
several herbal remedies have been recommended for the prevention of COVID-19, including
Tinospora cordifolia, Andrographis paniculata, Cydonia oblonga, Zizyphus jujube, and Cordia
myxa. In Morocco, the most commonly used plants for preventive purposes (with usage
frequency >40%) include: Allium sativum (80.9%), Olea europaea (72.7%), Allium cepa (66.7%),
Zingiber officinale (66%), Thymus maroccanus (59.2%), Eucalyptus globulus (56.5%),
Foeniculum vulgare (54.3%), Curcuma xanthorrhiza (50%), Phoenix dactylifera (50%),
Rosmarinus officinalis (47.9%), Thymus satureioides (41.9%), Mentha pulegium (41.3%), and
Pimpinella anisum (40%).
In recent years, various plant extracts have been studied for their immunomodulatory activity on
lymphocytes. Among these extracts, Salvia mirzayanii, derived from several medicinal plants, has
shown notable activity. This plant belongs to a large family comprising at least 900 species, found
across temperate and subtropical regions of the world (Duke, 1988). The antimicrobial activity of
the essential oil of
S. mirzayanii
has been investigated (Sonboli, Babo-khani, & Mehrabian, 2006),
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 05 (2025)
1019
and a novel sesterterpene, salvimirzakolide, has been isolated.
Salvia mirzayanii
is traditionally
used in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Medicinal plants have been known to humanity since ancient times. People have used plants not
only as food but also as a source of biologically active compounds. There is evidence that
medicinal plants were used for therapeutic purposes as early as 5,000 years ago. For a long
historical period, medicinal plants served as the sole source of medicines. In the territory of
Uzbekistan, about 4,500 species of higher plants grow naturally, of which approximately 1,200
species possess medicinal properties. Currently, 112 species of medicinal plants are officially
approved for use in conventional medicine in our Republic, with 80% of them being wild-growing
plants.
MЕTHОDS
The effects of a plant preparation on the primary immunity of animals were studied in a series of
experiments. The femoral muscles of mice were cleaned, epiphyses were cut, and bone marrow
was washed from the bone canal of all organs to prepare a cell suspension of the immune system.
The number of colony-forming units (JASK) was counted in a Goryaev chamber and recalculated
for the entire organ. This method was used to determine the total number of cells in central
(thymus, bone marrow) and peripheral (lymph nodes, spleen) immune organs.
The experiments were conducted on white mice weighing 20-22 g, which were immunized with
the test drugs instead of EB (Zanjabil Detoxioma, Gulzor Balm, Doctor Ali 1 tea decoction,
Gulzor 17 - Doctor Ali 6 “Hepar Neo” balm) at a dose of 0.25 ml/kg. During the experiment, the
requirements of the World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA) and the European
Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental Purposes (Strasbourg,
1986) were observed.
Excel 2013 (Microsoft) applications were used for statistical processing and analysis of the
research results, as well as for creating graphs based on the obtained data.
RESULTS
To study the phenomenon of antigen competition in the immune response, mice were first
administered horse erythrocytes (ER) as a dominant antigen at a dose of 1x10^9/ml. After 4 days,
they were given 2x10^8/ml of sheep erythrocytes (SE) as the immunizing antigen. Four days later,
the number of antidiv-forming cells (AFC) in the spleen was determined.
To determine the phagocytic activity of leukocytes, the test drugs were administered
intravenously to mice once. Four days later, the mice were euthanized, blood samples were
collected, and then 50 µl of latex particles (diameter 1–1.5 µm) were added to 50 µl of blood. The
mixture was incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C. Smears were prepared, and phagocytosis
parameters were determined. Additionally, the leukocyte count was measured.
Three indicators of phagocytosis were identified:
1.
Phagocytic Index (PI) – the proportion of phagocytic leukocytes;
2.
Phagocytic Number (PN) – the average number of latex particles ingested per leukocyte;
3.
Phagocytic Capacity (PC) – the total number of latex particles ingested by leukocytes in 1
µl of blood.
The effect of plant preparations on antigen competition in the immune response.
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 05 (2025)
1020
It is known that the sequential introduction of two antigens causes the first antigen to suppress the
immune response to the second antigen. We studied the effect of plant preparations on antigen
competition in white mice.
White mice were divided into 8 groups: 1st (control) group received only sheep
erythrocytes (SE) at a dose of 2x10^8/ml; 2nd group received horse erythrocytes (ER) at a dose of
2x10^9/ml (dominant antigen) first, and after 4 days were immunized with SE at a dose of
2x10^8/ml (immunizing antigen); 3rd group simultaneously received EL and detoxiome at a dose
of 0.25 ml/kg, and after 4 days were immunized with SE; 4th group received EL, and after 4 days
were immunized with SE along with detoxiome; 5th group simultaneously received EL and
Doctor Ali 1 tea decoction at a dose of 1.5 ml/kg, and after 4 days were immunized with SE; 6th
group received EL, and after 4 days were immunized with SE along with Doctor Ali 1 tea
decoction; 7th group simultaneously received EL and Gulzor 17 - Doctor Ali 6 “Hepar Neo” balm
at a dose of 0.2 ml/kg, and for 4 days were immunized with SE; 8th group received EL, and after
4 days were immunized with SE along with Gulzor 17 - Doctor Ali 6 “Hepar Neo” balm.
Four days after immunization, antidiv generation in the spleen was determined.
The effect of herbal preparations on the competition of antigens (horse and sheep
erythrocytes) in mice (M±m)
Table 1
Group (n=8)
Days
of
drug
administration
Number of
CFU x10⁶/ml IP
Number
of
AFC
per
spleen
IP
Control + (EB)
-
-
206.0 ±
10.0
-
3822.0 ±
31.0
EL + EB
-
-
158.0 ±
9.0 a
-1.3
815.0 ±
10.0 a
(EL + Detoxioma) + EB +
-
267.0 ±
14.0 b +1.7
3214.0 ±
32.0 b
EL + (EB + Detoxioma) -
+
308.0 ±
15.0 b +1.9
4234.0 ±
39.0 b
(EL + Doctor Ali 1 tea
infusion) + EB
+
-
195.0 ±
11.0 b +1.2
1981.0 ±
9.0 b
EL + (EB + Doctor Ali 1
tea infusion)
-
+
264.0 ±
14.0 b +1.7
2784.0 ±
21.0 b
(EL + Gulzor balm) + EB +
-
301.0 ±
19.0 b +1.9
3147.0 ±
22.0 b
EL + (EB + Gulzor balm) -
+
428.0 ±
25.0 b +2.7
4097.0 ±
29.0 b
(EL + Gulzor 17 - Doctor
Ali 6 "Hepar Neo" balm)
+ EB
+
-
367.0 ±
17.0 b +2.3
3618.0 ±
27.0 b
EL + (EB + Gulzor 17 -
Doctor Ali 6 "Hepar Neo"
balm)
-
+
489.0 ±
27.0 b +3.1
4856.0 ±
38.0 b
Note:
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 05 (2025)
1021
EL - horse erythrocytes, IP - index ratio, (-) - compared to 1st group, (+) - compared to 2nd group,
a - significant difference from control, b - significant difference from 2nd group, (n=8) - number
of animals in the group.
The results showed that if the dominant antigen (EL) is administered to mice 4 days before EB
immunization, there is a sharp suppression (4.7-fold) of the immune response to EB, meaning that
the dominant antigen suppresses the div's immunological response to EB.
Administering the Gulzor 17-Doctor Ali 6 “Hepar Neo” balm to mice along with the dominant EL
antigen completely neutralizes the ability of the latter to suppress the immune response to EB. In
group 9 mice, the level of AFC is 4.4 times higher than in groups 2 and the control, reaching
comparable levels.
Co-administration of Gulzor balm and detoxioma with the dominant antigen significantly
increased the AFC count by 3.9 times. In the group treated with Doctor Ali tea infusion 1, the
AFC level increased by 2.4 times.
A similar pattern was observed when herbal preparations were used together with EB. The AFC
counts in the spleens of mice from groups 3, 8, and 10 were 5.2, 5.0, and 6.0 times higher,
respectively, compared to animals previously given EL.
DISCUSSION
It should be emphasized that the second variant of administering herbal preparations (with either
EL or EB) proved to be more effective.
When herbal preparations were administered with both the dominant antigen and the immunizing
antigen, they clearly abolished the antigen competition in the immune response.
In mice pre-treated with EL, the number of nucleated spleen cells decreased by 1.3 times
compared to the control. When EL was administered together with Gulzor 17-Doctor Ali 6
"Hepar Neo" balm, the number of nucleated spleen cells increased by 2.3 times; co-administration
of Gulzor 17-Doctor Ali 6 "Hepar Neo" balm with EB increased the number of nucleated spleen
cells by 3.1 times compared to group 2.
Similar results were obtained when the number of nucleated spleen cells significantly increased
after the introduction of herbal preparations:
(EL + Gulzor Balm) + EB increased 1.9 times,
EL (EB + Gulzor Balm) increased 2.7 times,
(EL + Detoxioma) + EB increased 1.7 times,
EL + (EB + Detoxioma) increased 1.9 times.
Thus, the ability of herbal preparations to abolish the phenomenon of antigen competition in mice
was clearly demonstrated.
REFERENCES
1.
Axmadaliev, R. U., Turdiev, S. M., Abduvalieva, F. T., & Soliyev, B. (2023). Study and
evaluation of negative factors affecting employees’ health of glass manufacturing enterprises in
Ferghana Region. In
BIO Web of Conferences
(Vol. 65, p. 05023). EDP Sciences.
2.
Sharobidinovna, A. D., & Baxtiyor, S. (2022). ORGANIZMDAGI SUV BALANSINING
SALOMATLIK UCHUN AHAMIYATI.
SO ‘NGI ILMIY TADQIQOTLAR NAZARIYASI
,
5
(1),
69-72.
3.
Sharobidinovna, A. D., & Baxtiyor, S. (2020, December). THE IMPORTANCE OF WATER
FOR THE SPORTS BODY. In
Конференции
.
INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SJIF 2019: 5.222 2020: 5.552 2021: 5.637 2022:5.479 2023:6.563 2024: 7,805
eISSN :2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume 12, issue 05 (2025)
1022
4. Abduvaliyeva, F., Turdiyev, S., Azimova, M., Soliyev, B., & Atadjanova, D. (2024). Hygienic
assessment of drinking water from underground sources of centralized water supply systems of
Fergana City. In
BIO Web of Conferences
(Vol. 113, p. 04020). EDP Sciences.
5. Шерматов, Р. М., Солиев, Б., & Атаджанова, Д. Ш. ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ ПИЩЕВОЙ
НЕПЕРЕНОСИМОСТИ У ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА В ГОРОДСКОЙ И
СЕЛЬСКОЙ МЕСТНОСТИ.
6. Шерматов, Р. М., Солиев, Б., & Атаджанова, Д. Ш. ОСОБЕННОСТИ КЛИНИЧЕСКОГО
ТЕЧЕНИЯ ЖЕЛЕЗОДЕФИЦИТНОЙ АНЕМИИ У ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА.
7.
Камбаров, Б. Б. (2024, November). ОСНОВЫ ЗДОРОВОГО ПИТАНИЯ. In
Russian-
Uzbekistan Conference
(Vol. 1, No. 1).
8. Imaraliyevich, O. M. (2025). STUDYING THE SOUTH KOREA HEALTHCARE
SYSTEM.
Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
,
12
(01), 74-77.
9. Osbayov, M. I. (2024). ORGANIZING HEALTHY NUTRITION FOR CHILDREN.
Ethiopian
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
,
11
(12), 336-338.
10. Osboyev, M. I. (2024). INTRODUCTION OF THE TERM ALLERGY INTO SCIENCE
AND ALLERGIC CONDITIONS.
Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary
Research
,
11
(12), 43-46.
11. Imaraliyevich, O. M. (2025). REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROMOTION ISSUES.
Ethiopian
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
,
12
(01), 214-216.
12. Imaraliyevich, O. M. (2025). STUDYING THE IMPACT OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON
HUMAN HEALTH.
Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
,
12
(01), 252-
255.
13. Muhammadkadirovich, M. U. B. (2024). THE IMPORTANCE OF MICROELEMENTS IN A
HEALTHY NUTRITION.
Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
,
11
(12),
666-669.
14. Мараимов, У. М. (2024, December). ОСНОВЫ ГИГИЕНЫ ЗДОРОВОГО ОБРАЗА
ЖИЗНИ. In
Russian-Uzbekistan Conference
(pp. 186-188).
15.
Muhammadkadirovich, M. U. B. (2025). THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNAL HYGIENE
IN PROTECTING HUMAN HEALTH.
Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary
Research
,
12
(02), 367-372.
